scholarly journals Analysis of risk factors associated with gas embolism and evaluation of predictors of mortality in 482 loggerhead sea turtles

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Franchini ◽  
C. Valastro ◽  
S. Ciccarelli ◽  
P. Trerotoli ◽  
S. Paci ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sea Turtles ◽  
Sea Turtle ◽  
Organ Injury ◽  
Neurological Deficits ◽  
Gas Embolism ◽  
Loggerhead Sea Turtles ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Predictors Of Mortality ◽  
Bycatch Reduction ◽  
Positive Correlations

AbstractSea turtles that are entrapped in static and towed nets may develop gas embolism which can lead to severe organ injury and death. Trawling characteristics, physical and physiologic factors associated with gas-embolism and predictors of mortality were analysed from 482 bycaught loggerheads. We found 204 turtles affected by gas-embolism and significant positive correlations between the presence of gas-embolism and duration, depth, ascent rate of trawl, turtle size and temperature, and between mortality and ascent time, neurological deficits, significant acidosis and involvement of > 12 cardiovascular sites and the left atrium and sinus venosus-right atrium. About 90% turtles with GE alive upon arrival at Sea Turtle Clinic recovered from the disease without any supportive drug therapy. Results of this study may be useful in clinical evaluation, prognostication, and management for turtles affected by gas-embolism, but bycatch reduction must become a priority for major international organizations. According to the results of the present study the measures to be considered to reduce the catches or mortality of sea turtles for trawling are to be found in the modification of fishing nets or fishing operations and in greater awareness and education of fishermen.

scholarly journals Gas Embolism Assessment in Sea Turtles: Predictors of Mortality for the Deadliest Pathology related to Trawling

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Delia Franchini ◽  
Carmela Valastro ◽  
Stefano Ciccarelli ◽  
Paolo Trerotoli ◽  
Serena Paci ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
International Organizations ◽  
Right Atrium ◽  
Sea Turtles ◽  
Organ Injury ◽  
Neurological Deficits ◽  
Gas Embolism ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Predictors Of Mortality ◽  
Bycatch Reduction ◽  
Positive Correlations

Abstract Sea turtles that are entrapped in static and towed nets may develop gas embolism which can lead to severe organ injury and death. Physical and physiologic factors associated with gas-embolism and predictors of mortality were analysed from 482 bycaught loggerheads. We found 204 turtles affected by gas-embolism and significant positive correlations between the presence of gas-embolism and duration, depth of trawl and turtle size and temperature and between mortality and neurological deficits, significant acidosis and involvement of > 12 cardiovascular sites and the left atrium and sinus venosus-right atrium. 164 turtles were released to the sea. Results of this study may be useful in clinical evaluation, prognostication, and treatment for turtles affected by gas-embolism, but bycatch reduction must become a priority for major international organizations.

scholarly journals Fisheries bycatch reduction within the least-cost biodiversity mitigation hierarchy: Conservatory offsets with an application to sea turtles

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dale Squires ◽  
Victor Restrepo ◽  
Serge Garcia ◽  
Peter Dutton
Keyword(s):  
Sea Turtles ◽  
Sea Turtle ◽  
Impact Mitigation ◽  
Bycatch Reduction ◽  
Conservation Programme ◽  
Mitigation Hierarchy ◽  
Turtle Conservation ◽  
Sea Turtle Conservation ◽  
Fisheries Bycatch

This paper considers fisheries bycatch reduction within the least-cost biodiversity impact mitigation hierarchy. It introduces conservatory offsets that are implemented earlier in the biodiversity impact mitigation hierarchy than conventional compensatory offsets used as instruments of last resort. The paper illustrates implementation in an on-going sea turtle conservation programme by the International Seafood Sustainability Foundation.

scholarly journals Relative abundance of oceanic juvenile loggerhead sea turtles in relation to nest production at source rookeries: implications for recruitment dynamics

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Frederic Vandeperre ◽  
Hugo Parra ◽  
Christopher K. Pham ◽  
Miguel Machete ◽  
Marco Santos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Relative Abundance ◽  
Sea Turtles ◽  
Climatic Variability ◽  
Sea Turtle ◽  
Loggerhead Sea Turtles ◽  
Turtle Species ◽  
Stage Juvenile ◽  
Reproductive Females ◽  
Nesting Beaches ◽  
Nest Abundance

Abstract After hatching, juveniles of most sea turtle species undertake long migrations across ocean basins and remain in oceanic habitats for several years. Assessing population abundance and demographic parameters during this oceanic stage is challenging. Two long-recognized deficiencies in population assessment are (i) reliance on trends in numbers of nests or reproductive females at nesting beaches and (ii) ignorance of factors regulating recruitment to the early oceanic stage. To address these critical gaps, we examined 15 years of standardized loggerhead sighting data collected opportunistically by fisheries observers in the Azores archipelago. From 2001 to 2015, 429 loggerheads were sighted during 67,922 km of survey effort. We used a model-based approach to evaluate the influence of environmental factors and present the first estimates of relative abundance of oceanic-stage juvenile sea turtles. During this period, relative abundance of loggerheads in the Azores tracked annual nest abundance at source rookeries in Florida when adjusted for a 3-year lag. This concurrence of abundance patterns indicates that recruitment to the oceanic stage is more dependent on nest abundance at source rookeries than on stochastic processes derived from short term climatic variability, as previously believed.

