scholarly journals New insights from Thailand into the maternal genetic history of Mainland Southeast Asia

2018 ◽  
Vol 26 (6) ◽  
pp. 898-911 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wibhu Kutanan ◽  
Jatupol Kampuansai ◽  
Andrea Brunelli ◽  
Silvia Ghirotto ◽  
Pittayawat Pittayaporn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Southeast Asia ◽  
Genetic History ◽  
History Of ◽  
Mainland Southeast Asia

scholarly journals Reconstructing the human genetic history of mainland Southeast Asia: insights from genome-wide data from Thailand and Laos

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wibhu Kutanan ◽  
Dang Liu ◽  
Jatupol Kampuansai ◽  
Metawee Srikummool ◽  
Suparat Srithawong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Structure ◽  
Southeast Asia ◽  
Geographic Region ◽  
Whole Genome Sequence ◽  
Genetic History ◽  
Asian Populations ◽  
Genome Wide ◽  
Population Interactions ◽  
Hill Tribes ◽  
Mainland Southeast Asia

AbstractThailand and Laos, located in the center of Mainland Southeast Asia (MSEA), harbor diverse ethnolinguistic groups encompassing all five language families of MSEA: Tai-Kadai (TK), Austroasiatic (AA), Sino-Tibetan (ST), Hmong-Mien (HM) and Austronesian (AN). Previous genetic studies of Thai/Lao populations have focused almost exclusively on uniparental markers and there is a paucity of genome-wide studies. We therefore generated genome-wide SNP data for 33 ethnolinguistic groups, belonging to the five MSEA language families from Thailand and Laos, and analysed these together with data from modern Asian populations and SEA ancient samples. Overall, we find genetic structure according to language family, albeit with heterogeneity in the AA-, HM- and ST-speaking groups, and in the hill tribes, that reflects both population interactions and genetic drift. For the TK speaking groups, we find localized genetic structure that is driven by different levels of interaction with other groups in the same geographic region. Several Thai groups exhibit admixture from South Asia, which we date to ∼600-1000 years ago, corresponding to a time of intensive international trade networks that had a major cultural impact on Thailand. An AN group from Southern Thailand shows both South Asian admixture as well as overall affinities with AA-speaking groups in the region, suggesting an impact of cultural diffusion. Overall, we provide the first detailed insights into the genetic profiles of Thai/Lao ethnolinguistic groups, which should be helpful for reconstructing human genetic history in MSEA and selecting populations for participation in ongoing whole genome sequence and biomedical studies.

scholarly journals New insights from Thailand into the maternal genetic history of Mainland Southeast Asia

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wibhu Kutanan ◽  
Jatupol Kampuansai ◽  
Andrea Brunelli ◽  
Silvia Ghirotto ◽  
Pittayawat Pittayaporn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Southeast Asia ◽  
Southern China ◽  
Genetic Relationships ◽  
History Of ◽  
Competing Models ◽  
Thai People ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
Demic Diffusion ◽  
Northeastern Thailand ◽  
Mainland Southeast Asia

AbstractTai-Kadai (TK) is one of the major language families in Mainland Southeast Asia (MSEA), with a concentration in the area of Thailand and Laos. Our previous study of 1,234 mtDNA genome sequences supported a demic diffusion scenario in the spread of TK languages from southern China to Laos as well as northern and northeastern Thailand. Here we add an additional 560 mtDNA sequences from 22 groups, with a focus on the TK-speaking central Thai people and the Sino-Tibetan speaking Karen. We find extensive diversity, including 62 haplogroups not reported previously from this region. Demic diffusion is still a preferable scenario for central Thais, emphasizing the extension and expansion of TK people through MSEA, although there is also some support for an admixture model. We also tested competing models concerning the genetic relationships of groups from the major MSEA languages, and found support for an ancestral relationship of TK and Austronesian-speaking groups.

scholarly journals Extensive Ethnolinguistic Diversity in Vietnam Reflects Multiple Sources of Genetic Diversity

2020 ◽  
Vol 37 (9) ◽  
pp. 2503-2519 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dang Liu ◽  
Nguyen Thuy Duong ◽  
Nguyen Dang Ton ◽  
Nguyen Van Phong ◽  
Brigitte Pakendorf ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Southeast Asia ◽  
Linguistic Diversity ◽  
Published Data ◽  
Multiple Sources ◽  
Austronesian Languages ◽  
Genome Wide ◽  
Genome Wide Data ◽  
History Of ◽  
Mainland Southeast Asia

Abstract Vietnam features extensive ethnolinguistic diversity and occupies a key position in Mainland Southeast Asia. Yet, the genetic diversity of Vietnam remains relatively unexplored, especially with genome-wide data, because previous studies have focused mainly on the majority Kinh group. Here, we analyze newly generated genome-wide single-nucleotide polymorphism data for the Kinh and 21 additional ethnic groups in Vietnam, encompassing all five major language families in Mainland Southeast Asia. In addition to analyzing the allele and haplotype sharing within the Vietnamese groups, we incorporate published data from both nearby modern populations and ancient samples for comparison. In contrast to previous studies that suggested a largely indigenous origin for Vietnamese genetic diversity, we find that Vietnamese ethnolinguistic groups harbor multiple sources of genetic diversity that likely reflect different sources for the ancestry associated with each language family. However, linguistic diversity does not completely match genetic diversity: There have been extensive interactions between the Hmong-Mien and Tai-Kadai groups; different Austro-Asiatic groups show different affinities with other ethnolinguistic groups; and we identified a likely case of cultural diffusion in which some Austro-Asiatic groups shifted to Austronesian languages during the past 2,500 years. Overall, our results highlight the importance of genome-wide data from dense sampling of ethnolinguistic groups in providing new insights into the genetic diversity and history of an ethnolinguistically diverse region, such as Vietnam.

