Effect of a common UMOD variant on kidney function, blood pressure, cognitive and physical function in a community-based cohort of older adults

AbstractIn genome-wide association studies, genetic variants in the UMOD gene associate with kidney function, blood pressure (BP), and hypertension. Elevated BP is linked to kidney function and impaired cognitive as well as physical performance in later life. We investigated the association between UMOD rs4293393–A > G and kidney function, BP, cognitive and physical function in the Berlin Aging Study II (BASE–II). Data of 1556 older BASE–II participants (mean age 68.2 ± 3.7 years) were analyzed. BP was determined by standardized automated measurements, estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) by CKD Epidemiology Collaboration creatinine equation. Cognitive function was assessed by Mini-Mental State Examination and Digit Symbol Substitution Test, while physical function by Handgrip Strength and Timed Up and Go-Test. Association analyses were performed by covariance and logistic regression models adjusting for sex. G–allele carriers at UMOD rs4293393 exhibited significantly higher eGFR values compared to non–carriers (AA, 76.4 ml/min/1.73 m², CI: 75.7–77.2 vs. AG, 78.4 ml/min/1.73 m², CI: 77.3–79.5 vs. GG, 78.5 ml/min/1.73 m², CI: 75.4–81.7; P = 0.010), and a lower risk of eGFR < 60 mL/min/1.73 m2 (AG, OR: 0.63, CI: 0.41–0.97, P = 0.033). However, UMOD rs4293393 genotypes were not associated with BP, diagnosis of hypertension or cognitive and physical function parameters. Our data corroborate previous findings on the association of UMOD rs4293393-G with better kidney function in older adults. However, no association between UMOD and BP or physical and cognitive parameters in these community-dwelling older adults was detected.

Download Full-text

Chronic Fish Oil Consumption with Resistance Training Improves Grip Strength, Physical Function, and Blood Pressure in Community-Dwelling Older Adults

Sports ◽

10.3390/sports7070167 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 7 (7) ◽

pp. 167 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Sang-Rok Lee ◽

Edward Jo ◽

Andy V. Khamoui

Keyword(s):

Blood Pressure ◽

Older Adults ◽

Resistance Training ◽

Fish Oil ◽

Physical Function ◽

Synergistic Effects ◽

Handgrip Strength ◽

Community Dwelling ◽

Sit To Stand ◽

Community Dwelling Older Adults

Fish oil (FO) has received great attention for its health-enhancing properties. However, its potential synergistic effects with resistance training (RT) are not well established. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of FO supplementation during 12-weeks of RT on handgrip strength, physical function, and blood pressure (BP) in community-dwelling older adults. Twenty-eight healthy older adults (10 males, 18 females; 66.5 ± 5.0 years) were randomly assigned to three groups: Control (CON), resistance training (RT), resistance training with FO (RTFO). Handgrip strength, physical function [five times sit-to-stand (5T-STS), timed up and go (TUG), 6-m walk (6MW), 30-s sit-to-stand (30S-STS)], and BP were measured pre- and post-intervention. ANOVA was used with significance set at P ≤ 0.05. Handgrip strength significantly increased in RT (+5.3%) and RTFO (+9.4%) but decreased in CON (−3.9%). All physical function outcomes increased in RT and RTFO. CON exhibited significantly decreased TUG and 30S-STS with no change in 5T-STS and 6MW. BP substantially decreased only in RTFO, systolic blood pressure (−7.8 mmHg), diastolic blood pressure (−4.5 mmHg), mean arterial pressure (−5.6 mmHg), while no change was found in CON and RT. Chronic RT enhanced strength and physical function, while FO consumption combined with RT improved BP in community-dwelling older adults.

