Daily briefing: Vast landscape of ancient stone structures discovered

Nature ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Flora Graham
Keyword(s):  
Stone Structures

Excavation of a Bronze Age Unenclosed Cemetery, Cairns, and Field Boundaries at Eaglestone Flat, Curbar, Derbyshire, 1984, 1989–1990

1994 ◽  
Vol 60 (1) ◽  
pp. 287-370 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Barnatt ◽  
Pauline Beswick ◽  
Frank M. Chambers ◽  
John Evans ◽  
Daryl Garton ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bronze Age ◽  
Extended Period ◽  
Environmental Data ◽  
Direct Association ◽  
Open Ground ◽  
Field Boundaries ◽  
Field Systems ◽  
Peak District ◽  
Stone Structures

Excavations at Eaglestone Flat, on the gritstone eastern uplands of the Peak District, have revealed a Bronze Age cremation cemetery associated with a number of contemporaneous stone structures built for ritual and agricultural purposes. Some of the burials were within urns, mostly cordoned. Others were simply placed in pits whilst still hot. A minority were deposited in direct association with small cairns, either placed under or within them. The majority were on open ground near the stone features and adjacent to the upslope edge of a prehistoric field. Most of the stone structures are clearance features associated with the preparation and cultivation of the land close by over an extended period. They are found in a complex palimpsest, which includes structures of unusual design, such as retained rectangular platforms, and discontinuous walls that were only ever 1–2 courses high and probably surmounted by low banks. A series of radiocarbon results adds to knowledge of the date at which Peak District cairnftelds and field systems were built. Environmental data allows vegetational sequences to be reconstructed.

Estimation Residual Resource of Unreinforced Stone Structures by Changing the Parameters Masonry

2021 ◽  
pp. 335-346
Author(s):  
Dmitry Korolkov ◽  
Galina Bolodyan ◽  
Marina Gravit
Keyword(s):  
Stone Structures

Built Words

2020 ◽  
pp. 87-112
Author(s):  
Natalie Pollard
Keyword(s):  
Reading Engagement ◽  
Close Attention ◽  
Design Models ◽  
Word And Image ◽  
Words And Images ◽  
Human Embodiment ◽  
Stone Structures

Chapter 2 explores the hybrid poetry and artwork of David Jones, a figure often identified as late modernist. With close attention to the interplay of word and image in The Anathemata (1952), it analyses Jones’s use of illustration and inscription, divine and human embodiment, and vulnerable built and printed material—especially his depiction of crumbling theological structures, Greek and Roman statues, and medieval city fortifications. Focusing on the colloquy of material across forms, this chapter shows how columns and stone structures in Jones’s poetry propel audiences between word and matter, demanding new modes of corporeal reading engagement. It also considers the architecture of the page, and the design models that inform the late modernist text’s inscriptions, words, and images.

Preliminary Survey in the Wadi Abu Had, Eastern Desert, 1992

1994 ◽  
Vol 80 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-44 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ann Bomann ◽  
Robert Young
Keyword(s):  
Near East ◽  
Eastern Desert ◽  
Archaeological Survey ◽  
Preliminary Survey ◽  
The Holocene ◽  
Lower Palaeolithic ◽  
Stone Structures ◽  
Rock Shelters

A report of the preliminary archaeological survey carried out during 1992 in the Wadi Abu Had in the Eastern Desert. Its main objective was to discover a secondary route in the less well-known areas of the Eastern Desert that could provide a link between Egypt and the Near East. The topographical layout of the region was examined and evidence sought on inhabitants, either itinerant or semi-nomadic, who might have occupied this area at various stages of prehistoric and historic Egypt. Large scatters of flint and knapping sites were discovered, dating from the Lower Palaeolithic to the Holocene. Additionally, stone structures varying from desert hearths, road markers, and small cairns to rock shelters were sighted, together with Bedouin remains and sherd scatters.

scholarly journals Thermal Infrared Radiation and Laser Ultrasound for Deformation and Water Saturation Effects Testing in Limestone

