scholarly journals Multiple bacteria associated with the more dysbiotic genitourinary microbiomes in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hua Zha ◽  
Fengping Liu ◽  
Zongxin Ling ◽  
Kevin Chang ◽  
Jiezuan Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Alpha Diversity ◽  
Amplicon Sequencing ◽  
Diversity Indices ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Beta Glucosidase

AbstractType 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) influences the human health and can cause significant illnesses. The genitourinary microbiome profiles in the T2DM patients remain poorly understood. In the current study, a series of bioinformatic and statistical analyses were carried out to determine the multiple bacteria associated with the more dysbiotic genitourinary microbiomes (i.e., those with lower dysbiosis ratio) in T2DM patients, which were sequenced by Illumina-based 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing. All the genitourinary microbiomes from 70 patients with T2DM were clustered into three clusters of microbiome profiles, i.e., Cluster_1_T2DM, Cluster_2_T2DM and Cluster_3_T2DM, with Cluster_3_T2DM at the most dysbiotic genitourinary microbial status. The three clustered T2DM microbiomes were determined with different levels of alpha diversity indices, and driven by distinct urinalysis variables. OTU12_Clostridiales and OTU28_Oscillospira were likely to drive the T2DM microbiomes to more dysbiotic status, while OTU34_Finegoldia could play a vital role in maintaining the least dysbiotic T2DM microbiome (i.e., Cluster_1_T2DM). The functional metabolites K08300_ribonuclease E, K01223_6-phospho-beta-glucosidase and K00029_malate dehydrogenase (oxaloacetate-decarboxylating) (NADP+) were most associated with Cluster_1_T2DM, Cluster_2_T2DM and Cluster_3_T2DM, respectively. The characteristics and multiple bacteria associated with the more dysbiotic genitourinary microbiomes in T2DM patients may help with the better diagnosis and management of genitourinary dysbiosis in T2DM patients.

scholarly journals Alteration of salivary microbiome in periodontitis with or without type-2 diabetes mellitus and metformin treatment

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaoyu Sun ◽  
Meihui Li ◽  
Li Xia ◽  
Zhaohui Fang ◽  
Shenjun Yu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Ralstonia Pickettii ◽  
Health Group ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Rrna Gene Sequencing ◽  
Hypoglycemic Therapy

Abstract We aimed to explore the effects of type-2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and hypoglycemic therapy on the salivary microbiome in periodontitis patients and identify the potential salivary micro-biomarker for the early warning of T2DM. Saliva samples were collected from healthy individuals (Health), periodontitis patients (P), T2DM patients, periodontitis patients with T2DM (DAP), and DAP patients treated with Metformin (Met). Samples were determined by16S rRNA gene sequencing. 29 phyla, 322 genera, and 333 species of salivary microbiome were annotated. Compared to the Health group, the P and DAP group showed a significantly higher diversity of saliva microbiota, while the T2DM and Met group had no significant difference in microbial abundance but showed a trend of increasing diversity. Other than well-known periodontitis-inducing pathogens, the proportion of Prevotella copri, Alloprevotella rava, and Ralstonia pickettii, etc. were also significantly increased in periodontitis patients with or without T2DM. After effective glycemic control, the abundance of Prevotella copri, Alloprevotella rava, Ralstonia pickettii, etc. decreased in periodontitis patients with companion T2DM. The accuracies of the classification models in differentiating Health-vs.-P, DAP-vs.-P, and T2DM-vs.-P were 100%, 96.3%, and 98.1%, respectively. Hypoglycemic therapy could reconstruct the saliva microbiota and hence improve the localized conditions of diabetes patients with periodontitis.

scholarly journals Zinc Transporters, Mechanisms of Action and Therapeutic Utility: Implications for Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen A. Myers ◽  
Alex Nield ◽  
Mark Myers
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Second Messenger ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Zinc Transporters ◽  
Cellular Homeostasis ◽  
Disease States ◽  
Zinc Signaling