Download Full-text

Changes in Physical and Oral Function after a Long-Term Care Prevention Program in Community-Dwelling Japanese Older Adults: A 12-Month Follow-Up Study

Healthcare ◽

10.3390/healthcare9060719 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 (6) ◽

pp. 719

Author(s):

Yoshimi Iwao-Kawamura ◽

Hideo Shigeishi ◽

Shino Uchida ◽

Shirou Kawano ◽

Tomoko Maehara ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Older Adults ◽

Physical Function ◽

Health Program ◽

Handgrip Strength ◽

Community Dwelling ◽

Timed Up And Go ◽

Term Care ◽

Oral Function ◽

Nutritional Guidance ◽

Japanese Older Adults

Background: The aim of this prospective cohort study was to clarify changes in physical and oral function in older adults after completing a 3-month health program combining physical and oral exercise, oral health instruction, and nutritional guidance. Methods: Subjects were 34 women aged at least 70 years (mean age 79.2 years) in Bungotakada City, Oita Prefecture, Japan. Physical and oral function was investigated on the first day (baseline), at the end of the program, and 6 and 12 months after completing the health program. Physical function was measured using handgrip strength test, timed up and go (TUG) test and one-leg standing time test. Oral diadochokinesis test and repetitive saliva swallowing test (RSST) were employed to assess oral function. Results: TUG scores were significantly lower at 6 and 12 months than at baseline in participants aged ≥70 and <80 years. The repetition rate of the monosyllables /pa/, /ta/, and /ka/ was improved at the end of program in participants aged ≥70 and <80 years and increased to more than 6 times/second at 12 months. Conclusions: Our 3-month health program maintained improvements in oral and physical function in older women 1 year after completing the program.

Download Full-text

Group Lifestyle Phone Maintenance for Weight, Health, and Physical Function in Adults Aged 65–80 Years: A Randomized Clinical Trial

The Journals of Gerontology Series A ◽

10.1093/gerona/glaa229 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Elizabeth M Venditti ◽

Marsha D Marcus ◽

Rachel G Miller ◽

Vincent C Arena ◽

Susan L Greenspan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Blood Pressure ◽

Older Adults ◽

Weight Loss ◽

Physical Function ◽

Community Dwelling ◽

Lipid Lowering ◽

Additional Risk ◽

Management Group ◽

Registration Number ◽

And Function

Abstract Background Group lifestyle sessions with phone maintenance could improve weight, health, and function in vulnerable older adults. Methods Community-dwelling adults (N = 322) with body mass index (BMI, kg/m2) ≥27 and additional risk factors received 12 one-hour in-person behavioral weight management group sessions then were randomized to 8 half-hour telephone sessions (n = 162) or newsletter control (n = 160) from 4 to 12 months with no treatment contact thereafter. Primary outcome was 0- to 12-month weight change. Cardiometabolic, short physical performance battery (SPPB), and self-reported activity changes were assessed at 12 and 24 months. Results At baseline, the mean (SD) age was 71.2 (4.3) and BMI was 33.8 (5.1). Participants were 77% women, 13% Black, 85% retired, averaging 4 medical conditions, and taking blood pressure (67.4%) and lipid-lowering (51.6%) medications. At 12 months, a greater proportion of the phone group (66.0%) achieved ≥5% weight loss compared with newsletter control (53.2%; p = .02). Mean (95% CI) weight loss was greater for phone (−6.6 kg [−7.5, −5.8]) than newsletter (−5.1 kg [−7.2, −3.0]); p = .01. Modest lipid, glucose, and blood pressure improvements were found, but did not differ significantly between groups. Small SPPB and activity improvements were maintained at 12 and 24 months in both groups. Conclusions Brief phone contacts compared to newsletters enhanced weight loss maintenance among older high-risk adults at 1 year, but not cardiometabolic outcomes. Modest functional improvements were observed in both. Lower-intensity maintenance contacts (phone or newsletter) for weight, health, and physical function in older adults warrant further study. Clinical Trials Registration Number NCT03192475

Download Full-text

Physical function and all-cause mortality in older adults diagnosed with cancer: A systematic review and meta-analysis

The Journals of Gerontology Series A ◽

10.1093/gerona/glaa305 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Yasmin Ezzatvar ◽

Robinson Ramírez-Vélez ◽

Mikel L Sáez de Asteasu ◽

Nicolás Martínez-Velilla ◽

Fabricio Zambom-Ferraresi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Older Adults ◽

