scholarly journals Antibacterial efficacy of non-thermal atmospheric plasma against Streptococcus mutans biofilm grown on the surfaces of restorative resin composites

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabriel Nima ◽  
Erika Harth-Chu ◽  
Rochelle Denise Hiers ◽  
Vanessa Gallego Arias Pecorari ◽  
David W. Dyer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Streptococcus Mutans ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Plasma Jet ◽  
Atmospheric Plasma ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Resin Composites ◽  
Anaerobic Conditions ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Bioluminescence Assay ◽  
Polymerase Chain

AbstractThe aim of this study was to evaluate the antimicrobial efficacy of non-thermal atmospheric plasma (NTAP) against Streptococcus mutans biofilms. Resin discs were fabricated, wet-polished, UV sterilized, and immersed in water for monomer extraction (37 °C, 24 h). Biofilms of bioluminescent S. mutans strain JM10 was grown on resin discs in anaerobic conditions for (37 °C, 24 h). Discs were divided into seven groups: control (CON), 2% chlorhexidine (CHX), only argon gas 150 s (ARG) and four NTAP treatments (30 s, 90 s, 120 s, 150 s). NTAP was applied using a plasma jet device. After treatment, biofilms were analyzed through the counting of viable colonies (CFU), bioluminescence assay (BL), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and polymerase chain reaction (PCR). All NTAP-treated biofilm yielded a significant CFU reduction when compared to ARG and CON. BL values showed that NTAP treatment for 90 s, 120 s or 150 s resulted in statistically significantly lower metabolic activity when compared to the other groups. CHX displayed the lowest means of CFU and BL. SEM showed significant morphological changes in NTAP-treated biofilm. PCR indicated damage to the DNA structure after NTAP treatment. NTAP treatment was effective in lowering the viability and metabolism of S. mutans in a time-dependent manner, suggesting its use as an intraoral surface-decontamination strategy.

scholarly journals Chondroprotective Activity ofMurraya exoticathrough Inhibitingβ-Catenin Signaling Pathway

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Longhuo Wu ◽  
Haiqing Liu ◽  
Rui Zhang ◽  
Linfu Li ◽  
Jialin Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Degenerative Joint Disease ◽  
Joint Disease ◽  
Chondrocyte Apoptosis ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Protein Expressions ◽  
Murraya Exotica ◽  
Oa Chondrocytes ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Dose Dependent

Osteoarthritis (OA) is a degenerative joint disease that affects millions of people. Currently, there is no effective drug treatment for it. The purpose of this study is to investigate the chondroprotective effects ofMurraya exotica(L.) on OA. The rat OA models were duplicated to prepare for separating OA chondrocytes, synovial fluid (SF), and serum containingM. exotica(50 mg/kg, 100 mg/kg, and 200 mg/kg),M. exoticashowed the activity of decreasing the contents of TNF-αand IL-1βin SF and the chondrocyte apoptosis in a dose-dependent manner. To investigate the probable mechanism, quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and western blotting were used to determine gene expression and protein profiles, respectively. The results reveal thatM. exoticacan downregulate mRNA and protein expressions ofβ-catenin and COX-2 and reporter activity significantly. Conclusively,M. exoticaexhibits antiapoptotic chondroprotective activity probably through inhibitingβ-catenin signaling.

scholarly journals Effects of Caries Activity on Compositions of Mutans Streptococci in Saliva-Induced Biofilm Formed on Bracket Materials

Materials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (21) ◽  
pp. 4764
Author(s):  
Bum-Soon Lim ◽  
Bo-Hyun Kim ◽  
Won-Jun Shon ◽  
Sug-Joon Ahn
Keyword(s):  
Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Streptococcus Mutans ◽  
Mutans Streptococci ◽  
Growth Media ◽  
Streptococcus Sobrinus ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Caries Activity ◽  
Material Type ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Total Bacteria