Intraerythrocytic inclusion bodies in the loggerhead sea turtle Caretta caretta from Madeira

2000 ◽  
Vol 80 (5) ◽  
pp. 957-958 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.C. Eiras ◽  
T. Dellinger ◽  
A.J. Davies ◽  
G. Costa ◽  
A.P. Alves de Matos
Keyword(s):  
Red Blood Cells ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Inclusion Bodies ◽  
Sea Turtles ◽  
Caretta Caretta ◽  
Sea Turtle ◽  
Loggerhead Sea Turtles ◽  
Loggerhead Sea Turtle ◽  
Intracytoplasmic Inclusion ◽  
Intracytoplasmic Inclusion Bodies

Intracytoplasmic inclusion bodies were detected in the mature red blood cells of twenty juvenile loggerhead sea turtles, Caretta caretta, captured in Madeira. The bodies were mostly single, round to oval, frequently irregular in outline, and their diameter varied from 0.5 to 2.0 μm. Most bodies were associated with small granular areas, often in the form of a tail or projection. In some cells, only granular areas were apparent. The nuclei of most erythrocytes were irregular in outline but degeneration of red blood cells was not observed. The identity of these intraerythrocytic structures is not clear but they may be viral or rickettsial in nature.

scholarly journals First record of loggerhead sea turtles Caretta caretta in Sebastián Vizcaíno Bay, Baja California Peninsula, Mexico

2020 ◽  
Vol 48 (1) ◽  
pp. 146-149
Author(s):  
Helena Fernández-Sanz ◽  
Fabián Castillo Romero ◽  
Joaquín Rivera Rodríguez ◽  
Noé López Paz ◽  
Gabriel Arturo Zaragoza Aguilar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Baja California ◽  
Sea Turtles ◽  
Chelonia Mydas ◽  
Caretta Caretta ◽  
First Record ◽  
Sea Turtle ◽  
Baja California Peninsula ◽  
Loggerhead Sea Turtles ◽  
Biometric Data ◽  
Loggerhead Sea Turtle

The loggerhead sea turtle (Caretta caretta) is an endangered species which distributes around the west coast of the Baja California Peninsula. In Baja California Sur, the conservation efforts for this species were focused in the Gulf of Ulloa; however, within the Pacific coast of the Baja California Peninsula, Sebastián Vizcaíno Bay (SVB) biological active center suit the optimal conditions for the presence of loggerheads. This study aimed to investigate SVB as a potential foraging area for loggerheads. Between July and August 2018, three prospective surveys were conducted, in search of marine turtles in SVB. A total of three loggerhead turtles and one eastern Pacific green turtle (Chelonia mydas) were captured; biometric data were recorded, and organisms were classified as juveniles. This is the first report of the loggerhead sea turtles in the SVB and given the oceanographic characteristics of the bay, it is a potential foraging and development area for the species.

Barnacles (Cirripedia, Thoracica) and associated epibionts from sea turtles in the central Mediterranean

Crustaceana ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 85 (4-5) ◽  
pp. 533-549 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Casale ◽  
M. D’Addario ◽  
D. Freggi ◽  
R. Argano
Keyword(s):  
Sea Turtles ◽  
Caretta Caretta ◽  
Sea Turtle ◽  
Pioneer Species ◽  
Body Parts ◽  
Central Mediterranean ◽  
Benthic Habitats ◽  
Loggerhead Sea Turtles ◽  
Juvenile Mortality ◽  
Host Habitat

The association patterns and ecology of sea turtle epibionts, and especially obligate epibionts, are still poorly known. Epibiont communities were investigated in the central Mediterranean Sea in relation to the host habitat and seven species of barnacles, three amphipods, one crab, and one tanaid were found on 117 loggerhead sea turtles, Caretta caretta. Particular attention was given to barnacles, some of them being obligate turtle epibionts, with a total of 3330 individuals examined, among which high intraspecific aggregation was observed. Results indicate that (i) the species composition of barnacles varies among turtles frequenting not only different geographic areas but also different habitats in the same area, (ii) different species have marked preferences for hosts frequenting pelagic vs. benthic habitats, and also (iii) for body parts of the host representing microhabitats with different features and trophic opportunities, (iv) settlement is favoured by the presence of conspecific individuals and possibly also (v) by individuals of related species, notably Chelonibia testudinaria that may act as a pioneer species, and finally (vi) barnacles show rapid turnover on turtles, with relatively short lives, rapid growth, and high juvenile mortality.

