Low dimensional nanostructures of fast ion conducting lithium nitride

Abstract As the only stable binary compound formed between an alkali metal and nitrogen, lithium nitride possesses remarkable properties and is a model material for energy applications involving the transport of lithium ions. Following a materials design principle drawn from broad structural analogies to hexagonal graphene and boron nitride, we demonstrate that such low dimensional structures can also be formed from an s-block element and nitrogen. Both one- and two-dimensional nanostructures of lithium nitride, Li3N, can be grown despite the absence of an equivalent van der Waals gap. Lithium-ion diffusion is enhanced compared to the bulk compound, yielding materials with exceptional ionic mobility. Li3N demonstrates the conceptual assembly of ionic inorganic nanostructures from monolayers without the requirement of a van der Waals gap. Computational studies reveal an electronic structure mediated by the number of Li-N layers, with a transition from a bulk narrow-bandgap semiconductor to a metal at the nanoscale.

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Understanding fast-ion conduction in solid electrolytes

Philosophical Transactions of The Royal Society A Mathematical Physical and Engineering Sciences ◽

10.1098/rsta.2019.0451 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 379 (2211) ◽

Author(s):

Benjamin J. Morgan

Keyword(s):

Solid Electrolytes ◽

Ionic Conductivities ◽

Lithium Ion ◽

Atomic Scale ◽

Nmr Studies ◽

Ion Conduction ◽

Ion Conductor ◽

Ion Conducting ◽

Fast Ion ◽

Ion Conductors

The ability of some solid materials to exhibit exceptionally high ionic conductivities has been known since the observations of Michael Faraday in the nineteenth century (Faraday M. 1838 Phil. Trans. R. Soc. 90 ), yet a detailed understanding of the atomic-scale physics that gives rise to this behaviour remains an open scientific question. This theme issue collects articles from researchers working on this question of understanding fast-ion conduction in solid electrolytes. The issue opens with two perspectives, both of which discuss concepts that have been proposed as schema for understanding fast-ion conduction. The first perspective presents an overview of a series of experimental NMR studies, and uses this to frame discussion of the roles of ion–ion interactions, crystallographic disorder, low-dimensionality of crystal structures, and fast interfacial diffusion in nanocomposite materials. The second perspective reviews computational studies of halides, oxides, sulfides and hydroborates, focussing on the concept of frustration and how this can manifest in different forms in various fast-ion conductors. The issue also includes five primary research articles, each of which presents a detailed analysis of the factors that affect microscopic ion-diffusion in specific fast-ion conducting solid electrolytes, including oxide-ion conductors Gd 2 Zr 2 O 7 and Bi 4 V 2 O 11 , lithium-ion conductors Li 6 PS 5 Br and Li 3 OCl , and the prototypical fluoride-ion conductor β - PbF 2 . This article is part of the Theo Murphy meeting issue ‘Understanding fast-ion conduction in solid electrolytes’.

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Stability and ionic mobility in argyrodite-related lithium-ion solid electrolytes

Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics ◽

10.1039/c5cp01841b ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 17 (25) ◽

pp. 16494-16506 ◽

Cited By ~ 50

Author(s):

Hao Min Chen ◽

Chen Maohua ◽

Stefan Adams

Keyword(s):

Computational Methods ◽

Solid Electrolytes ◽

Lithium Ion ◽

Ionic Mobility ◽

Migration Barriers ◽

Ion Conducting ◽

And Migration ◽

Related Compounds ◽

Ion Conducting Solids

Stabilities and migration barriers of argyrodite-type fast Li+ion-conducting solids and related compounds are systematically explored by computational methods.

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Enhancement of the lithium ion conductivity of Ta-doped Li7La3Zr2O12 by incorporation of calcium

Dalton Transactions ◽

10.1039/c7dt01573a ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 46 (29) ◽

pp. 9415-9419 ◽

Cited By ~ 21

Author(s):

Hany El-Shinawi ◽

Edmund J. Cussen ◽

Serena A. Corr

Keyword(s):

Solid State ◽

Lithium Ion ◽

Ion Conductivity ◽

Solid State Batteries ◽

All Solid State Batteries ◽

Lithium Ion Conductivity ◽

Ion Conducting ◽

Fast Ion

Fast ion conducting garnet materials have been identified as promising electrolytes for all solid-state batteries.

