scholarly journals Gas Embolism Assessment in Sea Turtles: Predictors of Mortality for the Deadliest Pathology related to Trawling

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Delia Franchini ◽  
Carmela Valastro ◽  
Stefano Ciccarelli ◽  
Paolo Trerotoli ◽  
Serena Paci ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
International Organizations ◽  
Right Atrium ◽  
Sea Turtles ◽  
Organ Injury ◽  
Neurological Deficits ◽  
Gas Embolism ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Predictors Of Mortality ◽  
Bycatch Reduction ◽  
Positive Correlations

Abstract Sea turtles that are entrapped in static and towed nets may develop gas embolism which can lead to severe organ injury and death. Physical and physiologic factors associated with gas-embolism and predictors of mortality were analysed from 482 bycaught loggerheads. We found 204 turtles affected by gas-embolism and significant positive correlations between the presence of gas-embolism and duration, depth of trawl and turtle size and temperature and between mortality and neurological deficits, significant acidosis and involvement of > 12 cardiovascular sites and the left atrium and sinus venosus-right atrium. 164 turtles were released to the sea. Results of this study may be useful in clinical evaluation, prognostication, and treatment for turtles affected by gas-embolism, but bycatch reduction must become a priority for major international organizations.

scholarly journals Analysis of risk factors associated with gas embolism and evaluation of predictors of mortality in 482 loggerhead sea turtles

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Franchini ◽  
C. Valastro ◽  
S. Ciccarelli ◽  
P. Trerotoli ◽  
S. Paci ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sea Turtles ◽  
Sea Turtle ◽  
Organ Injury ◽  
Neurological Deficits ◽  
Gas Embolism ◽  
Loggerhead Sea Turtles ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Predictors Of Mortality ◽  
Bycatch Reduction ◽  
Positive Correlations

AbstractSea turtles that are entrapped in static and towed nets may develop gas embolism which can lead to severe organ injury and death. Trawling characteristics, physical and physiologic factors associated with gas-embolism and predictors of mortality were analysed from 482 bycaught loggerheads. We found 204 turtles affected by gas-embolism and significant positive correlations between the presence of gas-embolism and duration, depth, ascent rate of trawl, turtle size and temperature, and between mortality and ascent time, neurological deficits, significant acidosis and involvement of > 12 cardiovascular sites and the left atrium and sinus venosus-right atrium. About 90% turtles with GE alive upon arrival at Sea Turtle Clinic recovered from the disease without any supportive drug therapy. Results of this study may be useful in clinical evaluation, prognostication, and management for turtles affected by gas-embolism, but bycatch reduction must become a priority for major international organizations. According to the results of the present study the measures to be considered to reduce the catches or mortality of sea turtles for trawling are to be found in the modification of fishing nets or fishing operations and in greater awareness and education of fishermen.

Hyperbaric treatment of air or gas embolism: current recommendations

2019 ◽  
pp. 673-683
Author(s):  
Richard E. Moon ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Animal Studies ◽  
Decompression Sickness ◽  
Bubble Formation ◽  
Endothelial Damage ◽  
Neurological Deficits ◽  
Breath Hold ◽  
Gas Embolism ◽  
Hyperbaric Treatment ◽  
Pulmonary Capillaries ◽  
Venous Gas Embolism

