scholarly journals PSXI-33 Effects of weight loss and feeding a high-protein, high-fiber diet on blood metabolite profiles, body composition and voluntary physical activity in overweight dogs

2020 ◽  
Vol 98 (Supplement_4) ◽  
pp. 318-319
Author(s):  
Thunyaporn Phungviwatnikul ◽  
Sara E Belchik ◽  
Kelly S Swanson
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Weight Loss ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
High Protein ◽  
High Fiber ◽  
Lean Muscle Mass ◽  
Fiber Diet ◽  
Voluntary Physical Activity ◽  
High Fiber Diet ◽  
Over Time

Abstract Canine obesity can be managed by dietary energy restriction using a specifically formulated weight loss diet. The objective of this study was to determine the effects of weight loss on body composition, voluntary physical activity, and blood metabolites of overweight dogs while being fed a high-protein, high-fiber diet. All procedures were approved by the University of Illinois Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee prior to experimentation. Twelve overweight adult spayed female dogs (BW: 15.3±2.1 kg, BCS: 8.1±0.6) were fed a high-protein (CP: 42.0% DMB), high-fiber (TDF: 22.0% DMB) diet during a 5-wk baseline phase (wk 0) to identify food intake needed to maintain BW. A 24-wk weight loss phase followed. After wk 0, food was initially provided at 80% the amount needed to maintain BW and then adjusted weekly with a goal of 1.5–2% weight loss per wk. Data were analyzed statistically overtime using SAS 9.4. After 24 wk, dogs lost 31.2% of initial BW (P < 0.0001), with 1.4±0.7% weight loss per wk. BCS decreased by 2.8 units (P < 0.0001). During weight loss, dogs consumed an average of 457.5±61.4 kcal/d, with energy intake being reduced by a total of 43.8% by wk 24 compared to baseline. Lean muscle mass, fat mass, and fat percentage were reduced (P < 0.0001) by 1.3 kg, 3.1 kg, and 11.7% respectively. Serum triglycerides, alkaline phosphatase, white blood cell counts, and neutrophils were decreased (P < 0.0001), but serum bilirubin, creatinine, and blood urea nitrogen were increased (P < 0.01) over time. Average daily physical activity changed over time, but was not greatly different due to weight loss. Our results suggest that a high-protein, high-fiber diet promotes fat mass loss, minimizes lean muscle mass loss, and reduces inflammatory marker and triglyceride concentrations in overweight dogs. Therefore, it is a suitable nutritional solution for weight loss programs in dogs.

Weight Loss and High-Protein, High-Fiber Diet Consumption Impact Blood Metabolite Profiles, Body Composition, Voluntary Physical Activity, Fecal Microbiota, and Fecal Metabolites of Adult Dogs

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thunyaporn Phungviwatnikul ◽  
Anne H Lee ◽  
Sara E Belchik ◽  
Jan S Suchodolski ◽  
Kelly S Swanson
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Weight Loss ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Mass Loss ◽  
Fat Mass ◽  
Fecal Microbiota ◽  
Restricted Feeding ◽  
High Fiber ◽  
Voluntary Physical Activity ◽  
Over Time

