scholarly journals Synthetic hybrids of six yeast species

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
David Peris ◽  
William G. Alexander ◽  
Kaitlin J. Fisher ◽  
Ryan V. Moriarty ◽  
Mira G. Basuino ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Yeast Species ◽  
Synthetic Hybrids

scholarly journals Synthetic hybrids of six yeast species

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Peris ◽  
William G. Alexander ◽  
Kaitlin J. Fisher ◽  
Ryan V. Moriarty ◽  
Mira G. Basuino ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Iterative Method ◽  
Chromosome Segregation ◽  
Chromosomal Instability ◽  
Genome Stability ◽  
Yeast Species ◽  
Potential Applications ◽  
Synthetic Hybrids ◽  
Evolutionary Radiations ◽  
Multiple Species ◽  
Species Hybrids

AbstractAllopolyploidy generates diversity by increasing the number of copies and sources of chromosomes. Many of the best-known evolutionary radiations, crops, and industrial organisms are ancient or recent allopolyploids. Allopolyploidy promotes differentiation and facilitates adaptation to new environments, but the tools to test its limits are lacking. Here we develop an iterative method to combine the genomes of multiple budding yeast species, generating Saccharomyces allopolyploids of an unprecedented scale. Chromosomal instability and cell size increased dramatically as additional copies of the genome were added, but we were able to construct synthetic hybrids of up to six species. The six-species hybrids initially grew slowly, but they rapidly adapted when selection to a novel environment was applied, even as they retained traits from multiple species. These new synthetic yeast hybrids have potential applications for the study of polyploidy, genome stability, chromosome segregation, cancer, and bioenergy.One sentence summaryWe constructed six-species synthetic hybrids and showed that they were chromosomally unstable but able to adapt rapidly.

Kluyveromyces marxianus as a Probiotic Yeast: A Mini-review

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (8) ◽  
pp. 1163-1169
Author(s):  
Aziz Homayouni-Rad ◽  
Aslan Azizi ◽  
Parvin Oroojzadeh ◽  
Hadi Pourjafar
Keyword(s):  
Kluyveromyces Marxianus ◽  
Yeast Species ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Saccharomyces Boulardii ◽  
Biotechnological Products ◽  
Probiotic Yeast ◽  
Ancient Times ◽  
Main Components ◽  
Micro Organisms ◽  
Harmful Effects

Background: Yeasts play diverse roles in human life. Since ancient times, these micro organisms have been used to produce food products and beverages including bread and beer. Nowadays, the biotechnological products of yeast are some of the main components of commercial products. Objective: Some species of yeast such as Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Saccharomyces boulardii are recognized as probiotic yeast with extensive applications in the food and drug industries. However, certain species like Kluyveromyces marxianus are still not recognized as probiotic micro organisms despite their widespread industrial usage. In this study, the application of K. marxianus in preparing food and the medicinal product was reviewed in terms of its beneficial or harmful effects. Methods: Pub Med, Google Scholar, Scopus, and Science Direct databases were searched by using “Probiotics”, “Yeast”, and “Kluyveromyces marxianus”. Results: The findings suggest that K. marxianus can be recognized as a probiotic yeast species. Conclusion: It can be concluded that K. marxianus may be considered as a probiotic micro organism with a variety of commercial and medical applications.

Phenolic Imidazole Derivatives with Dual Antioxidant/Antifungal Activity: Synthesis and Structure-Activity Relationship

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 341-351 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana P. Bettencourt ◽  
Marián Castro ◽  
João P. Silva ◽  
Francisco Fernandes ◽  
Olga P. Coutinho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Antifungal Activity ◽  
Organic Molecules ◽  
Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Yeast Species ◽  
Dpph Radical ◽  
Dpph Assay ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Structure Activity ◽  
Deoxyribose Degradation

