scholarly journals Effect of a relatively high-protein, high-fiber diet on body composition and metabolic risk factors in overweight women

2010 ◽  
Vol 64 (11) ◽  
pp. 1323-1331 ◽  
Author(s):  
L Te Morenga ◽  
S Williams ◽  
R Brown ◽  
J Mann
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Metabolic Risk Factors ◽  
High Protein ◽  
Metabolic Risk ◽  
High Fiber ◽  
Overweight Women ◽  
Fiber Diet ◽  
High Fiber Diet

scholarly journals Effect of a relatively high-protein, high-fiber diet on body composition and metabolic risk factors in overweight women

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
LT Morenga ◽  
S Williams ◽  
R Brown ◽  
J Mann
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Energy Intake ◽  
Energy Restriction ◽  
Metabolic Risk Factors ◽  
High Protein ◽  
Dietary Advice ◽  
Standard Diet ◽  
Metabolic Risk ◽  
High Fiber

Background:Obesity and its comorbidities are worldwide problems. Approaches to reducing obesity and its associated metabolic derangements typically emphasize fat and energy restriction, but for many achieving and maintaining weight loss is difficult. Diets that focus on substantially altering macronutrient distribution rather than energy restriction are promising alternatives, but have generally included large amounts of protein, fiber or fat.Objective:To compare the effects of dietary advice including moderate increases in protein and fiber without specifying energy intake with standard low-fat, high-carbohydrate dietary recommendations on body composition and metabolic risk factors.Methods:89 overweight or obese women aged 18-65 years were randomized to either a standard diet that was intended to be low in fat and relatively high in carbohydrate (n42) or to a relatively high-protein (up to 30% of energy), relatively high-fiber (> 35 g per day; HPHF) diet (n = 47) for 10 weeks. Advice regarding strict adherence to energy intake goals was not given.Results:Participants on the HPHF diet lost more body weight (1.3 kg; 95% CI, 0.7, 1.9; P > 0.0001), total fat (1.0 kg; 95% CI, 0.2, 1.8; P > 0.0001) and truncal fat (0.7 kg; 95% CI, 0.1, 1.3; P0.034) than participants on the standard diet. Total cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol were also significantly lower after the HPHF diet.Conclusion:An ad libitum diet relatively high in both protein and fiber improved body composition and metabolic risk factors compared with standard dietary advice. © 2010 Macmillan Publishers Limited All rights reserved.

scholarly journals Effect of a relatively high-protein, high-fiber diet on body composition and metabolic risk factors in overweight women

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
LT Morenga ◽  
S Williams ◽  
R Brown ◽  
J Mann
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Energy Intake ◽  
Energy Restriction ◽  
Metabolic Risk Factors ◽  
High Protein ◽  
Dietary Advice ◽  
Standard Diet ◽  
Metabolic Risk ◽  
High Fiber

Background:Obesity and its comorbidities are worldwide problems. Approaches to reducing obesity and its associated metabolic derangements typically emphasize fat and energy restriction, but for many achieving and maintaining weight loss is difficult. Diets that focus on substantially altering macronutrient distribution rather than energy restriction are promising alternatives, but have generally included large amounts of protein, fiber or fat.Objective:To compare the effects of dietary advice including moderate increases in protein and fiber without specifying energy intake with standard low-fat, high-carbohydrate dietary recommendations on body composition and metabolic risk factors.Methods:89 overweight or obese women aged 18-65 years were randomized to either a standard diet that was intended to be low in fat and relatively high in carbohydrate (n42) or to a relatively high-protein (up to 30% of energy), relatively high-fiber (> 35 g per day; HPHF) diet (n = 47) for 10 weeks. Advice regarding strict adherence to energy intake goals was not given.Results:Participants on the HPHF diet lost more body weight (1.3 kg; 95% CI, 0.7, 1.9; P > 0.0001), total fat (1.0 kg; 95% CI, 0.2, 1.8; P > 0.0001) and truncal fat (0.7 kg; 95% CI, 0.1, 1.3; P0.034) than participants on the standard diet. Total cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol were also significantly lower after the HPHF diet.Conclusion:An ad libitum diet relatively high in both protein and fiber improved body composition and metabolic risk factors compared with standard dietary advice. © 2010 Macmillan Publishers Limited All rights reserved.

