Sibling relationships of children and adolescents with mental disorders–Resource or risk factor?

AbstractRecent decades have seen an alarming increase in rates of suicide among young people, including children and adolescents (“youth”). Although child maltreatment constitutes a well-established risk factor for suicidal ideation in youth, few efforts have focused on identifying factors associated with maltreated youths’ increased risk for suicidal ideation, especially across development. The present study examined the relations between maltreated youths' (N = 279, M = 12.06 years, 52% female, 53% Latinx) perceptions of their social status and suicidal ideation and compared those relations between pre-adolescents and adolescents. Findings revealed unique developmental patterns: Perceived social status was associated with suicidal ideation, but only in adolescents, who showed greater risk for suicidal ideation if they viewed themselves as lower ranked in society and lower risk for suicidal ideation if they viewed themselves as higher ranked in society. Findings have implications for scientific and practical efforts aimed at better understanding and preventing suicide in a high-risk developmental population.

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Why should medical students (not) be recruited to care for patients with COVID-19?

BMC Medical Education ◽

10.1186/s12909-020-02261-8 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 20 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Ivan Bank ◽

Marjo Wijnen-Meijer

Keyword(s):

Young Adults ◽

Risk Factor ◽

Medical Students ◽

Mental Disorders ◽

Medical Care ◽

Well Being ◽

Direct Care ◽

Hygiene Measures ◽

Development Of Anxiety ◽

Mental Well Being

Abstract Worldwide it is being discussed whether medical students might be of help during the present COVID-19 epidemic. Although this question is probably a legitimate one, one should however discuss this thoroughly before deciding whether medical students are to be included in this kind of medical care on a larger scale. Various arguments should be weighted, and potential tasks should be chosen carefully. This period could however be also an opportunity for medical students to learn things they would probably never learn about. Nevertheless, medical students have a deficit concerning knowledge about epidemics, and they are also not really well skilled in many hygiene measures. Furthermore, some of the known medical students’ behaviour could be a risk factor for further spread of the virus as well. Then, young adults are at risk of getting infected themselves. Last but not least, medical students in general are under a great deal of pressure from their studies which could lead to the development of anxiety and other mental disorders. One could only speculate on the effects of this epidemic on their further mental well-being. Therefore, medical students participating in direct care of patients with COVID-19 should first be trained well, and then properly supervised at all times. Only then it might be a really useful and exceptional experience, for healthcare, medical schools as well as for society.

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Prospects for the classification of mental disorders of children and adolescents

European Psychiatry ◽

10.1016/j.eurpsy.2008.07.003 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 23 (7) ◽

pp. 481-485 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

M.H. Schmidt ◽

J. Sinzig

Keyword(s):

Mental Disorders ◽

Children And Adolescents ◽

Classification Systems ◽

General Question ◽

Specific Information ◽

Specific Symptom ◽

Trade Offs ◽

Dimensional Classification ◽

Dsm V

AbstractSuggestions for classification of mental disorders of children and adolescents in DSM-V and ICD-11 have been made, which differ strongly from the current descriptive approach of dimensional classification.These suggestions even comprise a dichotomized system for health care as well as for scientific purposes.Nevertheless it is obvious that we are far behind an “etiological” classification, so that trade-offs have necessarily to be made in DSM-V and ICD-11.Appropriate proposals concern the strict separation of disorders that are typical for children and adolescents as well as for adults.Furthermore a differentiation of diagnosis for infants, toddlers and preschool children is required in both classification systems. As far as it is relevant for treatment, combined diagnosis in DSM-V and subthreshold diagnosis as well as coding-possibilities for findings in molecular biology should be permitted.As personality disorders should only be diagnosed after the age of 16, it is recommended to dimensionally classify personality traits that are pathognomonic for specific symptom patterns and of prognostic relevance.DSM-V and ICD-11 should allow age-specific information on axis-IV. The article discusses the general question of how relational disorders respectively disturbances should be classified and include furthermore special recommendations concerning ICD and DSM categories.

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TERT rs2736100 and TERC rs16847897 genotypes moderate the association between internalizing mental disorders and accelerated telomere length attrition among HIV+ children and adolescents in Uganda

BMC Medical Genomics ◽

10.1186/s12920-020-00857-z ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 14 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Allan Kalungi ◽

Eugene Kinyanda ◽

Jacqueline S. Womersley ◽

Moses L. Joloba ◽

Wilber Ssembajjwe ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mental Disorders ◽

Children And Adolescents ◽

Telomere Length ◽

Cellular Aging ◽

Nucleotide Polymorphisms ◽

Moderating Effects ◽

Post Traumatic Stress ◽

Single Nucleotide ◽

Post Traumatic ◽

Component Gene

Abstract Background Internalizing mental disorders (IMDs) (depression, anxiety and post-traumatic stress disorder) have been associated with accelerated telomere length (TL) attrition; however, this association has not been investigated in the context of genetic variation that has been found to influence TL. We have previously reported an association between IMDs and accelerated TL attrition among Ugandan HIV+ children and adolescents. This study investigated the moderating effects of selected single nucleotide polymorphisms in the telomerase reverse transcriptase gene (TERT) (rs2736100, rs7726159, rs10069690 and rs2853669) and the telomerase RNA component gene (TERC) (rs12696304, rs16847897 and rs10936599) on the association between IMDs and TL, among Ugandan HIV+ children (aged 5–11 years) and adolescents (aged 12–17 years). Results We found no significant interaction between IMDs as a group and any of the selected SNPs on TL at baseline. We observed significant interactions of IMDs with TERT rs2736100 (p = 0.007) and TERC rs16847897 (p = 0.012), respectively, on TL at 12 months. Conclusions TERT rs2736100 and TERC rs16847897 moderate the association between IMDs and TL among Ugandan HIV+ children and adolescents at 12 months. Understanding the nature of this association may shed light on the pathophysiological mechanisms underlying advanced cellular aging in IMDs.

