scholarly journals Quality of life and therapeutic regimen management in onychomycosis patients and in vitro study of antiseptic solutions

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Vasco Silva-Neves ◽  
Vitor Hugo ◽  
Paulo Alves ◽  
João Costa Amado ◽  
Carla Pais-Vieira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Management Style ◽  
Therapeutic Regimen ◽  
Success Rates ◽  
Octenidine Dihydrochloride ◽  
Hospital Patients ◽  
Multiple Variables

AbstractOnychomycosis or tinea unguium (EE12.1) and Onychomycosis due to non-dermatophyte moulds (1F2D.5) (OM) is a fungal infection of the nail plates with a high prevalence that often affects vulnerable people with co-existing health problems. Gold standard pharmacological treatments for onychomycosis have been associated with low success rates and increasing antifungal resistance, suggesting that treatment outcome is dependent on multiple variables. Here, the prevalence of OM and quality of life were characterized in two vulnerable populations—Hospital patients and Homeless people. Comparing both groups, the most prevalent fungal species were identified in Hospital patients. Then, the in vitro fungicidal properties of the antiseptics povidone-iodine, polyhexamethylene biguanide-betaine, octenidine dihydrochloride, and a super-oxidized solution against two ATCC strains (Candida albicans and Aspergillus niger) and three clinical fungal isolates from Hospital patients (Candida parapsilosis, Trichophyton interdigitale, and Trichophyton rubrum) were tested. OM prevalence was high in both patient groups studied, who also reported a reduction in quality of life and concerns about the state of their feet. In addition, Hospital patients had a non-negligent therapeutic regimen management style. Antiseptics tested in vitro revealed antifungal properties. As antiseptics are low-cost and easy to apply and have few iatrogenic effects, the demonstration of fungicidal properties of these solutions suggests that they may constitute potential supportive therapeutics for OM.

Bioactive Peptides Sensitize Cells to Anticancer Effects of Oxaliplatin in Human Colorectal Cancer Xenografts in Nude Mice

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (7) ◽  
pp. 512-522
Author(s):  
Xian Li ◽  
Long Xia ◽  
Xiaohui Ouyang ◽  
Qimuge Suyila ◽  
Liya Su ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Nude Mice ◽  
Low Dose ◽  
Bioactive Peptides ◽  
Human Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Hct 116

<P>Background: Despite new agent development and short-term benefits in patients with Colorectal Cancer (CRC), metastatic CRC cure rates have not improved due to high rates of oxaliplatin resistance and toxicity. There is an urgent need for effective tools to prevent and treat CRC and reduce morbidity and mortality of CRC patients. Exploring the effects of bioactive peptides on the antitumor to CRC was of vital importance to the clinical application. </P><P> Objective: This study aimed to investigate the therapeutic impact of Anticancer Bioactive Peptides (ACBP) on anticancer effect of oxaliplatin (LOHP) in human colorectal cancer xenografts models in nude mice. </P><P> Methods: HCT-116 cells were cultured in vitro via CCK-8 assays and the absorbance was measured at 450 nm. Apoptosis and cell cycle were assessed by Flow Cytometry (FCM) in vitro. HCT-116 human colorectal cancer cells inoculated subcutaneously in nude mice of treatment with PBS (GG), ACBP, LOHP, ACBP+LOHP (A+L) in vivo. The quality of life was assessed by dietary amount of nude mice, the weight of nude mice, inhibition rates, tumor weight and tumor volume. Immunohistochemistry and RT-qPCR method was conducted to determine the levels of apoptosisregulating proteins/genes in transplanted tumors. </P><P> Results: ACBP induced substantial reductions in viable cell numbers and apoptosis of HCT116 cells in combined with LOHP in vitro. Compared with the control GG group, ACBP combined low dose oxaliplatin (U) group demonstrated significantly different tumor volume, the rate of apoptosis, the expression levels of Cyt-C, caspase-3,8,9 proteins and corresponding RNAs (P<0.05). The expression of pro-apoptotic proteins in the cytoplasm around the nucleus was significantly enhanced by ACBP. Short term intermittent use of ACBP alone indicted a certain inhibitory effect on tumor growth, and improve the quality of life of tumor bearing nude mice. </P><P> Conclusion: ACBP significantly increased the anti-cancer responses of low dose oxaliplatin (L-LOHP), thus, significantly improving the quality of life of tumor-bearing nude mice.</P>

