scholarly journals Experimental study on the properties of modern blue clay brick for Kaifeng People's Conference Hall

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shaochun Ma ◽  
Youwen Wu ◽  
Peng Bao
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Water Absorption ◽  
Performance Studies ◽  
Clay Brick ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Pore Characteristics ◽  
Clay Bricks ◽  
Building Assessment ◽  
Current Design ◽  
Softening Coefficient

AbstractThis article presents building assessment research comprising on-site inspections, indoor scientific tests, and material performance studies on the wall blue clay bricks in the Kaifeng People’s Conference Hall, objectively developing an enhanced scientific understanding to renovate modern buildings. Using X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), alongside a parametric study of density, moisture content, water absorption, void ratio, frosting, compressive strength, and softening coefficient in assessing the material health of the blue clay bricks and it’s non-key parts, in developing “appropriate and compatible renovation” to repair contemporaneous buildings. The composition, pore characteristics, weathering degree, and mechanical properties of the blue clay brick samples were analyzed. These parameters showed that blue clay brick fired at less than 1000 °C; the main mineral composition as quartz, followed by albite, mica, and anorthite. Its density was 1.573 g/cm3, less than the 1.70 g/cm3 of ordinary clay brick. According to the standards, the water absorption was greater than that of regular sintered bricks by more than 18% and was slightly frosted. Compressive strength being less than MU10 did not meet the current design specifications for masonry. Its softening coefficient was between 0.70 and 0.85, but its water resistance was relatively good. The research results provide an essential reference for judging the health and longevity of modern buildings to achieve scientific guidelines for practical protection.

scholarly journals Study on High Energy Propellant Waste in the Processing of Fired Clay Bricks

2020 ◽  
Vol 70 (6) ◽  
pp. 596-602
Author(s):  
P.K. Mehta ◽  
A. Kumaraswamy ◽  
V. K. Saraswat ◽  
Praveen Kumar B.
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Water Absorption ◽  
Pore Formation ◽  
High Energy ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Clay Bricks ◽  
Baking Process ◽  
Fired Bricks ◽  
Xrd Studies

Utilisation of propellant waste in fabrication of bricks is not only used as efficient waste disposal method but also to get better functional properties. In the present study, high energy propellant (HEP) waste additive mixed with soil and fly ash in different proportions during manufacturing of bricks has been investigated experimentally. X-ray diffraction (XRD) studies were carried out to confirm the brick formation and the effect of HEP waste. Ceramic bricks were fabricated with HEP waste additive in proper proportions i.e. 0.5 wt %, 1.0 wt %, 1.5 wt %, 2.0 wt %, 2.5 wt %, 3 wt %, 3.5 wt %, and 4 wt % and then evaluated for water absorption capability and compressive strength. Compressive strength of 6.7 N/mm2, and Water absorption of 22 % have been observed from modified fired bricks impregnated with HEM waste additive. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) studies were carried out to analyze the effect of HEP waste additive on pore formation and distribution in the bricks. Further, the heat resulting from decomposition of propellants can cause a decrease in the energy required of baking process. The process of manufacturing of bricks with HEP waste additive is first of its kind till date.

Mechanical Properties and Thermal Conductivity of Lightweight Clay Bricks Fabricated with a Powdered Marble Dust Additive

2018 ◽  
Vol 777 ◽  
pp. 465-470
Author(s):  
Sutas Janbuala ◽  
Mana Eambua ◽  
Arpapan Satayavibul ◽  
Watcharakhon Nethan
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Thermal Conductivity ◽  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Water Absorption ◽  
Bulk Density ◽  
Firing Temperature ◽  
Apparent Porosity ◽  
Clay Brick ◽  
Clay Bricks ◽  
Marble Dust

The objective of this study was to recycle powdered marble dust to improve mechanical properties and thermal conductivity of lightweight clay bricks. Varying amounts of powdered marble dust (10, 20, 30, and 40 vol.%) were added to a lightweight clay brick at the firing temperatures of 900, 1000, and 1100 °C. When higher quantities of powdered marble dust were added, the values of porosity and water absorption increased while those of thermal conductivity and bulk density decreased. The decrease in apparent porosity and water absorption were also affected by the increase in firing temperature. The most desirable properties of the clay bricks were obtained for the powdered marble dust content of 40 vol.% and firing temperature 900 °C: bulk density of 1.20 g/cm3, compressive strength 9.2 MPa, thermal conductivity 0.32 W/m.K, and water absorption 22.5%.

