scholarly journals Normal red blood cells’ shape stabilized by membrane’s in-plane ordering

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Mesarec ◽  
W. Góźdź ◽  
A. Iglič ◽  
V. Kralj-Iglič ◽  
E. G. Virga ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Red Blood Cells ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Extrinsic Curvature ◽  
The Body ◽  
Main Function ◽  
Disorder Phase Transition ◽  
Body Tissues ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Membrane Shape

AbstractRed blood cells (RBCs) are present in almost all vertebrates and their main function is to transport oxygen to the body tissues. RBCs’ shape plays a significant role in their functionality. In almost all mammals in normal conditions, RBCs adopt a disk-like (discocyte) shape, which optimizes their flow properties in vessels and capillaries. Experimentally measured values of the reduced volume (v) of stable discocyte shapes range in a relatively broad window between v ~ 0.58 and 0.8. However, these observations are not supported by existing theoretical membrane-shape models, which predict that discocytic RBC shape is stable only in a very narrow interval of v values, ranging between v ~ 0.59 and 0.65. In this study, we demonstrate that this interval is broadened if a membrane’s in-plane ordering is taken into account. We model RBC structures by using a hybrid Helfrich-Landau mesoscopic approach. We show that an extrinsic (deviatoric) curvature free energy term stabilizes the RBC discocyte shapes. In particular, we show on symmetry grounds that the role of extrinsic curvature is anomalously increased just below the nematic in-plane order-disorder phase transition temperature.

scholarly journals A Survey on the Prevalence of Anaemia in Pregnant and Lactating Women Eating Processed Food

2021 ◽  
pp. 95-101
Author(s):  
Shakti Ketan Prusty ◽  
Pratap Kumar Sahu
Keyword(s):  
Red Blood Cells ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
The Body ◽  
Future Perspective ◽  
Processed Food ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Close Link ◽  
Lactating Women ◽  
Body Tissues ◽  
Current Survey

Anaemia is a medical condition in which there is less number of red blood cells in the blood. Lack of sufficient healthy red blood cells in blood is observed in anaemia patients. In human beings, blood carries oxygen to other body tissues, transport of oxygen is done by red blood cells. An anaemic person always feels tired and weak. Weakness is because of less oxygen in body tissues. The body requirement of iron in pregnant and lactating women is generally high, insufficient intake of iron results in anaemia. Survey on the prevalence of anaemia in the different age group is done but the current survey also puts light on a factor which is not covered before. Because of good taste and availability, processed food intake is increasing in every household. A close link of high intake of processed food and nutrient deficiency in pregnant and lactating women, especially iron deficiency is observed. The current survey opens the future perspective to conduct more research on the connection between packaged food eating habits and prevalence of various diseases.

scholarly journals Adenosine and Inflammation: Here, There and Everywhere

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (14) ◽  
pp. 7685
Author(s):  
Silvia Pasquini ◽  
Chiara Contri ◽  
Pier Andrea Borea ◽  
Fabrizio Vincenzi ◽  
Katia Varani
Keyword(s):  
Protective Factor ◽  
Therapeutic Strategies ◽  
The Body ◽  
Main Function ◽  
Pathogenetic Mechanism ◽  
Pharmacological Profile ◽  
Endogenous Modulator ◽  
Almost All ◽  
G Protein Coupled

Adenosine is a ubiquitous endogenous modulator with the main function of maintaining cellular and tissue homeostasis in pathological and stress conditions. It exerts its effect through the interaction with four G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) subtypes referred as A1, A2A, A2B, and A3 adenosine receptors (ARs), each of which has a unique pharmacological profile and tissue distribution. Adenosine is a potent modulator of inflammation, and for this reason the adenosinergic system represents an excellent pharmacological target for the myriad of diseases in which inflammation represents a cause, a pathogenetic mechanism, a consequence, a manifestation, or a protective factor. The omnipresence of ARs in every cell of the immune system as well as in almost all cells in the body represents both an opportunity and an obstacle to the clinical use of AR ligands. This review offers an overview of the cardinal role of adenosine in the modulation of inflammation, showing how the stimulation or blocking of its receptors or agents capable of regulating its extracellular concentration can represent promising therapeutic strategies for the treatment of chronic inflammatory pathologies, neurodegenerative diseases, and cancer.