Physical Function ◽

Handgrip Strength ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Timed Up And Go ◽

Hazard Ratios ◽

Inverse Variance ◽

All Cause Mortality ◽

Prospective Association

Abstract Background Physical function is an independent predictor of numerous chronic diseases, but its association with all-cause mortality in older adults diagnosed with cancer has received little attention. Objective The aim of this study was to conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis on the prospective association between physical function and all-cause mortality in older adults diagnosed with cancer. Methods Two authors systematically searched MEDLINE, EMBASE, and SportsDiscus databases. Prospective studies reporting associations of baseline physical function with all-cause mortality in patients aged 60 years or older diagnosed with any type of cancer were included. Hazard Ratios (HR) with associated 95% confidence intervals (CI) were extracted from studies for all-cause mortality and pooled HRs were then calculated using the random-effects inverse-variance model with the Hartung-Knapp-Sidik-Jonkman adjustment. Results Data from 25 studies with 8,109 adults diagnosed with cancer aged ≥60 years were included in the study. Higher levels of physical function (short physical performance battery, HR=0.44 95% CI, 0.29–0.67; I 2=16.0%; timed up and go, HR=0.40 95% CI, 0.31–0.53; I 2=61.9%; gait speed, HR=0.41 95% CI, 0.17–0.96; I 2=73.3%; handgrip strength: HR=0.61 95% CI, 0.43–0.85, I 2=85.6%; and overall, HR=0.45 95% CI, 0.35–0.57; I 2=88.6%) were associated with a lower risk of all-cause mortality compared to lower levels of functionality. Neither age at baseline nor length of follow-up had a significant effect on the HR estimates for lower all-cause mortality risk. Conclusion Physical function may exert an independent protective effect on all-cause mortality in older adults diagnosed with cancer.

Download Full-text

Prevalence of sarcopenia in community-dwelling older adults using the updated EWGSOP2 definition according to kidney function and albuminuria

BMC Geriatrics ◽

10.1186/s12877-020-01700-x ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 20 (S1) ◽

Author(s):

Rafael Moreno-Gonzalez ◽

◽

Xavier Corbella ◽

Francesco Mattace-Raso ◽

Lisanne Tap ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Older Adults ◽

Chronic Kidney Disease ◽

Kidney Disease ◽

Kidney Function ◽

Handgrip Strength ◽

Bioelectrical Impedance ◽

Community Dwelling ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

European Working ◽

Community Dwelling Older Adults

Abstract Background Loss of muscle mass and function may be more pronounced in older adults with chronic kidney disease (CKD) and with albuminuria. Thus, we investigated the prevalence of sarcopenia among community-dwelling older adults according to kidney function and grade of albuminuria. We also explored differences in the prevalence of sarcopenia according to three different equations for the estimation of glomerular filtration rate (eGFR). Methods A cross-sectional analysis of 1420 community-dwelling older adults (≥75 years old) included in the SCOPE study, a multicenter prospective cohort study, was conducted. Comprehensive geriatric assessment including short physical performance battery (SPPB), handgrip strength test and bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) was performed. Sarcopenia was defined using the updated criteria of the European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People (EWGSOP2). eGFR was calculated using Berlin Initiative Study (BIS), Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemiological Collaboration (CKD-EPI) and Full Age Spectrum (FAS) equations, and urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio (ACR) was collected to categorize CKD according to Kidney Disease Improving Global Outcomes guidelines. Results Median age was 79.5 years (77.0–83.0), 804 (56.6%) were women. Using EWGSOP2 definition, 150 (10.6%) participants met diagnostic criteria for sarcopenia. Moreover, 85 (6%) participants had severe sarcopenia. Sarcopenia was more prevalent in participants with more advanced stages of CKD according to BIS eq. (9.6% in stages 1 and 2 and 13.9% in stages 3a, 3b and 4, p = 0.042), and also according to CKD-EPI (9.8% vs. 14.2%, p = 0.042) and FAS although not reaching statistical signification (9.8% vs. 12.7%, p = 0.119). Thus, differences in prevalence are observed among CKD categories as estimated by different equations. Prevalence of sarcopenia was also higher with increasing albuminuria categories: 9.3% in normoalbuminuric, 13.2% in microalbuminuric and 16.8% in macroalbuminuric participants, (p = 0.019). Conclusions Sarcopenia is common among community-dwelling older adults, especially among those with more advanced CKD categories, with prevalence estimates differing slightly depending on the equation used for the estimation of eGFR; as well as among those with higher albuminuria categories.