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Are Sleep Problems a Risk Factor for the Onset of Musculoskeletal Pain in Children and Adolescents? A Systematic Review

SLEEP ◽

10.1093/sleep/zsx093 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 40 (7) ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Alessandro Andreucci, MSc ◽

Paul Campbell ◽

Kate M Dunn

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Risk Factor ◽

Children And Adolescents ◽

Musculoskeletal Pain ◽

Sleep Problems

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Risk Factors for the Occurrence and Protraction of Anterior Knee Pain in Children and Adolescents: a Prospective Cohort Study of 3 Years

10.21203/rs.3.rs-1095827/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Manato Horii ◽

Ryuichiro Akagi ◽

Sho Takahashi ◽

Shotaro Watanabe ◽

Yuya Ogawa ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Risk Factor ◽

Cohort Study ◽

Children And Adolescents ◽

Knee Pain ◽

Prospective Cohort Study ◽

Anterior Knee Pain ◽

Prospective Cohort ◽

Activity Level ◽

Anterior Knee

Abstract Background: Anterior knee pain (AKP) is a common limitation to children’s participation in social and physical activities. Therefore, to prevent the occurrence and protraction of AKP, it is crucial to identify risk factors. The purpose of this study was to clarify the factors associated with the occurrence and protraction of AKP in children and adolescents. Method: A three-year prospective cohort study was conducted with children and adolescents aged 8–14 in Japan. We recorded the occurrence of AKP, heel buttock distance, straight leg raising angle (SLRA), dorsiflexion angle of the ankle joint, and the Hospital for Special Surgery Pediatric Functional Activity Brief Scale (HSS Pedi-FABS). Logistic regression analysis was performed to calculate the odds ratio (OR) for each predicted risk factor for the occurrence and protraction of AKP among subjects without AKP at baseline. Results: We recruited 1,254 children and adolescents for the present study, and 1,133 children and adolescents who did not have AKP at baseline were included in the analysis. Six to nine percent of the subjects developed AKP annually. A high HSS Pedi-FABS score significantly predicted AKP occurrence (in 2017, OR 1.07, 95% CI 1.02−1.12, p = 0.003; in 2018, OR 1.05, 95% CI 1.01−1.10, p = 0.025). Of the participants, 32.9% developed chronic AKP during the follow-up period. When 8-year-old was used as a reference age, 13-year-old subjects (right side, OR 2.37, 95% CI, 1.00−5.61, p = 0.05) and 14-year-old subjects (right side, OR 2.57, 95% CI, 1.00−6.60, p = 0.049; left side, OR 6.32; 95% CI 1.33−30.00, p = 0.020) were at a significantly higher risk of AKP protraction. Conclusions: This study showed that a greater physical activity level was a risk factor for the onset of anterior knee pain in childhood. In addition, one-third of the children and adolescents developed chronic knee pain, and elderly adolescents were at a higher risk of protraction.

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Quality Of Life In Caregivers Of Children And Adolescents With Mental Disorders

International Archives of Medicine ◽

10.3823/1894 ◽

2016 ◽

Author(s):

Manuela Carla de Souza Lima Daltro ◽

Elicarlos Marques Nunes ◽

José Cássio de Moraes ◽

Patrícia Martins Montanari ◽

Juliane de Oliveira Costa Nobre ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Quality Of Life ◽

Mental Disorders ◽

Children And Adolescents

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An Overview of International Literature on School Interventions to Promote Mental Health and Well-being in Children and Adolescents

Clinical Practice and Epidemiology in Mental Health ◽

10.2174/1745017901511010016 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

pp. 16-20 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Mauro Giovanni Carta ◽

Teresa Di Fiandra ◽

Lorenzo Rampazzo ◽

Paolo Contu ◽

Antonio Preti

Keyword(s):

Mental Health ◽

Mental Disorders ◽

Children And Adolescents ◽

Mental Health Problems ◽

Well Being ◽

Childhood And Adolescence ◽

International Literature ◽

Special Issue ◽

School Interventions ◽

Health And Wellbeing

Introduction:Mental disorders are the largest cause of the burden of disease in the world. Most of the burden affecting adult life has its onset during childhood and adolescence. The European Pact for Mental Health and Wellbeing calls for immediate action and investments in the mental health of children and adolescents. Schools may be the ideal location for promoting health and delivering healthcare services, since schools are a location where young people usually spend their daytime and socialize, schools are easily accessible to families, can provide non-stigmatizing health actions, and form links with the community.Aims and Goals of this Special Issue:This issue is developed within the framework of the Joint Action on Mental Health promoted by the European Commission. This special issue presents a set of systematic reviews on the evidence of the international literature on school interventions for the promotion of the mental health and wellbeing of children and adolescents. It is focused on five topical main areas: promoting general health and wellbeing; programs targeting specific mental disorders and conditions and integration of adolescents with mental health problems; Bullying; Sport; Alcohol and Drugs. An additional paper on the results of the largest epidemiological study conducted in some European countries on the prevalence and relative risk factors of mental disorders in school-age completes the issue.Conclusion:These reviews are a first contribution to address future European research and interventions, in particular about the multiple ways through which European policies could support the schooling and wellbeing of children and adolescents.

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