Application of Dry Grass for Clay Brick Manufacturing

2017 ◽  
Vol 757 ◽  
pp. 35-39
Author(s):  
Nonthaphong Phonphuak
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Water Absorption ◽  
Optimal Condition ◽  
Bulk Density ◽  
Firing Temperature ◽  
Apparent Porosity ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Clay Brick ◽  
Clay Bricks

In this paper, effects of incorporation of dry grass on the properties of clay bricks were investigated. Clay bricks fabricated with 0, 2.5, 5 and 7.5 % (w/w) of dry grass were tested. The clay brick specimens were fired at 900, 1000 and 1100 °C to study for bulk density, apparent porosity water absorption and compressive strength of brick samples were investigated. Results revealed that the bulk density of clay bricks were reduced when dry grass dosages increased. Results also shown that the increasing in bulk density were obtained when the firing temperature increased. The compressive strength of clay bricks was decreased when dry grass dosages increased. The addition of 2.5 % (w/w) dry grass fired at 1100 °C showed the optimal condition which indicated 11.6 MPa of compressive strength and 1.78 g/cm3 of bulk density. However, results indicated that a decrease in water absorption and apparent porosity were found when the firing temperature increased. Test results also revealed that the addition of dry grass for clay brick production lead to utilize a potential material as the additive to raw clay-bricks in the manufacturing of lightweight clay bricks.

Influence of Rice Husk Ash on the Engineering Properties of Fired-Clay Brick

2013 ◽  
Vol 795 ◽  
pp. 14-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y.C. Khoo ◽  
I. Johari ◽  
Zainal Arifin Ahmad
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Water Absorption ◽  
Rice Husk ◽  
Rice Husk Ash ◽  
Engineering Properties ◽  
Clay Brick ◽  
Minimum Requirement ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Clay Bricks ◽  
Sand Temperature

The aim of this study is to determine the influence of rice husk ash (RHA) on the engineering properties of fired-clay brick with the present of 10% sand. Temperature 1200°C is selected as the optimum temperature based on the preliminaries study. X-ray Diffraction (XRD) and X-Ray Fluorescence (XRF), were carried out to determine the characteristic of raw materials used. Mechanical properties of rice husk ash-clay bricks are determined in terms of compressive strength, porosity and water absorption. The results shows that increase in RHA replacement percentage reduce the compressive strength and linear shrinkage of fired-clay bricks while the porosity and water absorption value increase. From the investigation, we can conclude that the optimum mixing ratio for fired-clay brick containing RHA is 15% because it complied with the minimum requirement for building material in term of strength and water absorption.

Effect of Rice Husk and Rice Husk Ash on Properties of Lightweight Clay Bricks

2015 ◽  
Vol 659 ◽  
pp. 74-79 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sutas Janbuala ◽  
Thanakorn Wasanapiarnpong
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Organic Matter ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Water Absorption ◽  
Bulk Density ◽  
Rice Husk ◽  
Rice Husk Ash ◽  
Clay Brick ◽  
Clay Bricks ◽  
The Difference

The objective of this study is to investigate the effect of rice husk and rice husk ash which have the difference chemical composition and organic matter on porosity and properties of lightweight clay brick . Comparative adding between rice husk and rice husk ash were varied by 10, 20, 30, 40 % by weight. The results showed that more adding of rice husk and rice husk ash increase pore in microstructure and water absorption, while decrease bulk density. Porosity and water absorption are maximized when the rice husk are added at 40 %. The clay brick with 10, 20 and 30 % of rice husk or rice husk ash addition showed the required density and compressive strength followed the industrial standard of lightweight brick. The addition with 10 % of rice husk showed the best properties as 1.20 g/cm3 of bulk density and 4.6 MPa of compressive strength with 36.57 % of porosity. Whereas, the 10 % addition of rice husk ash showed 1.18 g/cm3 of bulk density and 5.97 MPa with 37.27 % of porosity.

scholarly journals Influence of the diameter of ground date pits on the technological properties of clay bricks

Cerâmica ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 64 (372) ◽  
pp. 589-597 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Djafri ◽  
N. Chelouah
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Conductivity ◽  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Water Absorption ◽  
Apparent Density ◽  
Technological Properties ◽  
Clay Brick ◽  
Sem Micrographs ◽  
Clay Bricks ◽  
Different Diameters ◽  
Date Pits

Abstract The main aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of diameter of ground date pits (GDP) on the technological properties of a clay brick. For this purpose, increasing amounts of GDP (0, 5, 10, 15 and 20 wt%) with different diameters were mixed with a clay to produce clay bricks by pressing, drying and then firing at 900 °C. The GDP diameter and content changed the water requirement for plasticity. The shrinkage, water absorption and apparent porosity of fired clay brick increased with the content and diameter of GDP. The compressive strength, apparent density and thermal conductivity of the samples decreased with the increase in diameter and content of GDP. With the help of SEM micrographs, it was observed that the combustion of added GDP in the mixture led to a reduction in the diameter of pores formed in the fired clay brick samples.