Download Full-text

Vitamin D, muscle strength and physical function in UK South Asian older women

Proceedings of The Nutrition Society ◽

10.1017/s0029665120005315 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 79 (OCE2) ◽

Author(s):

Sabeen Zahra ◽

Bernard Corfe ◽

Elizabeth Williams

Keyword(s):

Vitamin D ◽

Muscle Strength ◽

Physical Function ◽

Older Women ◽

South Asian ◽

Handgrip Strength ◽

Community Dwelling ◽

Vitamin D Status ◽

Timed Up And Go ◽

Chair Stand

AbstractA positive association has been reported between vitamin D status, muscle strength and physical function in older Caucasian women. However, little is known about this relationship in UK South Asian older women. This cross-sectional study aimed to explore the association between vitamin D status, muscle strength and physical function in UK South Asian (Pakistani and Indian) older women.One hundred and twenty community-dwelling women were recruited via visiting community centres, mosques, Indian temples (Gurdwara) and by word of mouth (between January to May 2018). Inclusion criteria were: community-dwelling, South Asian women, age 60 years and above, able to communicate effectively and able to give written or verbal consent. A general interview (demographic, anthropometric, self-reported exhaustion, health history, supplementation use/duration/dose), handgrip strength (kg), short physical performance battery (single chair stand, repeated chair stands, balance, timed up-and-go test), and blood 25 hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D, nmol/l) concentration were performed. Dietary intake and self-reported physical activity was also assessed using multiple-pass 24-hour diet recall method and International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) short form respectively.Overall, 47% of participants had insufficient blood 25(OH)D concentration (< 50nmol/L) and 53% had sufficient blood 25(OH)D (≥ 50nmol/L) using the IOM classification. As expected 86% of current vitamin D supplement users had adequate vitamin D status and only 14% of women who reported current vitamin D supplement use had insufficient vitamin D status. Amongst supplement non-users 68% had insufficient vitamin D status and only 32% had adequate levels. An inverse correlation (Spearman's analysis) was found between vitamin D status and single chair stand test (sec) (r = -0.25, p = 0.006); repeated chair stand test (sec) (r = -0.29, p = 0.002) and timed up-and-go test (sec) (r = -0.20, p = 0.02). No correlation was observed between vitamin D status and handgrip strength (r = 0.09, p = 0.30).The prevalence of vitamin D insufficiency is high in post-menopausal South Asian women not taking vitamin D supplements. Significant association was observed between vitamin D status and some aspects of muscle strength and physical function. We are now conducting a randomized control trial to investigate whether vitamin D supplementation may restore muscle strength and function in this population.

Download Full-text

Association Between Estimated Glomerular Filtration Rate Based on Cystatin C and Grip Strength in Community-Dwelling Japanese Older Adults

The Journals of Gerontology Series A ◽

10.1093/gerona/glaa240 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Keiko Kabasawa ◽

Kazutoshi Nakamura ◽

Yumi Ito ◽

Junta Tanaka ◽

Ichiei Narita

Keyword(s):