Abstract Canine obesity is associated with reduced lifespan and metabolic dysfunction, but can be managed by dietary intervention. This study aimed to determine the effects of restricted feeding of a high-protein, high-fiber (HPHF) diet and weight loss on body composition, physical activity, blood metabolites, and fecal microbiota and metabolites of overweight dogs. Twelve spayed female dogs [age: 5.5±1.1 yr; body weight (BW): 14.8±2.0 kg, body condition score (BCS): 7.9±0.8] were fed a HPHF diet during a 4-wk baseline phase to maintain BW. After baseline (wk 0), dogs were first fed 80% of baseline intake and then adjusted to target 1.5% weekly weight loss for 24 wk. Body composition using dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry and blood samples (wk 0, 6, 12, 18, 24), voluntary physical activity (wk 0, 7, 15, 23), and fresh fecal samples for microbiota and metabolite analysis (wk 0, 4, 8, 12, 16, 20, 24) were measured over time. Microbiota data were analyzed using QIIME 2. All data were analyzed statistically over time using SAS 9.4. After 24 wk, dogs lost 31.2% of initial BW and had 1.43±0.73% weight loss per wk. BCS decreased (P<0.0001) by 2.7 units, fat mass decreased (P<0.0001) by 3.1 kg, and fat percentage decreased (P<0.0001) by 3.1 kg and 11.7% with weight loss. Many serum metabolites and hormones were altered, with triglycerides, leptin, insulin, C-reactive protein, and interleukin-6 decreasing (P<0.05) with weight loss. Relative abundances of fecal Bifidobacterium, Coriobacteriaceae UCG-002, undefined Muribaculaceae, Allobaculum, Eubacterium, Lachnospira, Negativivibacillus, Ruminococcus gauvreauii group, uncultured Erysipelotrichaceae, and Parasutterella increased (P<0.05), whereas Prevotellaceae Ga6A1 group, Catenibacterium, Erysipelatoclostridium, Fusobacterium, Holdemanella, Lachnoclostridium, Lactobacillus, Megamonas, Peptoclostridium, Ruminococcus gnavus group, and Streptococcus decreased (P<0.01) with weight loss. Despite the number of significant changes, a state of dysbiosis was not observed in overweight dogs. Fecal ammonia and secondary bile acids decreased, while fecal valerate increased with weight loss. Several correlations between gut microbial taxa and biological parameters were observed. Our results suggest that restricted feeding of a HPHF diet and weight loss promotes fat mass loss, minimizes lean mass loss, reduces inflammatory marker and triglyceride concentrations, and modulates fecal microbiota phylogeny and activity in overweight dogs.

scholarly journals Effects of diet on body weight, body composition, metabolic status, and physical activity levels of adult female dogs after spay surgery

2020 ◽  
Vol 98 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Thunyaporn Phungviwatnikul ◽  
Helen Valentine ◽  
Maria R C de Godoy ◽  
Kelly S Swanson
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Treatment Time ◽  
High Fiber ◽  
Fiber Diet ◽  
Feeding Regimen ◽  
High Fiber Diet ◽  
Blood Hormones

Abstract Neutering is a risk factor for pet obesity, which reduces the quality and length of life. Dietary interventions may serve as preventive and therapeutic options for pet obesity. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of specially formulated diets on body weight (BW), body composition, and blood hormones and metabolites of adult female dogs after spay surgery. All procedures were approved by the University of Illinois Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee prior to experimentation. Twenty-eight healthy adult intact female Beagles (3.02 ± 0.7 yr; 10.28 ± 0.8 kg; body condition score [BCS]: 4.98 ± 0.57) were used in a longitudinal study. Twenty-four dogs were spayed and randomly allotted to one of three experimental diets: 1) moderate-protein, moderate-fiber diet (control; COSP), 2) high-protein, high-fiber diet (HP-HF), or 3) high-protein, high-fiber diet plus omega-3 and medium-chain fatty acids (HP-HF-O). Four dogs were sham-operated and fed the control diet (COSH). Food intake, BW, BCS, blood hormones and metabolites, body composition (via dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry scans), and voluntary physical activity (via Actical devices) were measured over time. After spay, dogs were fed to maintain BW for 12 wk (restricted phase), then allowed to overeat for 12 wk (ad libitum phase). Change from baseline data was analyzed for treatment, time, and treatment × time effects as well as treatment, feeding regimen, and treatment × feeding regimen effects. During the first 12 wk, HP-HF and HP-HF-O had lower (P < 0.01) blood cholesterol than COSH and COSP. During the second 12 wk, HP-HF and HP-HF-O ate more (P < 0.01) food (g/d) than COSH. BCS change for COSP was greater (P < 0.01) than COSH from week 21 to 24, but HP-HF and HP-HF-O were not different. When comparing data by feeding regimen, HP-HF and HP-HF-O had a greater reduction in serum cholesterol (P < 0.001) than COSH and COSP. During the second 12 wk, all spayed dogs consumed more (P < 0.01) food than COSH. However, COSH, HP-HF, and HP-HF-O had a lower (P < 0.001) increase in BCS than COSP. HP-HF-O and COSH had similar serum leptin during weeks 12 to 24. COSP had higher (P ≤ 0.01) serum C-reactive protein than HP-HF-O. Overall, body fat increase in COSP was greater (P < 0.05) than for COSH at week 24, while HP-HF and HP-HF-O were intermediate. Our results indicate that an HP-HF diet can limit weight gain and body fat increase and attenuate serum cholesterol, triglycerides, and leptin concentrations in dogs after spay surgery.

