scholarly journals Occurrence and Distribution of Technology-critical Elements (TCE) in Recent Freshwater and Marine Pristine Lake Sediments in Croatia: a Case Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Bačić ◽  
Nevenka Mikac ◽  
Mavro Lučić ◽  
Ivan Sondi
Keyword(s):  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
Sediment Cores ◽  
Temporal Trends ◽  
Inductively Coupled ◽  
Critical Elements ◽  
Marine Lakes ◽  
Plasma Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Sediment Layers ◽  
Lake Systems ◽  
Plitvice Lakes

Abstract The appearance and vertical distribution of technology-critical elements (TCE) such as Li, Nb, Sc, Ga, Y, La, Sb, Ge, Te, and W were investigated in sediment cores taken in pristine freshwater and marine lakes located within protected areas of Croatia (Plitvice Lakes, Visovac Lake, and Mir Lake). These lake systems are isolated from the direct impact of human activities, and accordingly, the geochemical research in such environments may help to assess temporal trends in historical deposition of anthropogenic TCE. The analytical method of choice in determining the concentration of TCEs was High resolution inductively coupled plasma - mass spectrometry (HR ICP-MS). The results obtained have shown that the measured TCE spanned with wide ranges of concentrations, as a result of the different input of terrigenous material into the investigated lake systems which is further diluted by the formation of authigenic and biogenic carbonates. Evaluation of the anthropogenic impact on TCE levels showed low enrichment of Sb and Te in the upper sediment layers of the Mir Lake and the Plitvice Lakes. Despite that, concentrations of investigated TCE were low, compared to results described in the literature, indicating that the investigated remote lakes can be considered uncontaminated with these elements.

scholarly journals Evolution of the Multielemental Content along the Red Wine Production Process from Tempranillo and Grenache Grape Varieties

Molecules ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (13) ◽  
pp. 2961 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexandra Bica ◽  
Raquel Sánchez ◽  
José-Luis Todolí
Keyword(s):  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
Red Wine ◽  
Liquid Fraction ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Wine Production ◽  
Inductively Coupled ◽  
Critical Elements ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Plasma Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Grape Varieties

In the present work, 38 elements were quantified in the different fractions generated by applying amateur winemaking methods. Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry was used as detection technique. Grapes were analyzed and separate metal profiles were also obtained for the skin and seeds. Additional vinification fractions included musts before and after the fermentation process. Meanwhile, solid fractions corresponded to the so-called hat, pressed pomace and the lees obtained after gravitational settling at the tank bottom. Wine was further analyzed. The obtained results revealed a different repartition depending on the particular element and winemaking solid and liquid fraction evaluated. The studies included vinification in presence and in absence of added yeast and grape geographical origin. Principal component analysis helped to discriminate among fractions and to determine the critical elements behaving differently. Finally, a mass balance allowed to unequivocally detect the migration of a given element to the winemaking fractions.

scholarly journals Mineralogical Distribution of Germanium, Gallium and Indium at the Mt Carlton High-Sulfidation Epithermal Deposit, NE Australia, and Comparison with Similar Deposits Worldwide

Minerals ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (11) ◽  
pp. 213 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fredrik Sahlström ◽  
Antonio Arribas ◽  
Paul Dirks ◽  
Isaac Corral ◽  
Zhaoshan Chang
Keyword(s):  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
Ore Deposits ◽  
High Tech ◽  
Epithermal Deposit ◽  
Inductively Coupled ◽  
Critical Elements ◽  
High Sulfidation ◽  
Plasma Mass Spectrometry ◽  
High Concentrations ◽  
Stage 1