Zinc is an essential trace element that plays a vital role in maintaining many biological processes and cellular homeostasis. Dysfunctional zinc signaling is associated with a number of chronic disease states including cancer, cardiovascular disease, Alzheimer’s disease, and diabetes. Cellular homeostasis requires mechanisms that tightly control the uptake, storage, and distribution of zinc. This is achieved through the coordinated actions of zinc transporters and metallothioneins. Evidence on the role of these proteins in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is now emerging. Zinc plays a key role in the synthesis, secretion and action of insulin in both physiological and pathophysiological states. Moreover, recent studies highlight zinc’s dynamic role as a “cellular second messenger” in the control of insulin signaling and glucose homeostasis. This suggests that zinc plays an unidentified role as a novel second messenger that augments insulin activity. This previously unexplored concept would raise a whole new area of research into the pathophysiology of insulin resistance and introduce a new class of drug target with utility for diabetes pharmacotherapy.

scholarly journals Alterations in the gut bacterial microbiome in people with type 2 diabetes mellitus and diabetic retinopathy

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Taraprasad Das ◽  
Rajagopalaboopathi Jayasudha ◽  
SamaKalyana Chakravarthy ◽  
Gumpili Sai Prashanthi ◽  
Archana Bhargava ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Diabetic Retinopathy ◽  
16S Rrna Gene Sequencing ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
R Software ◽  
Bacterial Microbiome ◽  
Rrna Gene Sequencing

AbstractGut bacterial microbiome dysbiosis in type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) has been reported, but such an association with Diabetic Retinopathy (DR) is not known. We explored possible link between gut bacterial microbiome dysbiosis and DR. Using fecal samples of healthy controls (HC) and people with T2DM with/without DR, gut bacterial communities were analysed using 16S rRNA gene sequencing and data analysed using QIIME and R software. Dysbiosis in the gut microbiomes, at phyla and genera level, was observed in people with T2DM and DR compared to HC. People with DR exhibited greater discrimination from HC. Microbiomes of people with T2DM and DR were also significantly different. Both DM and DR microbiomes showed a decrease in anti-inflammatory, probiotic and other bacteria that could be pathogenic, compared to HC, and the observed change was more pronounced in people with DR. This is the first report demonstrating dysbiosis in the gut microbiome (alteration in the diversity and abundance at the phyla and genera level) in people with DR compared to HC. Such studies would help in developing novel and targeted therapies to improve treatment of DR.

scholarly journals Gut Bacterial Characteristics of Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and the Application Potential

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yanyan Que ◽  
Man Cao ◽  
Jianquan He ◽  
Qiang Zhang ◽  
Qiongyun Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Fixed Effects ◽  
Intestinal Flora ◽  
Alpha Diversity ◽  
Detection Accuracy ◽  
Fixed Effects Model ◽  
Microbial Dysbiosis

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a complex disorder comprehensively influenced by genetic and environmental risk, and research increasingly has indicated the role of microbial dysbiosis in T2DM pathogenesis. However, studies comparing the microbiome characteristics between T2DM and healthy controls have reported inconsistent results. To further identify and describe the characteristics of the intestinal flora of T2DM patients, we performed a systematic review and meta-analysis of stool microbial profiles to discern and describe microbial dysbiosis in T2DM and to explore heterogeneity among 7 studies (600 T2DM cases, 543 controls, 1143 samples in total). Using a random effects model and a fixed effects model, we observed significant differences in beta diversity, but not alpha diversity, between individuals with T2DM and controls. We identified various operational taxonomic unit (OTUs) and bacterial genera with significant odds ratios for T2DM. The T2DM signatures derived from a single study by stepwise feature selection could be applied in other studies. By training on multiple studies, we improved the detection accuracy and disease specificity for T2DM. We also discuss the relationship between T2DM-enriched or T2DM-depleted genera and probiotics and provide new ideas for diabetes prevention and improvement.

scholarly journals Trends in Method of Diagnosis of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: Results from SHIELD

2009 ◽  
Vol 2009 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Helena W. Rodbard ◽  
Andrew J. Green ◽  
Kathleen M. Fox ◽  
Susan Grandy
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Health Problem ◽  
Primary Care Physicians ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Routine Screening ◽  
Absolute Increase