Background: Previous publications show that the addition of a phenolic antioxidant to an antifungal agent, considerably enhances the antifungal activity. Objective: Synthesis of novel compounds combining phenolic units with linear or cyclic nitrogencontaining organic molecules with antioxidant/antifungal activity using methodologies previously developed in the group. Methods: Several N- [1,2-dicyano-2- (arylidenamino) vinyl]-O-alkylformamidoximes 3 were synthesized and cyclized to 4,5-dicyano-N- (N´-alcoxyformimidoyl)-2-arylimidazoles 4 upon reflux in DMF, in the presence of manganese dioxide or to 6-cyano-8-arylpurines 5 when the reagent was refluxed in acetonitrile with an excess of triethylamine. These compounds were tested for their antioxidant activity by cyclic voltammetry, DPPH radical (DPPH•) assay and deoxyribose degradation assay. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of all compounds was evaluated against two yeast species, Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Candida albicans, and against bacteria Bacillus subtilis (Gram-positive) and Escherichia coli (Gram negative). Their cytotoxicity was evaluated in fibroblasts. Results: Among the synthetised compounds, five presented higher antioxidant activity than reference antioxidant Trolox and from these compounds, four presented antifungal activity without toxic effects in fibroblasts and bacteria. Conclusion: Four novel compounds presented dual antioxidant/antifungal activity at concentrations that are not toxic to bacteria and fibroblasts. The active molecules can be used as an inspiration for further studies in this area.

Inhibition of Yeast Growth by Tryptamine and Recovery with Tryptophan

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 48-52 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chandrika Kadkol ◽  
Ian Macreadie
Keyword(s):  
Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽  
Carbon Source ◽  
Competitive Inhibition ◽  
Yeast Species ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
The Body ◽  
Inhibitory Effects ◽  
Trna Synthetases ◽  
Fermentative Growth ◽  
Biogenic Monoamine

Background: Tryptamine, a biogenic monoamine that is present in trace levels in the mammalian central nervous system, has probable roles as a neurotransmitter and/or a neuromodulator and may be associated with various neuropsychiatric disorders. One of the ways tryptamine may affect the body is by the competitive inhibition of the attachment of tryptophan to tryptophanyl tRNA synthetases. Methods: This study has explored the effects of tryptamine on growth of six yeast species (Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Candida glabrata, C. krusei, C. dubliniensis, C. tropicalis and C. lusitaniae) in media with glucose or ethanol as the carbon source, as well as recovery of growth inhibition by the addition of tryptophan. Results: Tryptamine was found to have an inhibitory effect on respiratory growth of all yeast species when grown with ethanol as the carbon source. Tryptamine also inhibited fermentative growth of Saccharomyces cerevisiae, C. krusei and C. tropicalis with glucose as the carbon source. In most cases the inhibitory effects were reduced by added tryptophan. Conclusion: The results obtained in this study are consistent with tryptamine competing with tryptophan to bind mitochondrial and cytoplasmic tryptophanyl tRNA synthetases in yeast: effects on mitochondrial and cytoplasmic protein synthesis can be studied as a function of growth with glucose or ethanol as a carbon source. Of the yeast species tested, there is variation in the sensitivity to tryptamine and the rescue by tryptophan. The current study suggests appropriate yeast strains and approaches for further studies.

scholarly journals Biodiversity of non-Saccharomyces yeasts associated with spontaneous fermentation of Cabernet Sauvignon wines from Shangri-La wine region, China

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yue Zhao ◽  
Qingyang Sun ◽  
Shusheng Zhu ◽  
Fei Du ◽  
Ruzhi Mao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Yeast Species ◽  
Its Region ◽  
Cabernet Sauvignon ◽  
Jinsha River ◽  
Spontaneous Fermentation ◽  
Lancang River ◽  
5.8S Rrna ◽  
Colonial Morphology ◽  
26S Rrna ◽  
Wine Region

AbstractShangri-La is a wine region that has the highest altitude vineyards in China. This is the first study investigated the biodiversity of non-Saccharomyces yeasts associated with spontaneous fermentation of Cabernet Sauvignon wines produced from two sub-regions (Lancang River and Jinsha River) of Shangri-La. The culturable yeasts were preliminarily classified based on their colonial morphology on the Wallerstein Laboratory nutrient agar plates. Yeast species were identified by the sequencing of the 26S rRNA D1/D2 region and the 5.8S rRNA ITS region. Twenty-five non-Saccharomyces yeast species belonging to sixteen genera were isolated and identified in Shangri-La wine region. Candida, Hanseniaspora, Pichia, and Starmerella were found in both sub-regions, but the Lancang River showed more diverse yeast species than the Jinsha River. Shangri-La not only exhibited high diversity of non-Saccharomyces yeasts, and furthermore, seven species of non-Saccharomyces yeasts were exclusively found in this region, including B. bruxellensis, D. hansenii, M. guilliermondii, S. vini, S. diversa, T. delbrueckii and W. anomalus, which might play an important role in distinctive regional wine characteristics. This study provide a relatively comprehensive analysis of indigenous non-Saccharomyces yeasts associated with Cabernet Sauvignon from Shangri-La, and has significance for exploring ‘microbial terroir’ of wine regions in China.

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