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Atomic Layer Deposition of LiF and Lithium Ion Conducting (AlF3)(LiF)x Alloys Using Trimethylaluminum, Lithium Hexamethyldisilazide and Hydrogen Fluoride

10.26434/chemrxiv.5459653 ◽

2017 ◽

Author(s):

Younghee Lee ◽

Daniela M. Piper ◽

Andrew S. Cavanagh ◽

Matthias J. Young ◽

Se-Hee Lee ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Lithium Ion ◽

Atomic Layer ◽

Mass Gain ◽

Alloy Film ◽

Ex Situ ◽

X Ray ◽

Layer Deposition ◽

Ion Conducting ◽

Good Agreement

<div>Atomic layer deposition (ALD) of LiF and lithium ion conducting (AlF3)(LiF)x alloys was developed using trimethylaluminum, lithium hexamethyldisilazide (LiHMDS) and hydrogen fluoride derived from HF-pyridine solution. ALD of LiF was studied using in situ quartz crystal microbalance (QCM) and in situ quadrupole mass spectrometer (QMS) at reaction temperatures between 125°C and 250°C. A mass gain per cycle of 12 ng/(cm2 cycle) was obtained from QCM measurements at 150°C and decreased at higher temperatures. QMS detected FSi(CH3)3 as a reaction byproduct instead of HMDS at 150°C. LiF ALD showed self-limiting behavior. Ex situ measurements using X-ray reflectivity (XRR) and spectroscopic ellipsometry (SE) showed a growth rate of 0.5-0.6 Å/cycle, in good agreement with the in situ QCM measurements.</div><div>ALD of lithium ion conducting (AlF3)(LiF)x alloys was also demonstrated using in situ QCM and in situ QMS at reaction temperatures at 150°C A mass gain per sequence of 22 ng/(cm2 cycle) was obtained from QCM measurements at 150°C. Ex situ measurements using XRR and SE showed a linear growth rate of 0.9 Å/sequence, in good agreement with the in situ QCM measurements. Stoichiometry between AlF3 and LiF by QCM experiment was calculated to 1:2.8. XPS showed LiF film consist of lithium and fluorine. XPS also showed (AlF3)(LiF)x alloy consists of aluminum, lithium and fluorine. Carbon, oxygen, and nitrogen impurities were both below the detection limit of XPS. Grazing incidence X-ray diffraction (GIXRD) observed that LiF and (AlF3)(LiF)x alloy film have crystalline structures. Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) and ionic chromatography revealed atomic ratio of Li:F=1:1.1 and Al:Li:F=1:2.7: 5.4 for (AlF3)(LiF)x alloy film. These atomic ratios were consistent with the calculation from QCM experiments. Finally, lithium ion conductivity (AlF3)(LiF)x alloy film was measured as σ = 7.5 × 10-6 S/cm.</div>

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Misfit layer SnTiS3: An assemble-free van der Waals heterostructure SnS/TiS2 for lithium ion battery anode

Journal of Power Sources ◽

10.1016/j.jpowsour.2021.229712 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 494 ◽

pp. 229712

Author(s):

Yue-E Huang ◽

Weilin Lin ◽

Chenguang Shi ◽

Li Li ◽

Kaiqing Fan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Lithium Ion Battery ◽

Van Der Waals ◽

Lithium Ion ◽

Van Der Waals Heterostructure ◽

Battery Anode

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Facile Synthesis of Graphene with Fast Ion/Electron Channels for High-Performance Symmetric Lithium-Ion Capacitors

ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces ◽

10.1021/acsami.1c08598 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Yongcheng Xiao ◽

Jing Liu ◽

Dong He ◽

Songbo Chen ◽

Weimin Peng ◽

...

