scholarly journals Particulate matter emission sources and meteorological parameters combine to shape the airborne bacteria communities in the Ligurian coast, Italy

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Giorgia Palladino ◽  
Pietro Morozzi ◽  
Elena Biagi ◽  
Erika Brattich ◽  
Silvia Turroni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Particulate Matter ◽  
Meteorological Parameters ◽  
Holistic Approach ◽  
Medium Size ◽  
Emission Sources ◽  
Industrial Emissions ◽  
Particulate Matter Emission ◽  
Compositional Structure ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Ligurian Coast

AbstractAim of the present study is to explore how the chemical composition of particulate matter (PM) and meteorological conditions combine in shaping the air microbiome in Savona (Italy), a medium-size, heavily inhabited urban settlement, hosting a wide range of industrial activities. In particular, the air microbiome and PM10 were monitored over six months in 2012. During that time, the air microbiome was highly dynamic, fluctuating between different compositional states, likely resulting from the aerosolization of different microbiomes emission sources. According to our findings, this dynamic process depends on the combination of local meteorological parameters and particle emission sources, which may affect the prevalent aerosolized microbiomes, thus representing further fundamental tools for source apportionment in a holistic approach encompassing chemical as well as microbiological pollution. In particular, we showed that, in the investigated area, industrial emissions and winds blowing from the inlands combine with an airborne microbiome which include faecal microbiomes components, suggesting multiple citizens’ exposure to both chemicals and microorganisms of faecal origin, as related to landscape exploitation and population density. In conclusion, our findings support the need to include monitoring of the air microbiome compositional structure as a relevant factor for the final assessment of local air quality.

scholarly journals Particulate Matter emission sources and meteorological parameters combine to shape the airborne microbiome communities in the Ligurian coast, Italy

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giorgia Palladino ◽  
Pietro Morozzi ◽  
Elena Biagi ◽  
Erika Brattich ◽  
Silvia Turroni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Particulate Matter ◽  
Meteorological Parameters ◽  
Observation Time ◽  
Meteorological Conditions ◽  
Emission Sources ◽  
Relevant Factor ◽  
Industrial Emissions ◽  
Particulate Matter Emission ◽  
Compositional Structure ◽  
Ligurian Coast

AbstractHere we explore how the chemical composition of particulate matter (PM) and meteorological conditions combine in shaping the air microbiome in a heavily inhabited industrial urban settlement. During the observation time, the air microbiome was highly dynamic, fluctuating between different compositional states, likely resulting from the aerosolization of different microbiomes emission sources. This dynamic process depends on the combination of local meteorological parameters and particle emission sources, which may affect the prevalent aerosolized microbiomes. In particular, we showed that, in the investigated area, industrial emissions and winds blowing from the inlands combine with an airborne microbiome that includes faecal microbiomes components, suggesting multiple citizens’ exposure to both chemicals and microorganisms of faecal origin, as related to landscape exploitation and population density. In conclusion, our findings support the need to include monitoring of the air microbiome compositional structure as a relevant factor for the final assessment of local air quality.

scholarly journals Spatial analysis of air masses backward trajectories in order to identify distant sources of fine particulate matter emission / Analiza przestrzenna wstecznych trajektorii mas powietrza w celu rozpoznania odległych źródeł emisji pyłu drobnego

2015 ◽  
Vol 41 (2) ◽  
pp. 28-35 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jolanta Godłowska ◽  
Monika J. Hajto ◽  
A. Monika Tomaszewska
Keyword(s):  
Particulate Matter ◽  
Spatial Analysis ◽  
Fine Particulate Matter ◽  
Emission Sources ◽  
Air Masses ◽  
Backward Trajectories ◽  
Particulate Matter Emission ◽  
Aggregate Information ◽  
Fine Particulate ◽  
The Impact