Older Adults ◽

Glomerular Filtration Rate ◽

Grip Strength ◽

Kidney Function ◽

Cystatin C ◽

Filtration Rate ◽

Estimated Glomerular Filtration Rate ◽

Handgrip Strength ◽

Community Dwelling ◽

Japanese Older Adults

Abstract Background Kidney dysfunction is associated with sarcopenia. Estimated glomerular filtration rate based on cystatin C (eGFRcys), an alternative to creatinine-based measures of kidney function eGFR, is not affected by muscle mass. Given that the association of eGFRcys with muscle weakness would be limited, we examined the association in older adults with normal or compromised kidney function. Methods This cross-sectional study involved 594 community-dwelling Japanese adults aged ≥40 years living in Yuzawa, Japan. Serum creatinine, cystatin C, and handgrip strength were concurrently measured at a health-check examination in 2015. eGFR was calculated according to the equation developed for the Japanese population using creatinine and cystatin C. Associations of eGFRcys and eGFRcreat with low grip strength (men, <26 kg and women, <18 kg) were analyzed using logistic regression models adjusted to control for potential confounders. Results Participants (mean age, 74.9 years) included 319 women and 109 individuals with low grip strength. Mean eGFRcys was 75.2 (SD 18.6) mL/min/1.73 m2. Pearson’s correlation coefficients of handgrip strength for eGFRcys and eGFRcreat were 0.19 (p < .001) and −0.04 (p = .281), respectively. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed the adjusted odds ratio (OR) of low grip strength for the highest versus lowest quartile of eGFRcys value was 2.46 (95% confidence interval, 1.03–5.86; p-trend = .026); whereas the comparative adjusted OR for eGFRcreat was 0.67 (95% confidence interval, 0.34–1.32). Conclusions Low kidney function as assessed by eGFRcys was associated with muscle weakness in community-dwelling Japanese older adults.

Download Full-text

Does self-report of multimorbidity in later life predict impaired physical functioning, and might this be useful in clinical practice?

Aging Clinical and Experimental Research ◽

10.1007/s40520-020-01500-8 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 32 (8) ◽

pp. 1443-1450

Author(s):

Michael A. Clynes ◽

Gregorio Bevilacqua ◽

Karen A. Jameson ◽

Cyrus Cooper ◽

Elaine M. Dennison

Keyword(s):

Older Adults ◽

Physical Function ◽

Physical Functioning ◽

Later Life ◽

Community Dwelling ◽

Self Report ◽

Timed Up And Go ◽

Increased Risk ◽

Community Dwelling Older Adults ◽

Function Testing

Abstract Background Multimorbidity has been shown in several studies to relate to impaired physical function in later life. Aims To examine if self-report of multimorbidity predicts impaired physical functioning, as assessed by formal physical function testing, in community-dwelling older adults. Methods Non-communicable diseases (NCDs) were self-reported by 443 older community-dwelling UK adults via questionnaire, asking the question: ‘Have you been told by a doctor that you have any of the following conditions?’ Assessments of walking speed, chair stands and balance allowed us to create a composite score (0–12) on which impaired physical functioning was defined as ≤ 9. Results The mean age of participants was 75.5 ± 2.5 years for men and 75.8 ± 2.6 for women. The proportion of individuals with impaired physical functioning was 71.2% in women and 56.9% in men. Having four or more NCDs was associated with an increased risk of poor physical function in men and women (p < 0.05). The number of medications and medicated systems was associated with gait speed (p < 0.03 and < 0.02, respectively) and timed up-and-go tests (p < 0.03 and < 0.02, respectively) in women but not men. Discussion and conclusion Self-report of 4 or more NCDs was associated with an increased risk of poor physical function, an outcome which has previously been associated with adverse clinical sequelae. This observation may inform development of a simple screening tool to look for poor physical function in older adults.

Download Full-text

Associations of sarcopenia components with physical activity and nutrition in Australian older adults performing exercise training

BMC Geriatrics ◽

10.1186/s12877-021-02212-y ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 21 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Ewelina Akehurst ◽

David Scott ◽

Juan Peña Rodriguez ◽

Carol Alonso Gonzalez ◽

Jasmaine Murphy ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Older Adults ◽