Aims. This study assessed whether recent screening recommendations have led to increased diagnosis of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) through routine screening.Methods. Respondents to the 2006 US SHIELD survey reported whether a physician told them they had T2DM, age at diagnosis, specialty of the physician who made the diagnosis, and whether the diagnosis was made after having symptoms, during routine screening, or when being treated for another health problem.Results. Of 3 022 T2DM respondents, 36% of respondents reported that T2DM diagnosis was made during routine screening alone, 20% after having symptoms alone, and 6% when being treated for another health problem alone. The proportion of T2DM respondents reporting a diagnosis based only on screening increased approximately 42% over a 15+-year time span (absolute increase from 31% to 44%) (P<.001), whereas symptom-based diagnosis did not change significantly (P=.10). T2DM was diagnosed primarily by family physicians (88.3%).Conclusion. These findings highlight the importance of regular screening for diabetes and the vital role of primary care physicians in recognizing individuals with T2DM.

scholarly journals Association between Quality of Sleep and its Effect on Glycemic Control in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus- A Pilot Study

2020 ◽  
pp. 23-27
Author(s):  
Dr. Firas Rauf Mammoo ◽  
Prof. Dr. S. Girija
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Sleep Quality ◽  
Sleep Disorder ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Quality Of Sleep ◽  
Sleep Complaints

Diabetes mellitus is a common metabolic disease. Nowadays, sleep complaints are increasing day by day due to the restriction in bed time resulting in chronic partial sleep loss.(1)Type 2 diabetes mellitus accounts for 95% of all of diagnosed diabetes worldwide. Several studies have recognized sleep disorder as a novel risk factor for diabetes.(2)Sleep disorder plays a vital role in the development of diabetes via various metabolic and neuroendocrine pathways.(3) Nocturia and neuropathic pain were explained as two possible causes of decreased sleep quality.(1) People who have sleep disorder either in the quality or quantity experienced reduced insulin sensitivity, which results in elevated blood glucose that can aggravate the progress of diabetes. There are limited studies from India on the association of sleep quality and diabetes control status. In this study, we aimed to find the quality of sleep in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and its correlation with glycaemic control.

scholarly journals 16S rRNA Sequencing and Metagenomics Study of Gut Microbiota: Implications of BDB on Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Marine Drugs ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (9) ◽  
pp. 469
Author(s):  
Liang Zhang ◽  
Jiao Luo ◽  
Xiangqian Li ◽  
Shuju Guo ◽  
Dayong Shi
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
16S Rrna ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Diabetic Mice

Gut microbiota has a critical role in metabolic diseases, including type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). 3-bromo-4,5-bis(2,3-dibromo-4,5-dihydroxybenzyl)-1,2-benzenediol (BDB) is a natural bromophenol isolated from marine red alga Rhodomela confervoides. Our latest research showed that BDB could alleviate T2DM in diabetic BKS db mice. To find out whether BDB modulates the composition of the gut microbiota during T2DM treatment, 24 BKS db diabetic mice were randomly grouped to receive BDB (n = 6), metformin (n = 6), or the vehicle (n = 6) for 7 weeks in a blinded manner. Non-diabetic BKS mice (n = 6) were used as normal control. Diabetic mice treated with BDB or metformin demonstrated significant reductions in fasting blood glucose (FBG) levels compared with the vehicle-treated mice in the 7th week. Pyrosequencing of the V3–V4 regions of the 16S rRNA gene revealed the changes of gut microbiota in response to BDB treatment. The result demonstrated short-chain acid (SCFA) producing bacteria Lachnospiraceae and Bacteroides were found to be significantly more abundant in the BDB and metformin treated group than the vehicle-treatment diabetic group. Remarkably, at the genus levels, Akkermansia elevated significantly in the BDB-treatment group. Metagenomic results indicated that BDB may alleviate the metabolic disorder of diabetic mice by promoting propanoate metabolism and inhibiting starch and sucrose metabolism, amino sugar and nucleotide sugar metabolism. In conclusion, our study suggests that the anti-diabetic effect of BDB is closely related to the modulating structure of gut microbiota and the improvement of functional metabolism genes of intestinal microorganisms.

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