Germanium, gallium and indium are in high demand due to their growing usage in high-tech and green-tech applications. However, the mineralogy and the mechanisms of concentration of these critical elements in different types of hydrothermal ore deposits remain poorly constrained. We investigated the mineralogical distribution of Ge, Ga and In at the Mt Carlton high-sulfidation epithermal deposit in NE Australia, using electron probe microanalysis and laser ablation inductively-coupled plasma mass spectrometry. Parageneses from which selected minerals were analyzed include: Stage 1 acid sulfate alteration (alunite), Stage 2A high-sulfidation enargite mineralization (enargite, argyrodite, sphalerite, pyrite, barite), Stage 2B intermediate-sulfidation sphalerite mineralization (sphalerite, pyrite, galena) and Stage 3 hydrothermal void fill (dickite). Moderate to locally high concentrations of Ga were measured in Stage 1 alunite (up to 339 ppm) and in Stage 3 dickite (up to 150 ppm). The Stage 2A ores show enrichment in Ge, which is primarily associated with argyrodite (up to 6.95 wt % Ge) and Ge-bearing enargite (up to 2189 ppm Ge). Co-existing sphalerite has comparatively low Ge content (up to 143 ppm), while Ga (up to 1181 ppm) and In (up to 571 ppm) are higher. Sphalerite in Stage 2B contains up to 611 ppm Ge, 2829 ppm Ga and 2169 ppm In, and locally exhibits fine colloform bands of an uncharacterized Zn-In mineral with compositions close to CuZn2(In,Ga)S4. Barite, pyrite and galena which occur in association with Stage 2 mineralization were found to play negligible roles as carriers of Ge, Ga and In at Mt Carlton. Analyzed reference samples of enargite from seven similar deposits worldwide have average Ge concentrations ranging from 12 to 717 ppm (maximum 2679 ppm). The deposits from which samples showed high enrichment in critical elements in this study are all hosted in stratigraphic sequences that locally contain carbonaceous sedimentary rocks. In addition to magmatic-hydrothermal processes, such rocks could potentially be important for the concentration of critical elements in high-sulfidation epithermal deposits.

Metal-Organic Frameworks vs. Buffers: Case Study of UiO-66 Stability

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Bůžek ◽  
Slavomír Adamec ◽  
Kamil Lang ◽  
Jan Demel
Keyword(s):  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
Buffer Capacity ◽  
Metal Organic Framework ◽  
Metal Organic Frameworks ◽  
Analytical Techniques ◽  
Aqueous Dispersions ◽  
Inductively Coupled ◽  
Plasma Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Metal Organic

<div><p>UiO-66 is a zirconium-based metal-organic framework (MOF) that has numerous applications. Our group recently determined that UiO-66 is not as inert in aqueous dispersions as previously reported in the literature. The present work therefore assessed the behaviour of UiO-66 in buffers: 2-amino-2-(hydroxymethyl)-1,3-propanediol (TRIS), 4-(2-hydroxyethyl)piperazine-1-ethane sulfonic acid (HEPES), N-ethylmorpholine (NEM) and phosphate buffer (PB), all of which are commonly used in many UiO-66 applications. High pressure liquid chromatography and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry were used to monitor degradation of the MOF. In each buffer, the terephthalate linker was released to some extent, with a more pronounced leaching effect in the saline forms of these buffers. The HEPES buffer was found to be the most benign, whereas NEM and PB should be avoided at any concentration as they were shown to rapidly degrade the UiO-66 framework. Low concentration TRIS buffers are also recommended, although these offer minimal buffer capacity to adjust pH. Regardless of the buffer used, rapid terephthalate release was observed, indicating that the UiO-66 was attacked immediately after mixing with the buffer. In addition, the dissolution of zirconium, observed in some cases, intensified the UiO-66 decomposition process. These results demonstrate that sensitive analytical techniques have to be used to monitor the release of MOF components so as to quantify the stabilities of these materials in liquid environments.</p></div>

Single Particle Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry: Investigating Nonlinear Response Observed in Pulse Counting Mode and Extending the Linear Dynamic Range by Compensating for Dead Time Related Count Losses on a Microsecond Timescale

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ingo Strenge ◽  
Carsten Engelhard
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
Nonlinear Response ◽  
Dynamic Range ◽  
Dead Time ◽  
Inorganic Nanoparticles ◽  
Linear Dynamic Range ◽  
Inductively Coupled ◽  
Icp Ms ◽  
Plasma Mass Spectrometry

<p>The article demonstrates the importance of using a suitable approach to compensate for dead time relate count losses (a certain measurement artefact) whenever short, but potentially strong transient signals are to be analysed using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). Findings strongly support the theory that inadequate time resolution, and therefore insufficient compensation for these count losses, is one of the main reasons for size underestimation observed when analysing inorganic nanoparticles using ICP-MS, a topic still controversially discussed.</p>

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