scholarly journals Multiple metals in children’s deciduous teeth: results from a community-initiated pilot study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexa Friedman ◽  
Julia Anglen Bauer ◽  
Christine Austin ◽  
Timothy J. Downs ◽  
Yorghos Tripodis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pilot Study ◽  
Early Life ◽  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
Temporal Trends ◽  
Deciduous Teeth ◽  
Metal Exposure ◽  
Behavioral Correlates ◽  
Inductively Coupled ◽  
Early Life Exposure ◽  
Noninvasive Biomarker

Abstract Background Characterizing retrospective exposure to toxicants during multiple early-life developmental periods is challenging, yet critical for understanding developmental effects. Objective To characterize early-life metal exposure using deciduous teeth in a community concerned about past exposures. Methods Naturally shed teeth were collected from 30 children ages 5–13 years who resided in Holliston, Massachusetts since conception. We estimated weekly prenatal and postnatal (up to 1 year of age) exposure to 12 metals by measuring dentine concentrations using laser ablation-inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry. Multivariable linear mixed models were used to explore sociodemographic, dietary, and behavioral correlates of dentine metal concentrations. Results Temporal trends in dentine levels differed by metal. Source of milk during the first year of life was associated with dentine barium (Ba) levels, where being fed predominantly breastmilk was associated with 39% (95% CI: –57%, –13%) lower dentine Ba compared to predominantly formula use. Females had higher prenatal and postnatal dentine Mn and Pb, compared to males (e.g., % difference, postnatal Mn: 122% (17%, 321%); postnatal Pb: 60% (95% CI: –8%, 178%)). Significance Deciduous teeth provide retrospective information on dose and timing of early-life metals exposure at high resolution. We demonstrate their utility in a community-based study with known past contamination of drinking water. Impact statement We conducted a community-initiated pilot study in a community concerned with historical exposure to multiple metals. Using deciduous teeth, a novel noninvasive biomarker, we characterized early-life exposure to 12 metals in approximately weekly increments during sensitive developmental periods, thus demonstrating the utility of this biomarker in communities concerned with past exposures.

scholarly journals Early-life metal exposure and schizophrenia: A proof-of-concept study using novel tooth-matrix biomarkers

2016 ◽  
Vol 36 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Modabbernia ◽  
E. Velthorst ◽  
C. Gennings ◽  
L. De Haan ◽  
C. Austin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Early Life ◽  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
Metal Exposure ◽  
Proof Of Concept ◽  
Psychotic Experiences ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Concept Study ◽  
Inductively Coupled ◽  
Plasma Mass Spectrometry

AbstractBackgroundDespite evidence for the effects of metals on neurodevelopment, the long-term effects on mental health remain unclear due to methodological limitations. Our objective was to determine the feasibility of studying metal exposure during critical neurodevelopmental periods and to explore the association between early-life metal exposure and adult schizophrenia.MethodsWe analyzed childhood-shed teeth from nine individuals with schizophrenia and five healthy controls. We investigated the association between exposure to lead (Pb2+), manganese (Mn2+), cadmium (Cd2+), copper (Cu2+), magnesium (Mg2+), and zinc (Zn2+), and schizophrenia, psychotic experiences, and intelligence quotient (IQ). We reconstructed the dose and timing of early-life metal exposures using laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry.ResultsWe found higher early-life Pb2+ exposure among patients with schizophrenia than controls. The differences in log Mn2+ and log Cu2+ changed relatively linearly over time to postnatal negative values. There was a positive correlation between early-life Pb2+ levels and psychotic experiences in adulthood. Moreover, we found a negative correlation between Pb2+ levels and adult IQ.ConclusionsIn our proof-of-concept study, using tooth-matrix biomarker that provides direct measurement of exposure in the fetus and newborn, we provide support for the role of metal exposure during critical neurodevelopmental periods in psychosis.

scholarly journals Influence of Relative Humidity on Germination and Metal Accumulation in Vigna radiata Exposed to Metal-based Nanoparticles

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 1347
Author(s):  
Eun Sang Jung ◽  
Subpiramaniyam Sivakumar ◽  
Sung-Chul Hong ◽  
Pyong-In Yi ◽  
Seong-Ho Jang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vigna Radiata ◽  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
Metal Accumulation ◽  
Germination Rate ◽  
Metal Oxide Nanoparticles ◽  
Metal Exposure ◽  
Cd Accumulation ◽  
Inductively Coupled ◽  
Accumulation Of Metals ◽  
Plasma Mass Spectrometry

The effect of single (0.1, 1, and 10 mg L−1) and binary mixtures (0.1 + 0.1, 1 + 1, and 10 + 10 mg L−1) of metal-based nanoparticles (CdO and CuO) on the germination of Vigna radiata was studied under two humidity ranges (70% and 80%). Filter paper-based tests were conducted. The surface-sterilized seeds were exposed to CdO and CuO under controlled environmental conditions (70% and 80% humidity at 35 °C). Germination rates were scored after 24 h and 48 h. The accumulation of metals was tested in seedlings after 48 h using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. Compared with 70% humidity, the germination rate was higher under 80% humidity in all tested conditions. The germination rate of the CdO + CuO treatment was less than that of the single metal exposure under both humidities (70% and 80%) at 48 h. By two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA), we found that germination was greatly influenced by humidity. The accumulation of metal was higher in the CuO test than in the CdO test. Metal accumulation was concentration and humidity dependent, except for Cd accumulation in the CdO + CuO treatment. Here we show that the germination of seeds depends on the humidity and concentration of metal oxide nanoparticles. Understanding these strategies in seeds might help to avoid environmental and chemical stress and improve crop yield.