scholarly journals Effect of Cavity Disinfectants on Adhesion to Primary Teeth—A Systematic Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (9) ◽  
pp. 4398
Author(s):  
Ana Coelho ◽  
Inês Amaro ◽  
Ana Apolónio ◽  
Anabela Paula ◽  
José Saraiva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Primary Teeth ◽  
Clinical Success ◽  
Dental Materials ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
In Vitro Studies ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Promising Alternative

Some authors have been proposing the use of cavity disinfectants in order to reduce, or even eliminate, the effect of the microorganisms present in a dental cavity before a restoration is placed. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of different cavity disinfectants on bond strength and clinical success of composite and glass ionomer restorations on primary teeth. The research was conducted using Cochrane Library, PubMed/MEDLINE, SCOPUS, and Web of Science for articles published up to February 2021. The search was performed according to the PICO strategy. The evaluation of the methodological quality of each in vitro study was assessed using the CONSORT checklist for reporting in vitro studies on dental materials. Sixteen in vitro studies and one in situ study fulfilled the inclusion criteria and were analyzed. Chlorhexidine was the most studied cavity disinfectant, and its use does not compromise dentin bonding. Sodium hypochlorite is a promising alternative, but more research on its use is required to clearly state that it can safely be used as a cavity disinfectant for primary teeth. Although other disinfectants were studied, there is a low-level evidence attesting their effects on adhesion, therefore their use should be avoided.

Sexual Function and Fertility Quality of Life in Women Using In Vitro Fertilization

2015 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 985-993 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicole K. Smith ◽  
Jody Madeira ◽  
Heather R. Millard
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
In Vitro Fertilization ◽  
Sexual Function ◽  
Vitro Fertilization

A novel intracranial exchange guidewire improves the navigation of various endovascular devices: An in vitro study of challenging situations

2021 ◽  
pp. 159101992110573
Author(s):  
Naoki Kaneko ◽  
Ariel Takayanagi ◽  
Hamidreza Saber ◽  
Lea Guo ◽  
Satoshi Tateshima
Keyword(s):  
Giant Aneurysm ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Target Vessel ◽  
Success Rates ◽  
Intracranial Stenting ◽  
Aneurysm Neck ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Aneurysm Model ◽  
Endovascular Devices

Objective Neuroendovascular procedures rely on successful navigation and stable access to the target vessel. The Stabilizer is a 300 cm long exchange wire with a 0.014 diameter and a soft, flexible stent at the distal end designed to assist with navigation and device delivery. This study aims to assess the efficacy of the Stabilizer for navigation in a variety of challenging environments. Methods The efficacy of the Stabilizer was evaluated using three challenging vascular models: a giant aneurysm model, a severe tortuosity model, and an M1 stenosis model. The Stabilizer was compared with a conventional wire during navigation in each model. Results In the giant aneurysm model, there was no significant difference of success during straightening of a looped wire and significantly higher success rates when advancing an intermediate catheter with the Stabilizer beyond the aneurysm neck compared to a conventional guidewire. The Stabilizer also significantly increased success rates when advancing an intermediate catheter through a model with severe tortuosity compared to a conventional guidewire, as well as exchange maneuver for intracranial stenting in a stenosis model compared to an exchange wire. Conclusions In our experimental model, the Stabilizer significantly improved navigation and device delivery in a variety of challenging settings compared to conventional wires.