Gas can enter arteries (arterial gas embolism, AGE) due to alveolar-capillary disruption (caused by pulmonary over-pressurization, e.g. breath-hold ascent by divers) or veins (venous gas embolism, VGE) as a result of tissue bubble formation due to decompression (diving, altitude exposure) or during certain surgical procedures where capillary hydrostatic pressure at the incision site is subatmospheric. Both AGE and VGE can be caused by iatrogenic gas injection. AGE usually produces stroke-like manifestations, such as impaired consciousness, confusion, seizures and focal neurological deficits. Small amounts of VGE are often tolerated due to filtration by pulmonary capillaries; however VGE can cause pulmonary edema, cardiac “vapor lock” and AGE due to transpulmonary passage or right-to-left shunt through a patient foramen ovale. Intravascular gas can cause arterial obstruction or endothelial damage and secondary vasospasm and capillary leak. Vascular gas is frequently not visible with radiographic imaging, which should not be used to exclude the diagnosis of AGE. Isolated VGE usually requires no treatment; AGE treatment is similar to decompression sickness (DCS), with first aid oxygen then hyperbaric oxygen. Although cerebral AGE (CAGE) often causes intracranial hypertension, animal studies have failed to demonstrate a benefit of induced hypocapnia. An evidence-based review of adjunctive therapies is presented.

scholarly journals Fisheries bycatch reduction within the least-cost biodiversity mitigation hierarchy: Conservatory offsets with an application to sea turtles

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dale Squires ◽  
Victor Restrepo ◽  
Serge Garcia ◽  
Peter Dutton
Keyword(s):  
Sea Turtles ◽  
Sea Turtle ◽  
Impact Mitigation ◽  
Bycatch Reduction ◽  
Conservation Programme ◽  
Mitigation Hierarchy ◽  
Turtle Conservation ◽  
Sea Turtle Conservation ◽  
Fisheries Bycatch

This paper considers fisheries bycatch reduction within the least-cost biodiversity impact mitigation hierarchy. It introduces conservatory offsets that are implemented earlier in the biodiversity impact mitigation hierarchy than conventional compensatory offsets used as instruments of last resort. The paper illustrates implementation in an on-going sea turtle conservation programme by the International Seafood Sustainability Foundation.

Novel Use of a Shark Model to Elicit Innate Behavioral Responses in Sea Turtles: Application to Bycatch Reduction in Commercial Fisheries

2014 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 237-246 ◽  
Author(s):  
Angela Bostwick ◽  
Benjamin M. Higgins ◽  
André M. Landry ◽  
Marti L McCracken
Keyword(s):  
Sea Turtles ◽  
Behavioral Responses ◽  
Commercial Fisheries ◽  
Bycatch Reduction

scholarly journals Outcomes of Venoarterial Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation for Cardiac Arrest in Adult Patients in the United States

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
George Gill ◽  
Jignesh K. Patel ◽  
Diego Casali ◽  
Georgina Rowe ◽  
Hongdao Meng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiac Arrest ◽  
Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation ◽  
Hospital Mortality ◽  
Coronary Intervention ◽  
The United States ◽  
Mortality Factors ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Predictors Of Mortality ◽  
Membrane Oxygenation ◽  
Nationally Representative

Background Factors associated with poor prognosis following receipt of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) in adults with cardiac arrest remain unclear. We aimed to identify predictors of mortality in adults with cardiac arrest receiving ECMO in a nationally representative sample. Methods and Results The US Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project's National Inpatient Sample was used to identify 782 adults hospitalized with cardiac arrest who received ECMO between 2006 and 2014. The primary outcome of interest was all‐cause in‐hospital mortality. Factors associated with mortality were analyzed using multivariable logistic regression. The overall in‐hospital mortality rate was 60.4% (n=472). Patients who died were older and more often men, of non‐White race, and with lower household income than those surviving to discharge. In the risk‐adjusted analysis, independent predictors of mortality included older age, male sex, lower annual income, absence of ventricular arrhythmia, absence of percutaneous coronary intervention, and presence of therapeutic hypothermia. Conclusions Demographic and therapeutic factors are independently associated with mortality in patients with cardiac arrest receiving ECMO. Identification of which patients with cardiac arrest may receive the utmost benefit from ECMO may aid with decision‐making regarding its implementation. Larger‐scale studies are warranted to assess the appropriate candidates for ECMO in cardiac arrest.

scholarly journals Mortality predictors of hospitalized patients with COVID-19: Retrospective cohort study from Nur-Sultan, Kazakhstan