Keyword(s):

High Performance ◽

Lithium Ion ◽

Facile Synthesis ◽

Fast Ion

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Ultrathin Yet Robust Single Lithium‐Ion Conducting Quasi‐Solid‐State Polymer‐Brush Electrolytes Enable Ultralong‐Life and Dendrite‐Free Lithium‐Metal Batteries

Advanced Materials ◽

10.1002/adma.202100943 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 2100943

Author(s):

Minghong Zhou ◽

Ruliang Liu ◽

Danyang Jia ◽

Yin Cui ◽

Qiantong Liu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Solid State ◽

Polymer Brush ◽

Lithium Ion ◽

Lithium Metal ◽

Lithium Metal Batteries ◽

Ion Conducting

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Structural, Electrical and Electrochemical Properties of Glycerolized Biopolymers Based on Chitosan (CS): Methylcellulose (MC) for Energy Storage Application

Polymers ◽

10.3390/polym13081183 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (8) ◽

pp. 1183

Author(s):

Shujahadeen B. Aziz ◽

Ahmad S. F. M. Asnawi ◽

Mohd Fakhrul Zamani Kadir ◽

Saad M. Alshehri ◽

Tansir Ahamad ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Energy Storage ◽

Ion Transport ◽

Ammonium Thiocyanate ◽

Transference Number ◽

Ionic Mobility ◽

Transport Parameters ◽

Ionic Transference Number ◽

Energy Storage Application ◽

Electrochemical Double Layer ◽

Ion Conducting

In this work, a pair of biopolymer materials has been used to prepare high ion-conducting electrolytes for energy storage application (ESA). The chitosan:methylcellulose (CS:MC) blend was selected as a host for the ammonium thiocyanate NH4SCN dopant salt. Three different concentrations of glycerol was successfully incorporated as a plasticizer into the CS–MC–NH4SCN electrolyte system. The structural, electrical, and ion transport properties were investigated. The highest conductivity of 2.29 × 10−4 S cm−1 is recorded for the electrolyte incorporated 42 wt.% of plasticizer. The complexation and interaction of polymer electrolyte components are studied using the FTIR spectra. The deconvolution (DVN) of FTIR peaks as a sensitive method was used to calculate ion transport parameters. The percentage of free ions is found to influence the transport parameters of number density (n), ionic mobility (µ), and diffusion coefficient (D). All electrolytes in this work obey the non-Debye behavior. The highest conductivity electrolyte exhibits the dominancy of ions, where the ionic transference number, tion value of (0.976) is near to infinity with a voltage of breakdown of 2.11 V. The fabricated electrochemical double-layer capacitor (EDLC) achieves the highest specific capacitance, Cs of 98.08 F/g at 10 mV/s by using the cyclic voltammetry (CV) technique.

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Van der Waals Epitaxy of GaSe on GaAs(111)

MRS Proceedings ◽

10.1557/proc-340-537 ◽

1994 ◽

Vol 340 ◽

Author(s):

L. E. Rumaner ◽

F.S. Ohuchi

Keyword(s):

Lattice Mismatch ◽

Van Der Waals ◽

Three Dimensional ◽

Structured Materials ◽

Lattice Matching ◽

Molecular Beam Deposition ◽

Crystal Films ◽

Low Dimensional ◽

Matching Constraints ◽

Lattice Matched

ABSTRACTAlthough heteroepitaxy of lattice-matched and lattice-mismatched materials leading to artificially structured materials has resulted in impressive performance in various electronics devices, material combinations are usually limited by lattice matching constraints. A new concept for fabricating material systems using the atomically abrupt and low dimensional nature of layered materials, called van der Waals epitaxy (VDWE), has been developed. GaSe (Eg = 2.1 eV) has been deposited on the three dimensional surface of GaAs (111) using a molecular beam deposition system. GaSe was evaporated from a single Knudsen source, impinging on a heated substrate. Even with a lattice mismatch of 6% between the substrate and the growing film, good quality single crystal films were grown as determined by RHEED. The films have further been analyzed using a complementary combination of XPS and X-ray reflectivity.

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