Characterization of growth and differentiation of goat limbal adult stem cells in vivo and ex vivo

Cell Research ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 18 (S1) ◽  
pp. S74-S74
Author(s):  
Shengli Mi ◽  
Zhongying Dou ◽  
Qingmei Zhao ◽  
Xueyi Yang ◽  
Lei Qu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Adult Stem Cells ◽  
Ex Vivo

scholarly journals In Vivo Tracking of Murine Adipose Tissue-Derived Multipotent Adult Stem Cells and Ex Vivo Cross-Validation

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chiara Garrovo ◽  
Natascha Bergamin ◽  
Dave Bates ◽  
Daniela Cesselli ◽  
Antonio Paolo Beltrami ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Optical Imaging ◽  
Adult Stem Cells ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Cross Validation ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Imaging Data ◽  
Imaging Results

Stem cells are characterized by the ability to renew themselves and to differentiate into specialized cell types, while stem cell therapy is believed to treat a number of different human diseases through either cell regeneration or paracrine effects. Herein, an in vivo and ex vivo near infrared time domain (NIR TD) optical imaging study was undertaken to evaluate the migratory ability of murine adipose tissue-derived multipotent adult stem cells [mAT-MASC] after intramuscular injection in mice. In vivo NIR TD optical imaging data analysis showed a migration of DiD-labelled mAT-MASC in the leg opposite the injection site, which was confirmed by a fibered confocal microendoscopy system. Ex vivo NIR TD optical imaging results showed a systemic distribution of labelled cells. Considering a potential microenvironmental contamination, a cross-validation study by multimodality approaches was followed: mAT-MASC were isolated from male mice expressing constitutively eGFP, which was detectable using techniques of immunofluorescence and qPCR. Y-chromosome positive cells, injected into wild-type female recipients, were detected by FISH. Cross-validation confirmed the data obtained by in vivo/ex vivo TD optical imaging analysis. In summary, our data demonstrates the usefulness of NIR TD optical imaging in tracking delivered cells, giving insights into the migratory properties of the injected cells.

The use of Peritoneal Mesothelium as a Potential Source of Adult Stem Cells

2007 ◽  
Vol 30 (6) ◽  
pp. 501-512 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Gotloib ◽  
L.C. Gotloib ◽  
V. Khrizman
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Adult Stem Cells ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Medical Profession ◽  
Laboratory Animals ◽  
Main Concept ◽  
Peritoneal Mesothelial Cells ◽  
Peritoneal Mesothelium ◽  
Regenerative Therapies

At the dawn of the 21st century, classical curative medicine is being challenged by the fact that efforts to fight and prevent not a few diseases, are in many circumstances, beyond the power of the pharmacological armamentarium of the medical profession. On the other hand, replacement of lost function by mechanical or biophysical devices, or even by organ transplantation, prolongs life but generally derives in new and, at times, unsolvable problems. Regenerative therapy using stem cells began a revolutionary trend that may well change both the therapeutic approach to not a few of the diseases resulting from failing organs, as well as the fate and quality of life of millions of patients. The presence of pluripotent mesenchymal cells in the mesothelial monolayer as well as in the submesothelial connective tissue raises the possibility of using the peritoneal mesothelium in regenerative therapies. This perception of the problem is also based on observations made in humans as well as in laboratory animals showing bone, bone marrow, cartilaginous tissue, glomerular-like structures and creation of blood conducts, pathological situations (mesothelioma, sclerosing peritonitis), or after in vivo or ex vivo experimental interventions. The main concept emerging from this information is that peritoneal mesothelial cells are endowed with such a degree of plasticity that, if placed in the appropriate micro-environment, they have a remarkable potential to generate other mesenchymal-derived cell lines. Intensive research is required to define the best environmental conditions to take advantage of this plasticity and make the peritoneal mesothelium an actual option to be applied in regenerative medicine.

Strategies to Protect Hematopoietic Stem Cells from Culture-Induced Stress Conditions

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fatima Aerts-Kaya
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Hematopoietic Stem Cells ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Stress Conditions ◽  
Stress Factors ◽  
Hematopoietic Stem ◽  
Induced Stress