Muscle Mass ◽

Physical Performance ◽

Gait Speed ◽

Protein Intake ◽

Handgrip Strength ◽

The Elderly ◽

Community Dwelling ◽

Timed Up And Go

Abstract Background The risk of progressive declines in skeletal muscle mass and strength, termed sarcopenia, increases with age, physical inactivity and poor diet. The purpose of this study was to explore and compare associations of sarcopenia components with self-reported physical activity and nutrition in older adults participating in resistance training at Helsinki University Research [HUR] and conventional gyms for over a year, once a week, on average. Methods The study looked at differences between HUR (n = 3) and conventional (n = 1) gyms. Muscle strength (via handgrip strength and chair stands), appendicular lean mass (ALM; via dual energy X-ray absorptiometry) and physical performance (via gait speed over a 4-m distance, short physical performance battery, timed up and go and 400-m walk tests) were evaluated in 80 community-dwelling older adults (mean ± SD 76.5 ± 6.5 years). Pearson correlations explored associations for sarcopenia components with self-reported physical activity (via Physical Activity Scale for the Elderly [PASE]) and nutrition (via Australian Eating Survey). Results No differences in PASE and the Australian Recommended Food Score (ARFS) were observed between HUR and conventional gyms, however HUR gym participants had a significantly higher self-reported protein intake (108 ± 39 g vs 88 ± 27 g; p = 0.029) and a trend to have higher energy intake (9698 ± 3006 kJ vs 8266 ± 2904 kJ; p = 0.055). In both gym groups, gait speed was positively associated with self-reported physical activity (r = 0.275; p = 0.039 and r = 0.423; p = 0.044 for HUR and conventional gyms, respectively). ALM was positively associated with protein (p = 0.047, r = 0.418) and energy (p = 0.038, r = 0.435) intake in the conventional gym group. Similar associations were observed for ALM/h2 in the HUR group. None of the sarcopenia components were associated with ARFS in either gym group. Conclusion Older adults attending HUR and conventional gyms had similar self-reported function and nutrition (but not protein intake). Inadequate physical activity was associated with low gait speed and inadequate nutrition and low protein ingestion associated with low lean mas, even in older adults participating in exercise programs. Optimal physical activity and nutrition are important for maintaining muscle mass and function in older adults.

Download Full-text

Duration or Timing? What is the Optimal Core for Older Adults to Engage in Moderate-to-vigorous Physical Activity to Prevent Disability?

10.21203/rs.3.rs-41437/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Ting-Fu Lai ◽

Yung Liao ◽

Chien-Yu Lin ◽

Wan-Chi Huang ◽

Ming-Chun Hsueh ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Older Adults ◽

Physical Function ◽

Gait Speed ◽

Handgrip Strength ◽

Vigorous Physical Activity ◽

Total Duration ◽

Functional Mobility ◽

Linear Regression Models ◽

Timed Up And Go

Abstract Background The positive association between the total duration of physical activity and performances of physical function may vary at different times of the day as circadian rhythm regulates individuals in response to external stimulations. We aimed to examine the association of timing-specific and overall moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) with performances of physical function in older adults. Methods A cross-sectional analysis was conducted among 118 older adults (mean age = 70.0 ± 5.0 years). We assessed and identified timing-specific (morning: 06:01-12:00; afternoon: 12:01-18:00; evening: 18:01-24:00) and overall MVPA using a triaxial accelerometer. Different measures of physical function were evaluated including handgrip strength (by grip dynamometer), gait speed (five-meter walk test), basic functional mobility (timed up and go test), and lower limb strength (five times sit-to-stand test). Multivariate linear regression models adjusting for covariates were used to investigate the associations. Results Participants spent 0.4 hours in MVPA per day on average, half the time spent during the morning (47.7%), followed by during the afternoon (29.9%) and evening (21.6%). The time spent on overall MVPA was generally associated with better physical function performances. There was statistical evidence for the percentages of MVPA engagement during the morning ( B = 0.214, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.001 to 0.428) and afternoon ( B = -0.273, 95% CI -0.518 to -0.027) associated with basic functional mobility but with contrary directions; the percentage of MVPA engagement during the evening was associated with less time spent in gait speed performance ( B = -0.237, 95% CI -0.468 to -0.006). Conclusions Our findings inform implications that the overall MVPA engagement was more important than timing-specific MVPA to older adults’ physical function performances. Strategies for accumulating time of MVPA is more practical and effective than encouraging to engage MVPA in specific timing for the enhancement of functional ability and therefore prevent disability among older adults.

Download Full-text