Three-dimensional Cardiomyocytes Structure Revealed By Diffusion Tensor Imaging and Its Validation Using a Tissue-Clearing Technique

Objective:Recent cross-sectional studies suggest that brain changes in schizophrenia are progressive during the course of the disorder. However, it remains unknown whether this is a global process or whether some brain areas are affected to a greater degree. The aim of this study was to examine the longitudinal brain changes in patients with chronic older schizophrenia by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).Methods:Three-dimensional (3D) T1-weighted and diffusion tensor (DT) MRI were performed twice on each of 16 chronic older schizophrenia patients (mean age = 58.1 ± 6.7 years ) with an interval of 1 year between imaging sessions. To clarify the longitudinal morphological and white matter changes, volume data and normalised diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) metrics were compared between the first and follow-up studies using a paired t-test.Results:Focal cortical volume loss was observed in the left prefrontal lobe and anterior cingulate on volumetric study. In addition, DTI metrics changed significantly at the bilateral posterior superior temporal lobes, left insula, genu of the corpus callosum and anterior cingulate.Conclusion:There are ongoing changes in the brains of schizophrenic patients during the course of the illness. Discrepancies between volume data and DTI metrics may indicate that the pattern of progressive brain changes varies according to brain region.

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Clinical Translation of Three-Dimensional Scar, Diffusion Tensor Imaging, Four-Dimensional Flow, and Quantitative Perfusion in Cardiac MRI: A Comprehensive Review

Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine ◽

10.3389/fcvm.2021.682027 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 8 ◽

Author(s):

Sophie Paddock ◽

Vasiliki Tsampasian ◽

Hosamadin Assadi ◽

Bruno Calife Mota ◽

Andrew J. Swift ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Diffusion Tensor Imaging ◽

Diffusion Tensor ◽

Personalised Medicine ◽

Three Dimensional ◽

Reference Method ◽

Tissue Characterisation ◽

Clinical Tool ◽

4D Flow ◽

Ablation Therapy ◽

Dimensional Flow

Cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) imaging is a versatile tool that has established itself as the reference method for functional assessment and tissue characterisation. CMR helps to diagnose, monitor disease course and sub-phenotype disease states. Several emerging CMR methods have the potential to offer a personalised medicine approach to treatment. CMR tissue characterisation is used to assess myocardial oedema, inflammation or thrombus in various disease conditions. CMR derived scar maps have the potential to inform ablation therapy—both in atrial and ventricular arrhythmias. Quantitative CMR is pushing boundaries with motion corrections in tissue characterisation and first-pass perfusion. Advanced tissue characterisation by imaging the myocardial fibre orientation using diffusion tensor imaging (DTI), has also demonstrated novel insights in patients with cardiomyopathies. Enhanced flow assessment using four-dimensional flow (4D flow) CMR, where time is the fourth dimension, allows quantification of transvalvular flow to a high degree of accuracy for all four-valves within the same cardiac cycle. This review discusses these emerging methods and others in detail and gives the reader a foresight of how CMR will evolve into a powerful clinical tool in offering a precision medicine approach to treatment, diagnosis, and detection of disease.

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Analysis of Three-Dimensional Fiber Tractography of the Corpus Callosum with Changing Number of Diffusion Direction by Using Magnetic Resonance Diffusion Tensor Imaging at 3.0 Tesla

Journal of the Korean Physical Society ◽

10.3938/jkps.59.2362 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 59 (3) ◽

pp. 2362-2367

Author(s):

Youl-Hun Seoung

Keyword(s):

Diffusion Tensor Imaging ◽

Magnetic Resonance ◽

Corpus Callosum ◽

Diffusion Tensor ◽

Three Dimensional ◽

Fiber Tractography ◽

3.0 Tesla

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Mean diffusivity, fractional anisotropy maps, and three-dimensional white-matter tractography by diffusion tensor imaging. Comparison between single-shot fast spin-echo and single-shot echo-planar sequences at 1.5 Tesla