Comparison of Dolomite Clay and Cullet Addition on Physical and Mechanical Properties of Clay Bricks

2018 ◽  
Vol 766 ◽  
pp. 241-245
Author(s):  
Rattaphon Kantajan ◽  
Soravich Mulinta
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Water Absorption ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Component Ratio ◽  
Clay Brick ◽  
Red Clay ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Clay Bricks

The purpose of this study was to study and characterize the properties of physical – mechanical for clay bricks. The raw materials used in the study are from local sources. They are Sri Khum red clay, dolomite and cullet. The component ratio of clay brick as an addition Sri Khum red clay 50–90 %, foaming agent (dolomite and cullet) 10–50%. The characterization of raw material was analyzed by particle analyzer, X-ray fluorescence (XRF) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The shrinkage, water absorption and compressive strength of clay brick were tested. The results showed that the properties of clay bricks after firing at temperature at 900°C were studied. The Sri Khum red clay 80% and cullet 20% had a shrinkage of 6.95%, water absorption of 20.4% and compressive strength of 182 kg/cm2. The physical – mechanical of clay brick achieved the requirements of Thai industrial standard (TIS 77-2545).

THERMAL CONDUCTIVITY, COMPRESSIVE STRENGTH AND WATER ABSORPTION OF RECYCLED COCONUT FIBRE AND CRUSHED CLAY BRICK MASONRY

2015 ◽  
Vol 76 (11) ◽  
Author(s):  
Renga Rao Krishnamoorth ◽  
Thevaneyan Krista David
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Conductivity ◽  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Thermal Properties ◽  
Water Absorption ◽  
Green Building ◽  
Clay Brick ◽  
Coconut Fiber ◽  
Commercial Development ◽  
Line Heat Source ◽  
Clay Bricks

This study aims to investigate the thermal conductivity, compressive strength and water absorption analysis of recycled masonry bricks using coconut fiber and crushed clay bricks as a partial sand replacement to create a green building material. The variable ratios of coconut fiber were considered and 10 specimens per sample were manufactured manual process using hand. Four (4) series of brick mix design from the total weight of the sand with different levels of coconut fiber and crushed clay brick replace half of the sand was created as irregular mixes comprises of 0%, 2%, 4% and 6% of coconut fiber. Overall, the use of coconut fiber and crushed clay brick as a partial sand replacement reduce the brick thermal conductivity. Thermal properties were measured based on the transient line heat source method using a KD2 Pro thermal properties analyzer. The suitable percentage of partial sand replacement for sand-cement brick using coconut fiber in this study was 4% and 50% of crushed clay brick after compared to commercial brick. The average sample of 4% coconut fiber was 0.532 W/mk of thermal conductivity and 18.74MPa compressive strength with density of 1716.28 kg/m3. In short, the thermal insulation potential of coconut fiber and crushed clay brick is highly promising for commercial development in Malaysia.

scholarly journals Enhancing physical-thermal-mechanical properties of fired clay bricks by eggshell as a bio-filler and flux

2019 ◽  
Vol 51 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nuchnapa Tangboriboon ◽  
Sopita Moonsri ◽  
Atima Netthip ◽  
Watchara Sangwan ◽  
Anuvat Sirivat
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Thermal Expansion ◽  
Thermal Properties ◽  
Water Absorption ◽  
Extrusion Process ◽  
Clay Brick ◽  
Clay Bricks ◽  
Low Thermal Expansion ◽  
Thermal Mechanical Properties

Fired clay bio-bricks were prepared by adding eggshell as a bio-filler and flux into earthenware clay compounds via an extrusion process. In this study, the suiTab. conditions for clay bricks preparation were firing at 1000?C for a period of 5 h. Adding 20 wt% eggshell powder into the clay brick yielded good physical-mechanical-thermal properties: high compressive strength and hardness, low thermal expansion coefficient, and low water absorption. The measured compressive strength, hardness, and refractory water absorption were 7.0 MPa, 6.0 HV, and less than 15 wt%, respectively. The obtained clay brick with the eggshell powder added as shown here is potential for uses as bricks for construction and thermal insulation.

scholarly journals Baking-free Bricks Prepared from the Muck and Slag Cement

2020 ◽  
Vol 01 ◽  
Author(s):  
Z. Wang ◽  
L. J. Yang ◽  
H. J. Chen ◽  
L. Z. Pei
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Water Absorption ◽  
Mechanical Performance ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Hydration Reaction ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Slag Cement ◽  
Atmosphere Environment ◽  
Softening Coefficient ◽  
Coefficient Stability

Background: Baking-free bricks take the advantages of saving energy and soil, environmentally friendly and sustainable development. It is interesting to prepare baking-free muck bricks using the muck as the main raw materials by the curing process under the atmosphere environment. Methods: The muck baking-free bricks were analysed by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The roles of the ratio of the slag cement to muck on the compressive strength, water absorption, softening coefficient, stability of the freeze-thaw cycles and stability of the drying and watering cycles of the muck bricks have been investigated. Results: The compressive strength and softening coefficient of the muck bricks are the highest with the value of 15.81 MPa and 0.80, respectively, the water absorption and mass loss ratio are the lowest with the value of 8.12% and 0.61%, respectively when the ratio of the slag cement to muck is 1: 4. Hydration products are formed by the hydration reaction resulting in the increase of the density and compressive strength of the muck baking-free bricks. Conclusion: Muck baking-free bricks with good physical performance have been prepared using slag cement as the cementing materials for the consolidation of muck. The obtained baking-free bricks exhibit high mechanical performance.

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