: In contrast to their almost unlimited potential for expansion in vivo and despite years of dedicated research and optimization of expansion protocols, the expansion of Hematopoietic Stem Cells (HSCs) in vitro remains remarkably limited. Increased understanding of the mechanisms that are involved in maintenance, expansion and differentiation of HSCs will enable the development of better protocols for expansion of HSCs. This will allow procurement of HSCs with long-term engraftment potential and a better understanding of the effects of the external influences in and on the hematopoietic niche that may affect HSC function. During collection and culture of HSCs, the cells are exposed to suboptimal conditions that may induce different levels of stress and ultimately affect their self-renewal, differentiation and long-term engraftment potential. Some of these stress factors include normoxia, oxidative stress, extra-physiologic oxygen shock/stress (EPHOSS), endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, replicative stress, and stress related to DNA damage. Coping with these stress factors may help reduce the negative effects of cell culture on HSC potential, provide a better understanding of the true impact of certain treatments in the absence of confounding stress factors. This may facilitate the development of better ex vivo expansion protocols of HSCs with long-term engraftment potential without induction of stem cell exhaustion by cellular senescence or loss of cell viability. This review summarizes some of available strategies that may be used to protect HSCs from culture-induced stress conditions.

scholarly journals Dynamic integration of enteric neural stem cells in ex vivo organotypic colon cultures

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Georgina Navoly ◽  
Conor J. McCann
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Neural Stem Cells ◽  
Organotypic Culture ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Donor Cell ◽  
Colonic Tissue ◽  
Cell Therapies ◽  
Enteric Ganglia ◽  
Donor Cells

AbstractEnteric neural stem cells (ENSC) have been identified as a possible treatment for enteric neuropathies. After in vivo transplantation, ENSC and their derivatives have been shown to engraft within colonic tissue, migrate and populate endogenous ganglia, and functionally integrate with the enteric nervous system. However, the mechanisms underlying the integration of donor ENSC, in recipient tissues, remain unclear. Therefore, we aimed to examine ENSC integration using an adapted ex vivo organotypic culture system. Donor ENSC were obtained from Wnt1cre/+;R26RYFP/YFP mice allowing specific labelling, selection and fate-mapping of cells. YFP+ neurospheres were transplanted to C57BL6/J (6–8-week-old) colonic tissue and maintained in organotypic culture for up to 21 days. We analysed and quantified donor cell integration within recipient tissues at 7, 14 and 21 days, along with assessing the structural and molecular consequences of ENSC integration. We found that organotypically cultured tissues were well preserved up to 21-days in ex vivo culture, which allowed for assessment of donor cell integration after transplantation. Donor ENSC-derived cells integrated across the colonic wall in a dynamic fashion, across a three-week period. Following transplantation, donor cells displayed two integrative patterns; longitudinal migration and medial invasion which allowed donor cells to populate colonic tissue. Moreover, significant remodelling of the intestinal ECM and musculature occurred upon transplantation, to facilitate donor cell integration within endogenous enteric ganglia. These results provide critical evidence on the timescale and mechanisms, which regulate donor ENSC integration, within recipient gut tissue, which are important considerations in the future clinical translation of stem cell therapies for enteric disease.

scholarly journals Consequences of SUR2[A478V] Mutation in Skeletal Muscle of Murine Model of Cantu Syndrome

Cells ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 1791
Author(s):  
Rosa Scala ◽  
Fatima Maqoud ◽  
Nicola Zizzo ◽  
Giuseppe Passantino ◽  
Antonietta Mele ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Katp Channel ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Channel Modulation ◽  
Flexor Digitorum Brevis ◽  
Inflammatory Edema ◽  
Flexor Digitorum ◽  
Channel Currents

(1) Background: Cantu syndrome (CS) arises from gain-of-function (GOF) mutations in the ABCC9 and KCNJ8 genes, which encode ATP-sensitive K+ (KATP) channel subunits SUR2 and Kir6.1, respectively. Most CS patients have mutations in SUR2, the major component of skeletal muscle KATP, but the consequences of SUR2 GOF in skeletal muscle are unknown. (2) Methods: We performed in vivo and ex vivo characterization of skeletal muscle in heterozygous SUR2[A478V] (SUR2wt/AV) and homozygous SUR2[A478V] (SUR2AV/AV) CS mice. (3) Results: In SUR2wt/AV and SUR2AV/AV mice, forelimb strength and diaphragm amplitude movement were reduced; muscle echodensity was enhanced. KATP channel currents recorded in Flexor digitorum brevis fibers showed reduced MgATP-sensitivity in SUR2wt/AV, dramatically so in SUR2AV/AV mice; IC50 for MgATP inhibition of KATP currents were 1.9 ± 0.5 × 10−5 M in SUR2wt/AV and 8.6 ± 0.4 × 10−6 M in WT mice and was not measurable in SUR2AV/AV. A slight rightward shift of sensitivity to inhibition by glibenclamide was detected in SUR2AV/AV mice. Histopathological and qPCR analysis revealed atrophy of soleus and tibialis anterior muscles and up-regulation of atrogin-1 and MuRF1 mRNA in CS mice. (4) Conclusions: SUR2[A478V] “knock-in” mutation in mice impairs KATP channel modulation by MgATP, markedly so in SUR2AV/AV, with atrophy and non-inflammatory edema in different skeletal muscle phenotypes.