scholarly journals PSXI-33 Effects of weight loss and feeding a high-protein, high-fiber diet on blood metabolite profiles, body composition and voluntary physical activity in overweight dogs

2020 ◽  
Vol 98 (Supplement_4) ◽  
pp. 318-319
Author(s):  
Thunyaporn Phungviwatnikul ◽  
Sara E Belchik ◽  
Kelly S Swanson
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Weight Loss ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
High Protein ◽  
High Fiber ◽  
Lean Muscle Mass ◽  
Fiber Diet ◽  
Voluntary Physical Activity ◽  
High Fiber Diet ◽  
Over Time

Abstract Canine obesity can be managed by dietary energy restriction using a specifically formulated weight loss diet. The objective of this study was to determine the effects of weight loss on body composition, voluntary physical activity, and blood metabolites of overweight dogs while being fed a high-protein, high-fiber diet. All procedures were approved by the University of Illinois Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee prior to experimentation. Twelve overweight adult spayed female dogs (BW: 15.3±2.1 kg, BCS: 8.1±0.6) were fed a high-protein (CP: 42.0% DMB), high-fiber (TDF: 22.0% DMB) diet during a 5-wk baseline phase (wk 0) to identify food intake needed to maintain BW. A 24-wk weight loss phase followed. After wk 0, food was initially provided at 80% the amount needed to maintain BW and then adjusted weekly with a goal of 1.5–2% weight loss per wk. Data were analyzed statistically overtime using SAS 9.4. After 24 wk, dogs lost 31.2% of initial BW (P < 0.0001), with 1.4±0.7% weight loss per wk. BCS decreased by 2.8 units (P < 0.0001). During weight loss, dogs consumed an average of 457.5±61.4 kcal/d, with energy intake being reduced by a total of 43.8% by wk 24 compared to baseline. Lean muscle mass, fat mass, and fat percentage were reduced (P < 0.0001) by 1.3 kg, 3.1 kg, and 11.7% respectively. Serum triglycerides, alkaline phosphatase, white blood cell counts, and neutrophils were decreased (P < 0.0001), but serum bilirubin, creatinine, and blood urea nitrogen were increased (P < 0.01) over time. Average daily physical activity changed over time, but was not greatly different due to weight loss. Our results suggest that a high-protein, high-fiber diet promotes fat mass loss, minimizes lean muscle mass loss, and reduces inflammatory marker and triglyceride concentrations in overweight dogs. Therefore, it is a suitable nutritional solution for weight loss programs in dogs.

scholarly journals PSIII-35 Effects of dietary macronutrient profile on apparent total tract macronutrient digestibility and fecal metabolites of female dogs after spay surgery

2019 ◽  
Vol 97 (Supplement_3) ◽  
pp. 274-274
Author(s):  
Thunyaporn Phungviwatnikul ◽  
Helen Valentine ◽  
Fei He ◽  
Kelly S Swanson
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Energy Content ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Companion Animals ◽  
Chain Fatty Acid ◽  
High Protein ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
High Fiber ◽  
Fiber Diet ◽  
High Fiber Diet