European Radiology ◽

10.1007/s00330-007-0805-9 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 18 (4) ◽

pp. 830-834 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

Masaaki Hori ◽

Keiichi Ishigame ◽

Nobuyuki Shiraga ◽

Hiroshi Kumagai ◽

Shigeki Aoki ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Diffusion Tensor Imaging ◽

Diffusion Tensor ◽

Spin Echo ◽

Three Dimensional ◽

Mean Diffusivity ◽

Fast Spin Echo ◽

Single Shot ◽

White Matter Tractography ◽

Echo Planar ◽

Fast Spin

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Three-dimensional visualization of major white matter tracts by diffusion tensor imaging-based fiber tracking

International Congress Series ◽

10.1016/j.ics.2004.03.015 ◽

2004 ◽

Vol 1268 ◽

pp. 703-706 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Ch. Nimsky ◽

O Ganslandt ◽

A.G Sorensen ◽

R Fahlbusch

Keyword(s):

Diffusion Tensor Imaging ◽

White Matter ◽

Diffusion Tensor ◽

Three Dimensional ◽

Fiber Tracking ◽

White Matter Tracts

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Zero-shot fMRI decoding with three-dimensional registration based on diffusion tensor imaging

Scientific Reports ◽

10.1038/s41598-018-30676-3 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 8 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Takuya Fuchigami ◽

Yumi Shikauchi ◽

Ken Nakae ◽

Manabu Shikauchi ◽

Takeshi Ogawa ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Diffusion Tensor Imaging ◽

Diffusion Tensor ◽

Three Dimensional

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Investigation of PRDM10 and PRDM13 Expression in Developing Mouse Embryos by an Optimized PACT-Based Embryo Clearing Method

International Journal of Molecular Sciences ◽

10.3390/ijms22062892 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 22 (6) ◽

pp. 2892

Author(s):

Jiwon Woo ◽

Byung-Ho Jin ◽

Mirae Lee ◽

Eunice Yoojin Lee ◽

Hyung-Seok Moon ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Structural Integrity ◽

Three Dimensional ◽

Mouse Embryos ◽

Tissue Clearing ◽

Recent Developments ◽

Clearing Technique ◽

Biological Circuits ◽

Pr Domain ◽

Clearing Method ◽

Developing Nervous System

Recent developments in tissue clearing methods have significantly advanced the three-dimensional analysis of biological structures in whole, intact tissue, providing a greater understanding of spatial relationships and biological circuits. Nonetheless, studies have reported issues with maintaining structural integrity and preventing tissue disintegration, limiting the wide application of these techniques to fragile tissues such as developing embryos. Here, we present an optimized passive tissue clearing technique (PACT)-based embryo clearing method, initial embedding PACT (IMPACT)-Basic, that improves tissue rigidity without compromising optical transparency. We also present IMPACT-Advance, which is specifically optimized for thin slices of mouse embryos past E13.5. We demonstrate proof-of-concept by investigating the expression of two relatively understudied PR domain (PRDM) proteins, PRDM10 and PRDM13, in intact cleared mouse embryos at various stages of development. We observed strong PRDM10 and PRDM13 expression in the developing nervous system and skeletal cartilage, suggesting a functional role for these proteins in these tissues throughout embryogenesis.

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CLINICAL EVALUATION AND FOLLOW-UP OUTCOME OF DIFFUSION TENSOR IMAGING-BASED FUNCTIONAL NEURONAVIGATION

Neurosurgery ◽

10.1227/01.neu.0000303189.80049.ab ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 61 (5) ◽

pp. 935-949 ◽

Cited By ~ 229

Author(s):