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (12) ◽  
pp. e0261272
Author(s):  
Yuriy Pya ◽  
Makhabbat Bekbossynova ◽  
Abduzhappar Gaipov ◽  
Timur Lesbekov ◽  
Timur Kapyshev ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Respiratory Rate ◽  
Retrospective Cohort Study ◽  
Retrospective Cohort ◽  
Laboratory Data ◽  
Disease Onset ◽  
Tertiary Hospital ◽  
Hospital Death ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Predictors Of Mortality

Background First reported case of Severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) in Kazakhstan was identified in March 2020. Many specialized tertiary hospitals in Kazakhstan including National Research Cardiac Surgery Center (NRCSC) were re-organized to accept coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infected patients during summer months of 2020. Although many studies from worldwide reported their experience in treating patients with COVID-19, there are limited data available from the Central Asia countries. The aim of this study is to identify predictors of mortality associated with COVID-19 in NRCSC tertiary hospital in Nur-Sultan, Kazakhstan. Methods This is a retrospective cohort study of patients admitted to the NRCSC between June 1st–August 31st 2020 with COVID-19. Demographic, clinical and laboratory data were collected from electronic records. In-hospital mortality was assessed as an outcome. Patients were followed-up until in-hospital death or discharge from the hospital. Descriptive statistics and factors associated with mortality were assessed using univariate and multivariate logistic regression models. Results Two hundred thirty—nine admissions were recorded during the follow-up period. Mean age was 57 years and 61% were males. Median duration of stay at the hospital was 8 days and 34 (14%) patients died during the hospitalization. Non-survivors were more likely to be admitted later from the disease onset, with higher fever, lower oxygen saturation and increased respiratory rate compared to survivors. Leukocytosis, lymphopenia, anemia, elevated liver and kidney function tests, hypoproteinemia, elevated inflammatory markers (C-reactive protein (CRP), ferritin, and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH)) and coagulation tests (fibrinogen, D-dimer, international normalized ratio (INR), and activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT)) at admission were associated with mortality. Age (OR 1.2, CI:1.01–1.43), respiratory rate (OR 1.38, CI: 1.07–1.77), and CRP (OR 1.39, CI: 1.04–1.87) were determined to be independent predictors of mortality. Conclusion This study describes 14% mortality rate from COVID-19 in the tertiary hospital. Many abnormal clinical and laboratory variables at admission were associated with poor outcome. Age, respiratory rate and CRP were found to be independent predictors of mortality. Our finding would help healthcare providers to predict the risk factors associated with high risk of mortality. Further investigations involving large cohorts should be provided to support our findings.

scholarly journals Factors associated with the Dubowitz neurological examination in preterm new-borns

F1000Research ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
pp. 910
Author(s):  
Ana Clara Daros Massarollo ◽  
Guilherme Welter Wendt ◽  
Lirane Elize Defante Ferreto ◽  
Ana Paula Vieira ◽  
Gisele Arruda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Neurological Examination ◽  
Developmental Delays ◽  
Outpatient Visit ◽  
Orotracheal Intubation ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Mother’S Age ◽  
Positive Correlations

Background: This article aims to explore the factors associated with Dubowitz neurological examination scores in preterm new-borns.       Methods: This is a cross-sectional study in which forty preterm new-borns were evaluated by using the Dubowitz neurological examination on their first outpatient visit following hospital discharge. A questionnaire was also deployed to explore parental variables.       Results: Preterm new-borns with low scores in the Dubowitz neurological examination were born at an even lower gestational age, required longer hospitalisation, and had more indicators for orotracheal intubation. Positive correlations between the subdomains of the Dubowitz neurological examination with birthweight, mother's age, Apgar score at 5 min, maternal and paternal education, and income were also significant. Linear regression analyses explained 26% of the of the Dubowitz neurological examination global score, retaining birthweight, income, and father’s age as significant predictors. Conclusions: Early, appropriated neurological assessments of preterm infants are critical to detect risk factors that may underpin developmental delays.