scholarly journals Helminth Infection of the Loggerhead Sea Turtle Caretta caretta along the Coasts of Sicily and the North West Adriatic Sea

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 1408
Author(s):  
Antonino Gentile ◽  
Tullia Amato ◽  
Andrea Gustinelli ◽  
Maria Letizia Fioravanti ◽  
Delia Gambino ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adriatic Sea ◽  
Sea Turtles ◽  
Single Species ◽  
Caretta Caretta ◽  
Sea Turtle ◽  
Helminth Parasites ◽  
Loggerhead Sea Turtles ◽  
Loggerhead Sea Turtle ◽  
North West ◽  
The North

We provide new data on the presence of helminth parasites in 64 individual loggerhead sea turtles Caretta caretta stranded along the coasts of Sicily and the northwest Adriatic Sea between June 2014 and August 2016. The necropsy examination revealed 31 individuals (48.4%) positive for endoparasites, showing a greater prevalence of trematodes than nematodes. In particular, seven species and a single genus of Trematoda (Hapalotrema) and a single species and genus of Nematoda (Kathlania) were identified. Among the Digenea flukes the species with the highest prevalence of infection were Rhytidodes gelatinosus (34.6%) and Hapalotrema sp. (33.3%), while among the Nematoda they were Kathlania sp. (33.3%) and Sulcascaris sulcata (33.3%). Analysis of variance (ANOVA) was applied among the recovery sites of the stranded loggerhead sea turtles and prevalence of endoparasites was used to highlight any relationship between the parasites and the origin of the hosts. ANOVA showed significant differences (p < 0.001) among the data used.

The widely occurring brittlestar Ophiactis savignyi (Amphilepidida: Ophiactidae) as an epibiont on loggerhead sea turtle, Caretta caretta

Zootaxa ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 4695 (5) ◽  
pp. 497-500
Author(s):  
RYOTA HAYASHI ◽  
MASANORI OKANISHI
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Sea Turtles ◽  
Caretta Caretta ◽  
Sea Turtle ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Loggerhead Sea Turtles ◽  
Loggerhead Sea Turtle ◽  
First Occurrence

We describe the first occurrence of the widely occurring brittlestar Ophiactis savignyi (Müller & Troschel, 1842) as epibionts on Caretta caretta (Linnaeus, 1758), the loggerhead sea turtles. On the sea turtle epibionts, the coronulid barnacles were well studied as listed in Hayashi (2013), and recently some crustaceans were collected from loggerhead sea turtles and described as new species (Tanabe et al. 2017; Tanaka and Hayashi 2019). In contrast, echinoderm epibionts listed from sea turtles are poorly understood (Table 1) and this study represents the novel discovery of an ophiuroid, which was not previously known to occur on the surface of this species. 

scholarly journals Characterization of oral and cloacal microbial communities of wild and rehabilitated loggerhead sea turtles (Caretta caretta)

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Klara Filek ◽  
Adriana Trotta ◽  
Romana Gračan ◽  
Antonio Di Bello ◽  
Marialaura Corrente ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Communities ◽  
Sea Turtles ◽  
Caretta Caretta ◽  
Sea Turtle ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Oral Microbiota ◽  
Wild Animals ◽  
Stepping Stones ◽  
Loggerhead Sea Turtles ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background Microbial communities of wild animals are being increasingly investigated to provide information about the hosts’ biology and promote conservation. Loggerhead sea turtles (Caretta caretta) are a keystone species in marine ecosystems and are considered vulnerable in the IUCN Red List, which led to growing efforts in sea turtle conservation by rescue centers around the world. Understanding the microbial communities of sea turtles in the wild and how affected they are by captivity, is one of the stepping stones in improving the conservation efforts. Describing oral and cloacal microbiota of wild animals could shed light on the previously unknown aspects of sea turtle holobiont biology, ecology, and contribute to best practices for husbandry conditions. Results We describe the oral and cloacal microbiota of Mediterranean loggerhead sea turtles by 16S rRNA gene sequencing to compare the microbial communities of wild versus turtles in, or after, rehabilitation at the Adriatic Sea rescue centers and clinics. Our results show that the oral microbiota is more sensitive to environmental shifts than the cloacal microbiota, and that it does retain a portion of microbial taxa regardless of the shift from the wild and into rehabilitation. Additionally, Proteobacteria and Bacteroidetes dominated oral and cloacal microbiota, while Kiritimatiellaeota were abundant in cloacal samples. Unclassified reads were abundant in the aforementioned groups, which indicates high incidence of yet undiscovered bacteria of the marine reptile microbial communities. Conclusions We provide the first insights into the oral microbial communities of wild and rehabilitated loggerhead sea turtles, and establish a framework for quick and non-invasive sampling of oral and cloacal microbial communities, useful for the expansion of the sample collection in wild loggerhead sea turtles. Finally, our investigation of effects of captivity on the gut-associated microbial community provides a baseline for studying the impact of husbandry conditions on turtles’ health and survival upon their return to the wild.

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