Abstract The paper presents a method of identifying distant emission sources of fine particulate matter PM2.5 affecting significantly PM2.5 concentrations at a given location. The method involves spatial analysis of aggregate information about PM2.5 concentrations measured at the location and air masses backward trajectories calculated by HYSPLIT model. The method was examined for three locations of PM2.5 measurement stations (Diabla Góra, Gdańsk, and Katowice) which represented different environmental conditions. The backward trajectories were calculated starting from different heights (30, 50, 100 and 150 m a. g. l.). All points of a single backward trajectory were assigned to the PM2.5 concentration corresponding to the date and the site of the beginning of trajectory calculation. Daily average concentrations of PM2.5 were used, and in the case of Gdańsk also hourly ones. It enabled to assess the effectiveness of the presented method using daily averages if hourly ones were not available. Locations of distant sources of fine particulate matter emission were determined by assigning to each grid node a mean value of PM2.5 concentrations associated with the trajectories points located within the so-called search ellipse. Nearby sources of fine particulate matter emission were eliminated by filtering the trajectories points located close to each other (so-called duplicates). The analyses covered the period of January-March 2010. The results indicated the different origin of air masses in the northern and southern Poland. In Diabla Góra and Gdańsk the distant sources of fine particulate matter emission are identified in Belarus and Russia. In Katowice the impact of the Belarusian PM2.5 emission sources was also noted but as the most important fine particulate matter emission sources were considered those located in the area of Romania, Hungary, Slovakia and Ukraine.

scholarly journals The influence of emission sources on particulate matter pollution in adjacent areas

2019 ◽  
pp. 253-258
Author(s):  
Valeriu Danciulescu ◽  
Luoana Florentina Pascu ◽  
Mihaela Petrescu ◽  
Andreea Cozea ◽  
Raluca Diodiu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Particulate Matter ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Anthropogenic Activities ◽  
Ambient Air ◽  
Industrial Plant ◽  
Emission Sources ◽  
Adjacent Area ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Neighbouring Area ◽  
Particulate Matter Pollution

Particulates generated by anthropogenic activities are found in the ambient air in varying amounts, in a wide range of sizes and in a wide variety of chemical composition. The concentration of particulates at one site, as well as their composition, are influenced by their origin and dispersion factors. By chemical and dimensional analysis of particulates in an area, we can draw preliminary conclusions about the origin and level of pollution in that area. This paper presents the results obtained by concomitant monitoring of particulates emissions and the concentration of particulate matter in ambient air in the adjacent area of an industrial plant. The result of the measurements obtained and their correlation with the specific conditions during the monitoring period lead us to the conclusion that the concentration of particulate matter at the emission sources directly influences the concentrations of particulate matter in the neighbouring area.

scholarly journals Disparities in Distribution of Particulate Matter Emission Sources by Race and Poverty Status

2018 ◽  
Vol 108 (4) ◽  
pp. 480-485 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ihab Mikati ◽  
Adam F. Benson ◽  
Thomas J. Luben ◽  
Jason D. Sacks ◽  
Jennifer Richmond-Bryant
Keyword(s):  
Particulate Matter ◽  
Emission Sources ◽  
Particulate Matter Emission ◽  
Poverty Status

scholarly journals Discrimination of particulate matter emission sources using stochastic methods

2016 ◽  
Vol 463 ◽  
pp. 452-466
Author(s):  
Andrzej Szczurek ◽  
Monika Maciejewska ◽  
Agnieszka Wyłomańska ◽  
Grzegorz Sikora ◽  
Michał Balcerek ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Particulate Matter ◽  
Stochastic Methods ◽  
Emission Sources ◽  
Particulate Matter Emission

Museum Preserves in the Sphere of “Cultural Tourism”: Through the Example of the Cultural Preserves of Tatarstan

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 193-198
Author(s):  
Lyudmila S. Timofeeva ◽  
Albina R. Akhmetova ◽  
Liliya R. Galimzyanova ◽  
Roman R. Nizaev ◽  
Svetlana E. Nikitina
Keyword(s):  
19Th Century ◽  
Art Museum ◽  
Medium Size ◽  
Business Elite ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Tourist Center ◽  
Regional Authorities ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
The City

Abstract The article studies the existence experience of historical cities as centers of tourism development as in the case of Elabuga. The city of Elabuga is among the historical cities of Russia. The major role in the development of the city as a tourist center is played by the Elabuga State Historical-Architectural and Art Museum-Reserve. The object of the research in the article is Elabuga as a medium-size historical city. The subject of the research is the activity of the museum-reserve which contributes to the preservation and development of the historical look of Elabuga and increases its attractiveness to tourists. The tourism attractiveness of Elabuga is obtained primarily through the presence of the perfectly preserved historical center of the city with the blocks of integral buildings of the 19th century. The Elabuga State Historical-Architectural and Art Museum-Reserve, which emerged in 1989, is currently an object of historical and cultural heritage of federal importance. Museum-reserves with their significant territories and rich historical, cultural and natural heritage have unique resources for the implementation of large partnership projects. Such projects are not only aimed at attracting a wide range of tourists, but also stimulate interest in the reserve from the business elite, municipal and regional authorities. The most famous example is the Spasskaya Fair which revived in 2008 in Elabuga. It was held in the city since the second half of the 19th century, and was widely known throughout Russia. The process of the revival and successful development of the fair can be viewed as the creation of a special tourist event contributing to the formation of new and currently important tourism products.