Questions on the role of biofilms for the adaptation of microorganisms to unfavorable environmental factors by the example of P. aeruginosa

2020 ◽  
Vol 99 (4) ◽  
pp. 379-383
Author(s):  
Vasily N. Afonyushkin ◽  
N. A. Donchenko ◽  
Ju. N. Kozlova ◽  
N. A. Davidova ◽  
V. Yu. Koptev ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Barrier Function ◽  
Infectious Agent ◽  
Antagonistic Activity ◽  
The Body ◽  
Main Function ◽  
Pathogenic Potential ◽  
The Face

Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a widely represented species of bacteria possessing of a pathogenic potential. This infectious agent is causing wound infections, fibrotic cystitis, fibrosing pneumonia, bacterial sepsis, etc. The microorganism is highly resistant to antiseptics, disinfectants, immune system responses of the body. The responses of a quorum sense of this kind of bacteria ensure the inclusion of many pathogenicity factors. The analysis of the scientific literature made it possible to formulate four questions concerning the role of biofilms for the adaptation of P. aeruginosa to adverse environmental factors: Is another person appears to be predominantly of a source an etiological agent or the source of P. aeruginosa infection in the environment? Does the formation of biofilms influence on the antibiotic resistance? How the antagonistic activity of microorganisms is realized in biofilm form? What is the main function of biofilms in the functioning of bacteria? A hypothesis has been put forward the effect of biofilms on the increase of antibiotic resistance of bacteria and, in particular, P. aeruginosa to be secondary in charcter. It is more likely a biofilmboth to fulfill the function of storing nutrients and provide topical competition in the face of food scarcity. In connection with the incompatibility of the molecular radii of most antibiotics and pores in biofilm, biofilm is doubtful to be capable of performing a barrier function for protecting against antibiotics. However, with respect to antibodies and immunocompetent cells, the barrier function is beyond doubt. The biofilm is more likely to fulfill the function of storing nutrients and providing topical competition in conditions of scarcity of food resources.

Role of Adhesion Molecules and Vascular Endothelium in the Pathogenesis of Sickle Cell Disease

Hematology ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 2007 (1) ◽  
pp. 84-90 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marilyn J. Telen
Keyword(s):  
Sickle Cell Disease ◽  
Red Blood Cells ◽  
Adhesion Molecules ◽  
Sickle Cell ◽  
Vascular Endothelium ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Cell Disease ◽  
Adhesive Interactions ◽  
Lines Of Evidence

AbstractA number of lines of evidence now support the hypothesis that vaso-occlusion and several of the sequelae of sickle cell disease (SCD) arise, at least in part, from adhesive interactions of sickle red blood cells, leukocytes, and the endothelium. Both experimental and genetic evidence provide support for the importance of these interactions. It is likely that future therapies for SCD might target one or more of these interactions.

scholarly journals Role of Calcium in Phosphatidylserine Externalisation in Red Blood Cells from Sickle Cell Patients

Anemia ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erwin Weiss ◽  
David Charles Rees ◽  
John Stanley Gibson
Keyword(s):  
Red Blood Cells ◽  
Sickle Cell ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Phosphatidylserine Exposure ◽  
Channel Inhibition ◽  
Cation Conductance ◽  
Gardos Channel ◽  
Cation Permeability

Phosphatidylserine exposure occurs in red blood cells (RBCs) from sickle cell disease (SCD) patients and is increased by deoxygenation. The mechanisms responsible remain unclear. RBCs from SCD patients also have elevated cation permeability, and, in particular, a deoxygenation-induced cation conductance which mediates entry, providing an obvious link with phosphatidylserine exposure. The role of was investigated using FITC-labelled annexin. Results confirmed high phosphatidylserine exposure in RBCs from SCD patients increasing upon deoxygenation. When deoxygenated, phosphatidylserine exposure was further elevated as extracellular [] was increased. This effect was inhibited by dipyridamole, intracellular chelation, and Gardos channel inhibition. Phosphatidylserine exposure was reduced in high saline. levels required to elicit phosphatidylserine exposure were in the low micromolar range. Findings are consistent with entry through the deoxygenation-induced pathway (), activating the Gardos channel. [] required for phosphatidylserine scrambling are in the range achievablein vivo.