scholarly journals Uncommon Occurrences of Air Embolism: Description of Cases and Review of the Literature

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giorgio Berlot ◽  
Adriano Rinaldi ◽  
Marco Moscheni ◽  
Massimo Ferluga ◽  
Perla Rossini
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Hyperbaric Oxygen ◽  
Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy ◽  
Oxygen Therapy ◽  
Correct Diagnosis ◽  
Air Embolism ◽  
Gas Embolism ◽  
Central Venous ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Diving Accidents

Many different risk factors have been associated with the occurrence of gas embolism making this potentially lethal complication easily avoidable. However, this condition can occur in circumstances not commonly reported. Three different and extremely uncommon cases of gas embolism are presented and discussed: the first was caused by the voluntary ingestion of hydrogen peroxide, the second occurred during a retrograde cholangiopancreatography, and the last followed the intrapleural injection of Urokinase. Whereas in the first patient the gas embolism was associated with only relatively mild digestive symptoms, in the remaining two it caused a massive cerebral ischemia and an extended myocardial infarction, respectively. Despite a hyperbaric oxygen therapy performed timely in each case, only the first patient survived. The classical risk factors associated with gas embolism like indwelling central venous catheters, diving accidents, etc. are rather well known and thus somewhat preventable; however, a number of less common and difficult-to-recognize causes can determine this condition, making the correct diagnosis elusive and delaying the hyperbaric oxygen therapy, whose window of opportunity is rather narrow. Thus, a gas embolism should be suspected in the presence of not otherwise explainable sudden neurologic and/or cardiovascular symptoms also in circumstances not typically considered at risk.

The emergence of international parliamentary institutions

2020 ◽  
pp. 54-72
Author(s):  
Frank Schimmelfennig ◽  
Thomas Winzen ◽  
Tobias Lenz ◽  
Jofre Rocabert ◽  
Loriana Crasnic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
International Organizations ◽  
General Purpose ◽  
Statistical Analyses ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Positive Correlations

In this chapter, we provide statistical analyses of the establishment and empowerment of international parliamentary institutions (IPIs) in seventy-three relevant international organizations. We analyse whether IPI establishment was systematically associated with the conditions of parliamentarization and find robust and strong positive associations for general purpose and policy scope and robust but somewhat weaker positive correlations for diffusion. By contrast, neither authority nor democracy are systematically associated with the existence of IPIs. Governance failure is either insignificant or has a negative effect on IPI creation. Finally, we explore the correlation of the conditions of parliamentarization with IPI power and find a robust association of IPI authority with IPI legislative competencies.

scholarly journals Factors Associated With Well-being and Confidence in Providing Compassionate Care

2014 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 292-296 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kayloni Olson ◽  
Kathi J. Kemper
Keyword(s):  
Perceived Stress ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Compassionate Care ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Self Compassion ◽  
Modifiable Factors ◽  
Positive Correlations

We explored the relationships between potentially modifiable factors (mindfulness and self-compassion), intermediate factors (resilience and stress), and outcomes of interest in a cross-sectional study of medical trainees (compassionate care and clinician well-being). Among the 12 participants, the average age was 27.6 years. Mindfulness and self-compassion were positively associated with confidence in providing calm, compassionate care ( r = 0.91 and 0.81, respectively; P < .01); they were also positively correlated with clinician resilience ( P < .01), which was correlated with clinician mental health ( r = 0.83; P < .01). Perceived stress was strongly and significantly negatively correlated with all measures ( rs ranging from –0.62 for flourishing to –0.92 for confidence in delivering calm, compassionate care; P < .05 for all correlations). Given the positive correlations between mindfulness and self-compassion with both clinician well-being and confidence in providing calm, compassionate care, interventional studies are warranted to determine what kind of training most efficiently and effectively improves trainee mindfulness and self-compassion.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document