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (24) ◽  
pp. 4036
Author(s):  
Alexander Kravcov ◽  
Elena Cherepetskaya ◽  
Pavel Svoboda ◽  
Dmitry Blokhin ◽  
Pavel Ivanov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Saturation ◽  
Structural Features ◽  
Technical Condition ◽  
Natural Stone ◽  
Laser Ultrasound ◽  
Engineering Structures ◽  
Quartz Content ◽  
Saturation Effects ◽  
Water Saturated ◽  
Stone Structures

During the operation of engineering structures made of natural stone, for industrial and civil purposes, an important parameter in monitoring their technical condition is the assessment of their reliability and safety under the influence of various external influences. In this case, high-quality monitoring of the stress–strain state of natural stone structures, its physical, mechanical and filtration properties, as well as internal structural features is necessary to study the possibility of replacing individual elements of objects that have lost their original characteristics. To assess the state of geomaterials, this article proposes using a complex of introscopic methods, including infrared radiometry and laser-ultrasound structuroscopy. An important aspect is the calculation based on the Green–Christoffel equation of the velocity of a quasi-longitudinal wave in limestone consisting of densely packed, chaotically oriented calcite grains with a small quartz content. For the first time, using laser-ultrasonic structuroscopy and standard methods for determining open porosity, both total and closed porosity were determined. This allowed us to find the values of specific heat capacities of dry and water-saturated samples. The obtained values are used to find the ratio of changes in the temperature of dry and water-saturated samples at the same stress values. The results obtained demonstrate the need to take into account changes in the intensity of thermal radiation of limestone with different moisture content under conditions of uniaxial compression, when identifying changes in the stress state of elements of stone structures in real conditions.

The architecture at three Saqqaq sites in the Nuuk Fjord, Greenland

2005 ◽  
Vol 27 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 329-346 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Hinnerson Berglund
Keyword(s):  
West Coast ◽  
The West ◽  
Stone Structures

Abstract This article presents the architecture at three Saqqaq sites in the Nuuk Fjord on the West Coast of Greenland. The focus is on the architecture: box hearths, an axial feature and a boulder hearth will be described and accounted for by figures and measurements. Attention will also be paid to the distribution of artifacts, since these configurations might complement the evidence from stone structures when estimating the limits of a specific dwelling. By positioning the structures in the landscape, it will be underlined that architecture is a part of the natural surroundings and vice versa.

Engineering design. Reinforced concrete and stone structures

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Татьяна Ксенофонтова ◽  
Tatiana Ksenofontova ◽  
Марина Чумичева ◽  
Marina Chumicheva
Keyword(s):  
Reinforced Concrete ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Retaining Walls ◽  
Educational Process ◽  
Engineering Structures ◽  
Normative Documents ◽  
Stone Materials ◽  
Long Term Experience ◽  
Stone Structures

The textbook outlines the basics of calculation and design of reinforced concrete and stone structures in accordance with published normative documents SP 63.13330.2012 "Concrete and reinforced concrete structures. Basic provisions "and SP 15.13330.2012" Stone and armokamennye design". It considers the physical and mechanical properties of concrete, rebar, stone materials, reflects the modern classes of reinforcement used in construction, their characteristics and range. Much attention is paid to the calculation and design of water facilities, as well as environmental structures and structures in contact with the soil, such as retaining walls, underground concrete tanks for drinking water, reinforced concrete pipelines. The textbook reflects the long-term experience of teaching the authors of the discipline " Engineering structures "section" reinforced Concrete and stone structures". With this in mind, it provides many illustrations and explanations, and there are examples of calculation in the annexes. The textbook is written in accordance with the requirements of GEF VPO three plus and can be recommended for use in the educational process for the preparation of bachelors in areas 08.03.01 — "Construction", 20.03.02 — "environmental management and water use", 20.03.01 — "Technosphere safety" profile "environmental Engineering".