Jin-Song Wu ◽

Liang-Fu Zhou ◽

Wei-Jun Tang ◽

Ying Mao ◽

Jin Hu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽

Diffusion Tensor Imaging ◽

Diffusion Tensor ◽

Three Dimensional ◽

Low Grade ◽

Resonance Imaging ◽

Low Grade Gliomas ◽

Cerebral Gliomas ◽

Functional Neuronavigation

Abstract OBJECTIVE To evaluate diffusion tensor imaging (DTI)-based functional neuronavigation in surgery of cerebral gliomas with pyramidal tract (PT) involvement with respect to both perioperative assessment and follow-up outcome. METHODS A prospective, randomized controlled study was conducted between 2001 and 2005. A consecutive series of 238 eligible patients with initial imaging diagnosis of cerebral gliomas involving PTs were randomized into study (n = 118) and control (n = 120) groups. The study cases underwent DTI and three-dimensional magnetic resonance imaging scans. The maps of fractional anisotropy were calculated for PT mapping. Both three-dimensional magnetic resonance imaging data sets and fractional anisotropy maps were integrated by rigid registration, after which the tumor and adjacent PT were segmented and reconstructed for presurgical planning and intraoperative guidance. The control cases were operated on using routine neuronavigation. RESULTS There was a trend for high-grade gliomas (HGGs) in the study group to be more likely to achieve gross total resection (74.4 versus 33.3%, P < 0.001). There was no significant difference of low-grade gliomas resection between the two groups. Postoperative motor deterioration occurred in 32.8% of control cases, whereas it occurred in only 15.3% of the study cases (P < 0.001). The 6-month Karnofsky Performance Scale score of study cases was significantly higher than that of control cases (86 ± 20 versus 74 ± 28 overall, P < 0.001; 93 ± 10 versus 86 ± 17 for low-grade gliomas, P = 0.013; and 77 ± 27 versus 53 ± 32 for HGGs, P = 0.001). For 81 HGGs, the median survival of study cases was 21.2 months (95% confidence interval, 14.1–28.3 mo) compared with 14.0 months (95% confidence interval, 10.2–17.8 mo) of control cases (P = 0.048). The estimated hazard ratio for the effect of DTI-based functional neuronavigation was 0.570, representing a 43.0% reduction in the risk of death. CONCLUSION DTI-based functional neuronavigation contributes to maximal safe resection of cerebral gliomas with PT involvement, thereby decreasing postoperative motor deficits for both HGGs and low-grade gliomas while increasing high-quality survival for HGGs.

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Corticospinal Tract Change during Motor Recovery in Patients with Medulla Infarct: A Diffusion Tensor Imaging Study

BioMed Research International ◽

10.1155/2014/524096 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 2014 ◽

pp. 1-5 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Dongdong Rong ◽

Miao Zhang ◽

Qingfeng Ma ◽

Jie Lu ◽

Kuncheng Li

Keyword(s):

Diffusion Tensor Imaging ◽

Corticospinal Tract ◽

Diffusion Tensor ◽

Three Dimensional ◽

Imaging Study ◽

Internal Capsule ◽

Motor Recovery ◽

Motor Deficits ◽

Cerebral Peduncle ◽

The Right

Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) and tractography (DTT) provide a powerful vehicle for investigating motor recovery mechanisms. However, little is known about these mechanisms in patients with medullary lesions. We used DTI and DTT to evaluate three patients presenting with motor deficits following unilateral medulla infarct. Patients were scanned three times during 1 month (within 7, 14, and 30 days after stroke onset). Fractional anisotropy (FA) values were measured in the medulla, cerebral peduncle, and internal capsule. The three-dimensional corticospinal tract (CST) was reconstructed using DTT. Patients 1 and 2 showed good motor recovery after 14 days, and the FA values of their affected CST were slightly decreased. DTTs demonstrated that the affected CST passed along periinfarct areas and that tract integrity was preserved in the medulla. Patient 3 had the most obvious decrease in FA values along the affected CST, with motor deficits of the right upper extremity after 30 days. The affected CST passed through the infarct and was disrupted in the medulla. In conclusion, DTI can detect the involvement and changes of the CST in patients with medulla infarct during motor recovery. The degree of degeneration and spared periinfarct CST compensation may be an important motor recovery mechanism.

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