scholarly journals A High-Protein, High-Fiber Diet Designed for Weight Loss Improves Satiety in Dogs

2007 ◽  
Vol 21 (6) ◽  
pp. 1203-1208 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mickaël Weber ◽  
Thomas Bissot ◽  
Eric Servet ◽  
Renaud Sergheraert ◽  
Vincent Biourge ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
High Protein ◽  
High Fiber ◽  
Fiber Diet ◽  
High Fiber Diet

scholarly journals PSIII-35 Effects of dietary macronutrient profile on apparent total tract macronutrient digestibility and fecal metabolites of female dogs after spay surgery

2019 ◽  
Vol 97 (Supplement_3) ◽  
pp. 274-274
Author(s):  
Thunyaporn Phungviwatnikul ◽  
Helen Valentine ◽  
Fei He ◽  
Kelly S Swanson
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Energy Content ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Companion Animals ◽  
Chain Fatty Acid ◽  
High Protein ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
High Fiber ◽  
Fiber Diet ◽  
High Fiber Diet

Abstract Obesity reduces the quality and length of life of companion animals. Spaying increases risk, but dietary modification may attenuate obesity and related co-morbidities. The objective of this study was to determine the effects of specially formulated diets on apparent total tract macronutrient digestibility (ATTD) and fecal metabolites of female dogs after spay surgery. All procedures were approved by the University of Illinois Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee prior to experimentation. Twenty-four dogs were spayed and randomly allotted to three experimental diets: 1) moderate-protein, moderate-fiber diet (control; COSP), 2) high-protein, high-fiber diet (HP-HF), or 3) high-protein, high-fiber diet plus omega-3 fats (HP-HF-O). Four dogs were sham-operated and fed the control diet (COSH). Dogs were fed to maintain BW for 12 weeks after spay, then allowed to consume twice that amount for another 12 weeks. Change from baseline data were analyzed statistically, with P < 0.05 being significantly different. Food intake in dogs fed HP-HF or HP-HF-O was greater than COSH dogs, but COSP dogs were intermediate. Fat and organic matter digestibilities were lower in dogs fed HP-HF or HP-HF-O compared with COSH and COSP dogs. Fecal dry matter percentage and volume increases were greater in HP-HF and HP-HF-O dogs than COSH and COSP dogs. HP-HF and HP-HF-O dogs had higher fecal acetate than COSH or COSP dogs. Fecal butyrate tended to be greater (P = 0.08) in HP-HF dogs than COSH dogs. COSH and HP-HF-O dogs had lower fecal valerate than COSP dogs, while fecal ammonia tended to be higher (P = 0.05) in HP-HF-O than COSP and HP-HF dogs. Fecal total short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) increases in HP-HF-O dogs were higher than COSH dogs. Our results indicate that a high-protein, high-fiber diet can reduce energy content by reducing fat digestibility without affecting protein digestibility, modulate fecal SCFA concentrations, and decrease fecal branched-chain fatty acid.

scholarly journals Metagenome-Scale Metabolic Network Suggests Folate Produced by Bifidobacterium longum Might Contribute to High-Fiber-Diet-Induced Weight Loss in a Prader–Willi Syndrome Child