Mechanical Behavior of Anchorages for Reinforcing Marine Stone Structures Subjected to Sea Waves

2011 ◽  
Vol 23 (5) ◽  
pp. 682-691 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. Lombillo ◽  
C. Thomas ◽  
L. Villegas ◽  
J. A. Polanco ◽  
J. Setién ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Behavior ◽  
Sea Waves ◽  
Stone Structures

Visualization of diffusion phenomena in porous media by means of X-ray computed tomography (CT) scanning

2015 ◽  
Vol 52 (10) ◽  
pp. 1448-1456 ◽  
Author(s):  
Akira Sato ◽  
Koichi Ikeda
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Porous Materials ◽  
Diffusion Coefficients ◽  
Image Data ◽  
Ct Scanning ◽  
One Dimensional ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Water Permeation ◽  
X Ray Computed ◽  
Stone Structures

The migration of water and contamination materials in rock structures is a significant issue in projects that utilize deep underground locations such as “carbon-dioxide capture and storage” (CCS) and disposal of high-level nuclear waste. These phenomena are also important in the area of preservation of stone structures of cultural heritage signficance, as such stone structures are usually located outside, exposed to wind and rain. The migration of contamination materials in the underground environment, especially in porous rock mass, is governed mainly by water permeation and diffusion. In this study, one-dimensional diffusion testing was conducted and the process in the porous materials was visualized by X-ray computed tomography (CT) scanning. Diffusion is the process caused by the concentrate or density gradient, and is a suitable phenomenon for X-ray CT analysis. In this paper, information related to diffusion is extracted from X-ray CT image data and the distribution of concentration is estimated. From the obtained density distribution, diffusion coefficients are evaluated. One-dimensional permeation tests were also conducted and intrinsic permeabilities of porous materials are evaluated, then the relation between diffusion coefficients and intrinsic permeability is discussed.

scholarly journals Archaeological Excavations along the Wall of the Outer City (Sverdlov street) in Pskov, 2017-2018

2021 ◽  
pp. 24-52
Author(s):  
М. И. Кулакова ◽  
М. А. Васильев ◽  
Р. Г. Подгорная
Keyword(s):  
Summer Season ◽  
Archaeological Research ◽  
Archaeological Excavation ◽  
Stages Of Development ◽  
Archaeological Excavations ◽  
Stone Structures

С осени 2017 г. и до конца летнего сезона 2018 г. на ул. Свердлова в г. Пскове проводились археологические исследования, которые предваряли замену или строительство новых участков инженерных коммуникаций на ул. Свердлова и прилегающих улицах: Музейный, Комсомольский, Комисаровский переулки, ул. Спегальского. Общая площадь исследований - 2911 кв. м (с учетом участков археологического наблюдения), в том числе площадь археологических раскопок - 1772 кв. м. Археологические работы на протяженном участке позволили сделать ряд выводов об этапах освоения и застройки участка современной ул. Свердлова. К этапам освоения можно отнести и раскрытые в двух раскопах участки средневековых монастырских некрополей. На раскопах у крепостной стены Окольного города на отдельных участках исследованы каменные конструкции фундаментов XV-XVI вв. и на одном участке - остатки первоначальной деревянной стены XV в. From the autumn of 2017 until the end of the summer season of 2018, archaeological research in Sverdlov Street in Pskov, which preceded the replacement or construction of new sections of engineering communications in Sverdlov and the adjacent Spegalsky street and lanes: Museiny, Komsomolsky and Komisarovsky was carried out. The total area under study is 2911 sq. m (including archaeological observation sites). The area of archaeological excavation is 1772 sq. m. The archaeological research of the extended site allowed us to study and draw a number of conclusions about the stages of development and building of the part of the modern Sverdlov street. The sites of medieval monastic necropolises uncovered in two excavations can also be attributed to the stages of the street development. During the excavations at the parts of the fortress wall of the Outer city stone structures of the foundations of the 15 - 16centuries and in one part of the area the remains of the original wooden wall of the 15century were studied.

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