scholarly journals Effects of urban atmospheric particulate matter on higher plants using Lycopersicon esculentum as model species

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (9) ◽  
Author(s):  
Katalin Hubai ◽  
Nora Kováts ◽  
Gábor Teke
Keyword(s):  
Particulate Matter ◽  
Lycopersicon Esculentum ◽  
Protein Content ◽  
Higher Plants ◽  
Nutrient Content ◽  
Atmospheric Particulate Matter ◽  
Dose Effect ◽  
Atmospheric Particulate ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Treatment Experiment

AbstractAtmospheric particulate matter (PM) is one of the major environmental concerns in Europe. A wide range of studies has proved the ecotoxic potential of atmospheric particles. PM exerts chemical stress on vegetation by its potentially toxic constituents; however, relatively few studies are available on assessing phytotoxic effects under laboratory conditions. In our study, aqueous extract of particulate matter was prepared and used for treatment. Experiment was following the procedure defined by the No. 227 OECD Guideline for the Testing of Chemicals: Terrestrial Plant Test. Tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) plants were used; elucidated toxicity was assessed based on morphological and biochemical endpoints such as biomass, chlorophyll-a and chlorophyll-b, carotenoids, and protein content. Biomass reduction and protein content showed a clear dose–effect relationship; the biomass decreased in comparison with the control (100%) in all test groups (TG) at a steady rate (TG1: 87.73%; TG2: 71.77%; TG3: 67.01%; TG4: 63.63%). The tendency in protein concentrations compared to the control was TG1: 113.61%; TG2: 148.21% TG3: 160.52%; TG4: 157.31%. However, pigments showed a ‘Janus-faced’ effect: nutrient content of the sample caused slight increase at lower doses; actual toxicity became apparent only at higher doses (chlorophyll-a concentration decrease was 84.47% in TG4, chlorophyll-b was 77.17%, and finally, carotene showed 83.60% decrease in TG4).

scholarly journals Multi-Oxygenated Organic Compounds in Fine Particulate Matter Collected in the Western Mediterranean Area

Atmosphere ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 94
Author(s):  
Esther Borrás ◽  
Luis Antonio Tortajada-Genaro ◽  
Francisco Sanz ◽  
Amalia Muñoz
Keyword(s):  
Particulate Matter ◽  
Carboxylic Acids ◽  
Organic Compounds ◽  
Organic Pollutants ◽  
Mediterranean Area ◽  
Western Mediterranean ◽  
Anthropogenic Sources ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Industrial Emissions ◽  
Tetradecanoic Acid

The chemical characterization of aerosols, especially fine organic fraction, is a relevant atmospheric challenge because their composition highly depends on localization. Herein, we studied the concentration of multi-oxygenated organic compounds in the western Mediterranean area, focusing on sources and the effect of air patterns. The organic aerosol fraction ranged 3–22% of the total organic mass in particulate matter (PM)2.5. Seventy multi-oxygenated organic pollutants were identified by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry, including n-alkanones, n-alcohols, anhydrosugars, monocarboxylic acids, dicarboxylic acids, and keto-derivatives. The highest concentrations were found for carboxylic acids, such as linoleic acid, tetradecanoic acid and, palmitic acid. Biomarkers for vegetation sources, such as levoglucosan and some fatty acids were detected at most locations. In addition, carboxylic acids from anthropogenic sources—mainly traffic and cooking—have been identified. The results indicate that the organic PM fraction in this region is formed mainly from biogenic pollutants, emitted directly by vegetation, and from the degradation products of anthropogenic and biogenic volatile organic pollutants. Moreover, the chemical profile suggested that this area is interesting for aerosol studies because several processes such as local costal breezes, industrial emissions, and desert intrusions affect fine PM composition.

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