This study aimed to investigate effects of caries activity on composition of mutans streptococci in saliva-induced biofilms formed on bracket materials. Three bracket materials were used as specimens: ceramic, metal, and plastic. After saliva was collected using a spitting method from caries-active (CA, decayed, missing, filled teeth (DMFT) score ≥ 10) and caries-free (CF, DMFT score = 0) subjects, saliva was mixed with growth media in a proportion of 1:10. The saliva solution was then incubated with each bracket material. After a saliva-induced biofilm was developed on the surface of the bracket material, the amounts of total bacteria and mutans streptococci were determined using real-time polymerase chain reaction. The results showed that biofilms from CA saliva contained more mutans streptococci but less total bacteria than biofilms from CF saliva, regardless of material type. Adhesion of total bacteria to ceramic was higher than to plastic, regardless of caries activity. Mutans streptococci adhered more to ceramic than to metal and plastic in both biofilms from CA and CF saliva, but there was a difference in adhesion between Streptococcus mutans and Streptococcus sobrinus. The amount of S. mutans was higher than that of S. sobrinus in biofilms from CA saliva despite similar amounts of the two strains in biofilms from CF saliva. The stronger adhesion of S. mutans to ceramic than to metal and plastic was more evident in biofilms from CA saliva than in biofilms from CF saliva. This study suggests that caries activity and material type significantly influenced composition of mutans streptococci in biofilms formed on bracket materials.

Relation Between Polymerase Chain Reaction Findings and Morphological Changes During Cytomegalovirus Infection in Transplanted Lung

1997 ◽  
Vol 6 (5) ◽  
pp. 267-276 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christer Kjellström ◽  
Tomas Bergström ◽  
Gunnar Martensson ◽  
Anne Ricksten ◽  
Folke Nilsson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Cytomegalovirus Infection ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Polymerase Chain

Characterization of plasminogen system on rat yolk sac carcinoma (L2) cells

1995 ◽  
Vol 268 (2) ◽  
pp. C442-C448
Author(s):  
J. J. Kanalas
Keyword(s):  
Yolk Sac ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Concentration Dependent Manner ◽  
Heymann Nephritis ◽  
Plasmin Inhibitors ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Activator Inhibitor ◽  
L2 Cells

The plasminogen (Plg) system on rat yolk sac carcinoma (L2) cells was characterized by zymography, Western and immunoprecipitation analysis, reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction, binding, and activity assays. The L2 cells produced tissue Plg activator but not urokinase Plg activator and contained RNA for Plg activator inhibitor 1, but Plg activator inhibitor 1 was not detectable by zymography or Western analysis and contained the receptor for urokinase Plg activator. Plg bound to the cells in a saturable manner when plasmin inhibitors were present with a dissociation constant of 1.34 +/- 0.18 x 10(-6) M and 1.54 +/- 0.25 x 10(7) sites/cell. Immunoprecipitation analysis showed that Plg was binding to gp330, a known Plg receptor. Once bound to the L2 cells, Plg was activated by tissue Plg activator to plasmin in a time- and concentration-dependent manner. Under saturating Plg conditions, most of the plasmin produced was released into the medium. Inhibition of plasmin activation occurred when Plg activator inhibitor 1, anticatalytic tissue Plg activator antibody, or Heymann nephritis autoantibody was present.

scholarly journals Palmatine attenuates isoproterenol-induced pathological hypertrophy via selectively inhibiting HDAC2 in rats

2017 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 406-412 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yonggang Yuan ◽  
Wanzhong Peng ◽  
Yongxing Liu ◽  
Zesheng Xu
Keyword(s):  
Therapeutic Potential ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Protein Levels ◽  
Downstream Effector ◽  
Effector Genes ◽  
Therapeutic Value ◽  
Pathological Hypertrophy ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Dose Dependent

This study aimed to exploit the potential therapeutic value of palmatine in treatment of cardiac hypertrophy and the underlying molecular mechanism. Rat hypertrophy model was established by intraperitoneal isoproterenol (ISO) injection. The hypertrophy was evaluated with cardiac hypertrophic parameters, hemodynamic parameters, lipid profile, and non-specific cardiac markers. The animals were intraperitoneally administrated with either palmatine or vehicle. The relative expressions of ANP, BNP, HDAC2, HDAC5, KLF4, and INPP5F transcripts were determined by real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The relative protein levels of HDAC2, HDAC5, KLF4, and INPP5F were analyzed by immunoblotting. Palmatine treatment significantly attenuated ISO-induced hypertrophy in rats and elicited remarkable repressions in ANP, BNP, and HDAC2 transcriptions but not HDAC5. The downstream effector genes KLF4 and INPP5F were greatly restored in a dose-dependent manner in response to palmatine treatment. Our data demonstrated that palmatine possessed promising therapeutic potential against hypertrophy, which was mediated by modulation of HDAC2-KLF4/INPP5F pathway.

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