The Malay Language in Mainland Southeast Asia

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Asmah Haji Omar ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Indian Ocean ◽  
The Netherlands ◽  
Southeast Asia ◽  
Language Policy ◽  
Holy Land ◽  
Malay Archipelago ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Indian Ocean ◽  
Asian Mainland ◽  
Mainland Southeast Asia

Today the Malay language is known to have communities of speakers outside the Malay archipelago, such as in Australia inclusive of the Christmas Islands and the Cocos (Keeling) Islands in the Indian Ocean (Asmah, 2008), the Holy Land of Mecca and Medina (Asmah et al. 2015), England, the Netherlands, France, and Germany. The Malay language is also known to have its presence on the Asian mainland, i.e. Thailand, Cambodia, and Vietnam. As Malays in these three countries belong to a minority, in fact among the smallest of the minorities, questions that arise are those that pertain to: (i) their history of settlement in the localities where they are now; (ii) the position of Malay in the context of the language policy of their country; and (iii) maintenance and shift of the ancestral and adopted languages.

The Myngoon plot: Seditious state-making and the 1902 Shan rebellion in northern Siam

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-25
Author(s):  
Andrew Walker
Keyword(s):  
Southeast Asia ◽  
Detailed History ◽  
Royal Power ◽  
History Of ◽  
Mainland Southeast Asia

In August 1902, the Siamese army occupied the northern township of Phrae after a rebellion by Shan timber workers, miners and traders. The Siamese general who investigated the rebellion claimed that the Shan attack on Phrae was part of a wider plot to restore Prince Myngoon to the Burmese throne. Myngoon was exiled from Burma in 1868 and had been living in Indochina since 1889. Most observers have regarded the so-called ‘Myngoon plot’ as implausible. This article provides the first detailed history of the plot. It argues that the plot was a product of ‘seditious state-making’ in the borderlands of mainland southeast Asia, a region in geopolitical flux. This exploration of the Myngoon plot uncovers a cosmopolitan web of seditious statecraft that extended from India, through Burma and Indochina and into Siam. The Shan rebellion was one outbreak in a region-wide web of Shan agitation dating from the early 1880s. The rebellion took place at the intersection of the competing colonial agendas of Siam, Britain and France, and various actors in this competition had been planting the seeds of a Myngoon-led rising since the 1880s. Myngoon's story was the product of a time when British, French and Siamese colonial agents were still grappling (and colluding) with dispersed and fragmented royal power.

Morphological shifts in Southeast Asian prostitution: the long twentieth century

2008 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 251-273 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eric Tagliacozzo
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Southeast Asia ◽  
Southeast Asian ◽  
Armed Conflicts ◽  
Sex Tourism ◽  
New Developments ◽  
The Third ◽  
History Of ◽  
Mainland Southeast Asia ◽  
Economic Inequalities

AbstractThis article examines the history of prostitution as a regional phenomenon in Southeast Asia over the course of the twentieth century. I argue that this institution changed shape several times during that period, and that a number of rubrics might be employed to best study this evolution. The first part of the article looks at some of the traditional parameters of prostitution as it was practised both in island and mainland Southeast Asia, while the second part of the essay traces some new developments in the burgeoning colonial age. The third part of the piece then looks at war-time prostitution as a separate phenomenon from these earlier developments, while the fourth examines the rise of sex tourism in the region, partially as an offshoot of these same armed conflicts in the middle decades of the century. Finally, the last section of the article looks at how borders, cities, and economic inequalities have acted upon each other in today’s world to change the shape of regional prostitution in Southeast Asia yet again.

Southeast Asia ‘Inside Out,’ 1300–1800: A Perspective from the Interior

1997 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 689-709 ◽  
Author(s):  
David K. Wyatt
Keyword(s):  
Southeast Asia ◽  
Past Century ◽  
The Past ◽  
History Of ◽  
Inside Out ◽  
Mainland Southeast Asia

Despite the serious studies of the past century, the history of Mainland Southeast Asia is still poorly understood. This is not to say that we do not have numerous studies of particular countries and events in individual countries; but, despite the efforts of Victor Lieberman, Anthony Reid, and others, we still lack a comprehensive sense of the dynamics of the premodern history of long periods on a region-wide basis.

scholarly journals Unravelling the Genetic History of Negritos and Indigenous Populations of Southeast Asia

2015 ◽  
Vol 7 (5) ◽  
pp. 1206-1215 ◽  
Author(s):  
Farhang Aghakhanian ◽  
Yushima Yunus ◽  
Rakesh Naidu ◽  
Timothy Jinam ◽  
Andrea Manica ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Southeast Asia ◽  
Indigenous Populations ◽  
Genetic History ◽  
History Of

On The Possibility of an Autonomous History of Modern Southeast Asia

1961 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 73-105 ◽  
Author(s):  
John R. W. Small
Keyword(s):  
Southeast Asia ◽  
Contemporary History ◽  
The Past ◽  
History Of

It is generally accepted that history is an element of culture and the historian a member of society, thus, in Croce's aphorism, that the only true history is contemporary history. It follows from this that when there occur great changes in the contemporary scene, there must also be great changes in historiography, that the vision not merely of the present but also of the past must change.

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