scholarly journals Characterization of Intrinsically Radiolabeled Poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) Nanoparticles for ex Vivo Autologous Cell Labeling and in Vivo Tracking

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Massis Krekorian ◽  
Gerwin G. W. Sandker ◽  
Kimberley R. G. Cortenbach ◽  
Oya Tagit ◽  
N. Koen van Riessen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Glycolic Acid ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Cell Labeling ◽  
Autologous Cell

scholarly journals Characterization of the Differentiation and Leptin Secretion Profile of Adult Stem Cells on Patterned Polylactide Films

2009 ◽  
Vol 20 (7-8) ◽  
pp. 1163-1177 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aditya Chaubey ◽  
Kevin J. Ross ◽  
Malcolm R. Leadbetter ◽  
Cheryl T. Gomillion ◽  
Karen J. L. Burg
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Adult Stem Cells ◽  
Secretion Profile

About Puncture Testing Applied for Mechanical Characterization of Fetal Membranes

2014 ◽  
Vol 136 (11) ◽  
Author(s):  
Wilfried Bürzle ◽  
Edoardo Mazza ◽  
John J. Moore
Keyword(s):  
Deformation Behavior ◽  
Mechanical Characterization ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Fetal Membrane ◽  
Membrane Rupture ◽  
Resistance To Deformation ◽  
Ex Vivo Testing ◽  
Insight Into

Puncture testing has been applied in several studies for the mechanical characterization of human fetal membrane (FM) tissue, and significant knowledge has been gained from these investigations. When comparing results of mechanical testing (puncture, inflation, and uniaxial tension), we have observed discrepancies in the rupture sequence of FM tissue and significant differences in the deformation behavior. This study was undertaken to clarify these discrepancies. Puncture experiments on FM samples were performed to reproduce previous findings, and numerical simulations were carried out to rationalize particular aspects of membrane failure. The results demonstrate that both rupture sequence and resistance to deformation depend on the samples' fixation. Soft fixation leads to slippage in the clamping, which reduces mechanical loading of the amnion layer and results in chorion rupturing first. Conversely, the stiffer, stronger, and less extensible amnion layer fails first if tight fixation is used. The results provide a novel insight into the interpretation of ex vivo testing as well as in vivo membrane rupture.

scholarly journals Mesenchymal stem cells accelerated growth and metastasis of neuroblastoma and preferentially homed towards both primary and metastatic loci in orthotopic neuroblastoma model

BMC Cancer ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiao-Le Yu ◽  
Shing Chan ◽  
Marcus Kwong-Lam Fung ◽  
Godfrey Chi-Fung Chan
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Primary Tumor ◽  
Imaging System ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Tumor Formation ◽  
Human Neuroblastoma Cell ◽  
Fluorescence Signal ◽  
Human Neuroblastoma

Abstract Background Majority of neuroblastoma patients develop metastatic disease at diagnosis and their prognosis is poor with current therapeutic approach. Major challenges are how to tackle the mechanisms responsible for tumorigenesis and metastasis. Human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) may be actively involved in the constitution of cancer microenvironment. Methods An orthotopic neuroblastoma murine model was utilized to mimic the clinical scenario. Human neuroblastoma cell line SK-N-LP was transfected with luciferase gene, which were inoculated with/without hMSCs into the adrenal area of SCID-beige mice. The growth and metastasis of neuroblastoma was observed by using Xenogen IVIS 100 in vivo imaging and evaluating gross tumors ex vivo. The homing of hMSCs towards tumor was analyzed by tracing fluorescence signal tagged on hMSCs using CRI Maestro™ imaging system. Results hMSCs mixed with neuroblastoma cells significantly accelerated tumor growth and apparently enhanced metastasis of neuroblastoma in vivo. hMSCs could be recruited by primary tumor and also become part of the tumor microenvironment in the metastatic lesion. The metastatic potential was consistently reduced in lung and tumor when hMSCs were pre-treated with stromal cell derived factor-1 (SDF-1) blocker, AMD3100, suggesting that the SDF-1/CXCR4 axis was one of the prime movers in the metastatic process. Conclusions hMSCs accelerated and facilitated tumor formation, growth and metastasis. Furthermore, the homing propensity of hMSCs towards both primary tumor and metastatic loci can also provide new therapeutic insights in utilizing bio-engineered hMSCs as vehicles for targeted anti-cancer therapy.

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