The role of red blood cells in the progression and instability of atherosclerotic plaque

2010 ◽  
Vol 142 (1) ◽  
pp. 2-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dimitrios N. Tziakas ◽  
Georgios K. Chalikias ◽  
Dimitrios Stakos ◽  
Harisios Boudoulas
Keyword(s):  
Red Blood Cells ◽  
Atherosclerotic Plaque ◽  
Blood Cells

Clock gene-independent daily regulation of haemoglobin oxidation in red blood cells

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew D. Beale ◽  
Priya Crosby ◽  
Utham K. Valekunja ◽  
Rachel S. Edgar ◽  
Johanna E. Chesham ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Circadian Rhythms ◽  
Red Blood Cells ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Human Subjects ◽  
Developmental Regulation ◽  
Physiological Role ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
The Body

AbstractCellular circadian rhythms confer daily temporal organisation upon behaviour and physiology that is fundamental to human health and disease. Rhythms are present in red blood cells (RBCs), the most abundant cell type in the body. Being naturally anucleate, RBC circadian rhythms share key elements of post-translational, but not transcriptional, regulation with other cell types. The physiological function and developmental regulation of RBC circadian rhythms is poorly understood, however, partly due to the small number of appropriate techniques available. Here, we extend the RBC circadian toolkit with a novel biochemical assay for haemoglobin oxidation status, termed “Bloody Blotting”. Our approach relies on a redox-sensitive covalent haem-haemoglobin linkage that forms during cell lysis. Formation of this linkage exhibits daily rhythms in vitro, which are unaffected by mutations that affect the timing of circadian rhythms in nucleated cells. In vivo, haemoglobin oxidation rhythms demonstrate daily variation in the oxygen-carrying and nitrite reductase capacity of the blood, and are seen in human subjects under controlled laboratory conditions as well as in freely-behaving humans. These results extend our molecular understanding of RBC circadian rhythms and suggest they serve an important physiological role in gas transport.

EFEKTIVITAS PEMBERIAN INFUSED WATER KURMA TERHADAP PENINGKATAN KADAR HEMOGLOBIN REMAJA PUTRI KEBIDANAN POLTEKKES MEDAN TAHUN 2020

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 64-69
Author(s):  
HIJRA HIDAYANA ◽  
Suswati Suswati
Keyword(s):  
Red Blood Cells ◽  
Adolescent Girls ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
The Body ◽  
Rank Test ◽  
Plain Water ◽  
P Value ◽  
Signed Rank ◽  
Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test ◽  
Signed Rank Test

Hemoglobin is the red pigment-protein contained in red blood cells. The function of hemoglobin is to transport oxygen from the lungs and in the bloodstream to be carried to the tissues. Hemoglobin can increase by increasing the intake of iron in the body. One way to increase hemoglobin can be done by giving method Infused Water Dates. Infused water is a drink consisting of plain water with fresh fruit added and soaking or settling together for a certain time. The making of infused water is carried out by soaking for a period of 0 to 12 hours, so that the infused water becomes a liquid medium that carries more nutrients than ordinary water and will be more easily absorbed by cells and distributed throughout the body (Sidauruk, 2018 ). In several studies, it is stated that dates can increase hemoglobin levels in the blood. Where dates contain iron, vitamin A, vitamin C, protein to form red blood cells. With the method, Infused Water the date palm water becomes alkaline so that it can accelerate the absorption process in the body. The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of dates infused water provision to increase hemoglobin levels of midwifery adolescent girls at Medan Health Polytechnic in 2020. This research was quasi-experimental study using the One Group Pretest-Posttest Without Control Design approach. The sample in this study were 20 respondents of midwifery adolescent girls from Medan Health Polytechnic, using the technique of purposive sampling. The statistical test used wa the Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test because the data was not normal. The results of the Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test obtained the value of P-Value = 0.001. So it can be concluded that the date infused water  is effective in increasing hemoglobin levels of midwifery adolescent girls at Medan Health Polytechnic in 2020.   Keywords: Dates Infused Water, Increased Hemoglobin Levels, Girls Adolescent

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document