scholarly journals Occurrence and Distribution of Technology-critical Elements (TCE) in Recent Freshwater and Marine Pristine Lake Sediments in Croatia: a Case Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Bačić ◽  
Nevenka Mikac ◽  
Mavro Lučić ◽  
Ivan Sondi
Keyword(s):  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
Sediment Cores ◽  
Temporal Trends ◽  
Inductively Coupled ◽  
Critical Elements ◽  
Marine Lakes ◽  
Plasma Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Sediment Layers ◽  
Lake Systems ◽  
Plitvice Lakes

Abstract The appearance and vertical distribution of technology-critical elements (TCE) such as Li, Nb, Sc, Ga, Y, La, Sb, Ge, Te, and W were investigated in sediment cores taken in pristine freshwater and marine lakes located within protected areas of Croatia (Plitvice Lakes, Visovac Lake, and Mir Lake). These lake systems are isolated from the direct impact of human activities, and accordingly, the geochemical research in such environments may help to assess temporal trends in historical deposition of anthropogenic TCE. The analytical method of choice in determining the concentration of TCEs was High resolution inductively coupled plasma - mass spectrometry (HR ICP-MS). The results obtained have shown that the measured TCE spanned with wide ranges of concentrations, as a result of the different input of terrigenous material into the investigated lake systems which is further diluted by the formation of authigenic and biogenic carbonates. Evaluation of the anthropogenic impact on TCE levels showed low enrichment of Sb and Te in the upper sediment layers of the Mir Lake and the Plitvice Lakes. Despite that, concentrations of investigated TCE were low, compared to results described in the literature, indicating that the investigated remote lakes can be considered uncontaminated with these elements.

The Utility of Spot vs 24-Hour Urine Samples for Metal Determination in Veterans With Retained Fragments

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joanna M Gaitens ◽  
Clayton H Brown ◽  
Frederick G Strathmann ◽  
Hanna Xu ◽  
Michael R Lewin-Smith ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Urine Sample ◽  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
Urine Samples ◽  
Metal Exposure ◽  
Good Reliability ◽  
Spot Urine ◽  
Inductively Coupled ◽  
Spot Urine Sample ◽  
Plasma Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Good Agreement

Abstract Objectives The objective of this investigation is to explore the utility of using a spot urine sample in lieu of a 24-hour collection in assessing fragment-related metal exposure in war-injured veterans. Methods Twenty-four veterans collected each urine void over a 24-hour period in separate containers. Concentrations of 13 metals were measured in each void and in a pooled 24-hour sample using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. To assess the reliability of spot sample measures over time, intraclass correlations (ICCs) were calculated across all spot samples. Lin’s concordance correlation coefficient was used to assess agreement between a randomly selected spot urine sample and each corresponding 24-hour sample. Results In total, 149 spot urine samples were collected. Ten of the 13 metals measured had ICCs more than 0.4, suggesting “fair to good” reliability. Concordance coefficients were more than 0.4 for all metals, suggesting “moderate” agreement between spot and 24-hour concentrations, and more than 0.6 for seven of the 13 metals, suggesting “good” agreement. Conclusions Our fair to good reliability findings, for most metals investigated, and moderate to good agreement findings for all metals, across the range of concentrations observed here, suggest the utility of spot urine samples to obtain valid estimates of exposure in the longitudinal surveillance of metal-exposed populations.

scholarly journals Sample preparation method for metal(loid) contaminant quantitation in rodent hair collected in Yuma County, Arizona

2021 ◽  
Vol 193 (8) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonathan Credo ◽  
Amy Chandos ◽  
Camilla Checinski ◽  
Frank A. von Hippel ◽  
Jani C. Ingram
Keyword(s):  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
Certified Reference Materials ◽  
Toxic Metal ◽  
Metal Exposure ◽  
Inductively Coupled ◽  
Icp Ms ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Mexico Border ◽  
Exposure Risks ◽  
Digestion Methods

AbstractYuma County, Arizona, is a large agricultural hub of the USA located in the southwestern corner of Arizona on the USA-Mexico border. Year-round use of agrichemicals at a massive scale along with the influx of aquatic contaminants in the Colorado River led to significant levels of environmental pollution and hence exposure risks for people and wildlife. Although hair is a recognized biomarker for metal exposure, there is no universal hair preparation protocol. This study evaluated two digestion methods for metal quantitation using inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) and three methods for mercury quantitation using cold vapor-atomic absorption spectroscopy (CV-AAS), both employing certified reference materials. The “overnight” and “heating” digestion methods were suitable for ICP-MS, while only the heating method was suitable for CV-AAS. These validated methods will be useful for a variety of human and wildlife assessments of toxic metal(loid) exposure.

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