Abstract Obesity reduces the quality and length of life of companion animals. Spaying increases risk, but dietary modification may attenuate obesity and related co-morbidities. The objective of this study was to determine the effects of specially formulated diets on apparent total tract macronutrient digestibility (ATTD) and fecal metabolites of female dogs after spay surgery. All procedures were approved by the University of Illinois Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee prior to experimentation. Twenty-four dogs were spayed and randomly allotted to three experimental diets: 1) moderate-protein, moderate-fiber diet (control; COSP), 2) high-protein, high-fiber diet (HP-HF), or 3) high-protein, high-fiber diet plus omega-3 fats (HP-HF-O). Four dogs were sham-operated and fed the control diet (COSH). Dogs were fed to maintain BW for 12 weeks after spay, then allowed to consume twice that amount for another 12 weeks. Change from baseline data were analyzed statistically, with P < 0.05 being significantly different. Food intake in dogs fed HP-HF or HP-HF-O was greater than COSH dogs, but COSP dogs were intermediate. Fat and organic matter digestibilities were lower in dogs fed HP-HF or HP-HF-O compared with COSH and COSP dogs. Fecal dry matter percentage and volume increases were greater in HP-HF and HP-HF-O dogs than COSH and COSP dogs. HP-HF and HP-HF-O dogs had higher fecal acetate than COSH or COSP dogs. Fecal butyrate tended to be greater (P = 0.08) in HP-HF dogs than COSH dogs. COSH and HP-HF-O dogs had lower fecal valerate than COSP dogs, while fecal ammonia tended to be higher (P = 0.05) in HP-HF-O than COSP and HP-HF dogs. Fecal total short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) increases in HP-HF-O dogs were higher than COSH dogs. Our results indicate that a high-protein, high-fiber diet can reduce energy content by reducing fat digestibility without affecting protein digestibility, modulate fecal SCFA concentrations, and decrease fecal branched-chain fatty acid.

scholarly journals Effects of diet on body weight, body composition, metabolic status, and physical activity levels of adult female dogs after spay surgery

2020 ◽  
Vol 98 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Thunyaporn Phungviwatnikul ◽  
Helen Valentine ◽  
Maria R C de Godoy ◽  
Kelly S Swanson
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Treatment Time ◽  
High Fiber ◽  
Fiber Diet ◽  
Feeding Regimen ◽  
High Fiber Diet ◽  
Blood Hormones

Abstract Neutering is a risk factor for pet obesity, which reduces the quality and length of life. Dietary interventions may serve as preventive and therapeutic options for pet obesity. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of specially formulated diets on body weight (BW), body composition, and blood hormones and metabolites of adult female dogs after spay surgery. All procedures were approved by the University of Illinois Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee prior to experimentation. Twenty-eight healthy adult intact female Beagles (3.02 ± 0.7 yr; 10.28 ± 0.8 kg; body condition score [BCS]: 4.98 ± 0.57) were used in a longitudinal study. Twenty-four dogs were spayed and randomly allotted to one of three experimental diets: 1) moderate-protein, moderate-fiber diet (control; COSP), 2) high-protein, high-fiber diet (HP-HF), or 3) high-protein, high-fiber diet plus omega-3 and medium-chain fatty acids (HP-HF-O). Four dogs were sham-operated and fed the control diet (COSH). Food intake, BW, BCS, blood hormones and metabolites, body composition (via dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry scans), and voluntary physical activity (via Actical devices) were measured over time. After spay, dogs were fed to maintain BW for 12 wk (restricted phase), then allowed to overeat for 12 wk (ad libitum phase). Change from baseline data was analyzed for treatment, time, and treatment × time effects as well as treatment, feeding regimen, and treatment × feeding regimen effects. During the first 12 wk, HP-HF and HP-HF-O had lower (P < 0.01) blood cholesterol than COSH and COSP. During the second 12 wk, HP-HF and HP-HF-O ate more (P < 0.01) food (g/d) than COSH. BCS change for COSP was greater (P < 0.01) than COSH from week 21 to 24, but HP-HF and HP-HF-O were not different. When comparing data by feeding regimen, HP-HF and HP-HF-O had a greater reduction in serum cholesterol (P < 0.001) than COSH and COSP. During the second 12 wk, all spayed dogs consumed more (P < 0.01) food than COSH. However, COSH, HP-HF, and HP-HF-O had a lower (P < 0.001) increase in BCS than COSP. HP-HF-O and COSH had similar serum leptin during weeks 12 to 24. COSP had higher (P ≤ 0.01) serum C-reactive protein than HP-HF-O. Overall, body fat increase in COSP was greater (P < 0.05) than for COSH at week 24, while HP-HF and HP-HF-O were intermediate. Our results indicate that an HP-HF diet can limit weight gain and body fat increase and attenuate serum cholesterol, triglycerides, and leptin concentrations in dogs after spay surgery.

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