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. 2493
Author(s):  
Baoyu Xiang ◽  
Liping Zhao ◽  
Menghui Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Metabolic Network ◽  
Dietary Intervention ◽  
Bifidobacterium Longum ◽  
Prader Willi Syndrome ◽  
Fecal Microbiome ◽  
High Fiber ◽  
Fiber Diet ◽  
Microbial Strains ◽  
High Fiber Diet

Gut-microbiota-targeted nutrition intervention has achieved success in the management of obesity, but its underlying mechanism still needs extended exploration. An obese Prader–Willi syndrome boy lost 25.8 kg after receiving a high-fiber dietary intervention for 105 days. The fecal microbiome sequencing data taken from the boy on intervention days 0, 15, 30, 45, 60, 75, and 105, along with clinical indexes, were used to construct a metagenome-scale metabolic network. Firstly, the abundances of the microbial strains were obtained by mapping the sequencing reads onto the assembly of gut organisms through use of reconstruction and analysis (AGORA) genomes. The nutritional components of the diet were obtained through the Virtual Metabolic Human database. Then, a community model was simulated using the Microbiome Modeling Toolbox. Finally, the significant Spearman correlations among the metabolites and the clinical indexes were screened and the strains that were producing these metabolites were identified. The high-fiber diet reduced the overall amount of metabolite secretions, but the secretions of folic acid derivatives by Bifidobacterium longum strains were increased and were significantly relevant to the observed weight loss. Reduced metabolites might also have directly contributed to the weight loss or indirectly contribute by enhancing leptin and decreasing adiponectin. Metagenome-scale metabolic network technology provides a cost-efficient solution for screening the functional microbial strains and metabolic pathways that are responding to nutrition therapy.

scholarly journals Effect of a high-protein, high-fiber diet plus supplementation with branched-chain amino acids on the nutritional status of patients with cirrhosis

2018 ◽  
Vol 83 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Ruiz-Margáin ◽  
R.U. Macías-Rodríguez ◽  
S.L. Ríos-Torres ◽  
B.M. Román-Calleja ◽  
O. Méndez-Guerrero ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Branched Chain Amino Acids ◽  
High Protein ◽  
High Fiber ◽  
Fiber Diet ◽  
High Fiber Diet ◽  
Branched Chain

scholarly journals Efek integrated nutrition programme terhadap profil lipid dan komposisi tubuh pada remaja obes

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 95
Author(s):  
Martha Ardiaria ◽  
Erin Ratna Kustanti ◽  
Ria Purnawian Sulistiani ◽  
Etika Ratna Noer
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Weight Loss ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Lipid Profile ◽  
Public Health Issue ◽  
Moderate Physical Activity ◽  
Low Fat ◽  
Dietary Counseling ◽  
High Fiber ◽  
Nutrition Programme

The effect of integrated nutrition programme on lipid profile and body composition among adolescent obesityBackground: Obesity is a serious public health issue increasingly in the adolescent. Obesity in adolescence will continue into adulthood and lead to later health problems. The adolescent has high food dense calories which high fat and low in fiber that can trigger obesity. Integrated Nutrition Programme (INP) is an intervention model for obesity with an emphasis on a low-calorie diet, low fat, high fiber, moderate physical activity, and nutrition counseling.Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the effect of INP on lipid profile and body composition in obese adolescents.Methods: Quasi-experimental study pre-post trial design with a total of subjects 18 obese adolescents. Duration of intervention in subjects for four weeks with a hypocaloric diet, low fat, high fiber, and prepared by a dietician. Moderate exercise and dietary counseling were conducted on the subject regularly. Bodyweight (BW) and waist circumference (WC) were monitored once a week. Food record intake is done before and during the intervention.Results: The mean weight loss of 1.55 kg. There is a difference in mean BW, WC, and BMI (p<0.01), whereas there were no significant differences in lipid profiles and body composition between before and after the intervention.Conclusions: INP can significantly affect weight loss, BMI, and WC as well as a significant increase in physical activity.

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