Exploring the influence of multiple variables on the relationship of age to quality of life in women WITH BREAST CANCER

1992 ◽  
Vol 45 (5) ◽  
pp. 473-485 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patricia A. Ganz ◽  
J.Jack Lee ◽  
Myung-Shin Sim ◽  
Margaret L. Polinsky ◽  
C.Anne Coscarelli Schag
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Multiple Variables ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

Harshness and unpredictability: Childhood environmental links with immune and asthma outcomes

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Phoebe H. Lam ◽  
Gregory E. Miller ◽  
Lauren Hoffer ◽  
Rebekah Siliezar ◽  
Johanna Dezil ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Clinical Outcomes ◽  
Asthma Control ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Inflammatory Cytokine Production ◽  
Murder Rate ◽  
Unpredictable Environments ◽  
Neighborhood Level

Abstract The environment has pervasive impacts on human development, and two key environmental conditions – harshness and unpredictability – are proposed to be instrumental in tuning development. This study examined (1) how harsh and unpredictable environments related to immune and clinical outcomes in the context of childhood asthma, and (2) whether there were independent associations of harshness and unpredictability with these outcomes. Participants were 290 youth physician-diagnosed with asthma. Harshness was assessed with youth-reported exposure to violence and neighborhood-level murder rate. Unpredictability was assessed with parent reports of family structural changes. Youth also completed measures of asthma control as well as asthma quality of life and provided blood samples to assess immune profiles, including in vitro cytokine responses to challenge and sensitivity to inhibitory signals from glucocorticoids. Results indicated that harshness was associated with more pronounced pro-inflammatory cytokine production following challenge and less sensitivity to the inhibitory properties of glucocorticoids. Furthermore, youth exposed to harsher environments reported less asthma control and poorer quality of life. All associations with harshness persisted when controlling for unpredictability. No associations between unpredictability and outcomes were found. These findings suggest that relative to unpredictability, harshness may be a more consistent correlate of asthma-relevant immune and clinical outcomes.

Study assessing the efficacy of herbal teas on bone health and quality of life in a population with osteopenia: rooibos actions on melatonin and tulsi actions on quality of life.

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 270-298
Author(s):  
Fahima Munmun ◽  
Alyssa Linden ◽  
Hunter Hanlon ◽  
Hannah Enderby ◽  
Paula Witt-Enderby
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Bone Health ◽  
Human Mesenchymal Stem Cell ◽  
Melatonin Receptors ◽  
Cooperative Effort ◽  
Translational Study ◽  
Before And After

The purpose of the OsTea translational study was to assess the efficacy of teas (tulsi, rooibos, oolong) compared to placebo (coriander) on markers of bone health and quality of life (QOL) in those with osteopenia and on human mesenchymal stem cell (hMSC) differentiation into osteoblasts to identify potential mechanisms of action. Following consumption of tea (3 times/day; 90 days), participants collected a urine sample during the night (10pm-6am) and filled in questionnaires before and after the study. Rooibos consumption demonstrated a significant decrease in urinary CTX levels vs placebo; trended towards increases in nocturnal melatonin levels (p=0.06); significantly decreased serotonin-producing microbes in the gut; and demonstrated trends towards improvements (p=0.09) in QUALIOST emotional parameters. Tulsi consumption primarily affected subjective measures, such as significantly improved scores for PSS, STAI-trait anxiety, and osteoporosis/osteopenia-related parameters in the QUALIOST. To further identify potential mechanisms underlying these actions of rooibos on CTX and melatonin (urinary and gut), rooibos and melatonin effects on human osteoblastogenesis were carried out for 21 days under oxidative stress conditions to mimic osteopenia.  Although both rooibos and melatonin protected against oxidative stress-induced loss of osteoblasts in vitro, their underlying mechanisms were different.  Melatonin, like tulsi and oolong, demonstrated the greatest protection against oxidative stress at days 10-11 of exposure, which was due to effects on hMSC viability and through melatonin receptors. Rooibos, on the other hand, demonstrated protection at days 10-11 and 20-21, which was through signaling mechanisms involved in differentiation processes and not on cell viability. These findings suggest that the clinical actions of rooibos on decreasing CTX levels in a population with osteopenia may be through a cooperative effort between melatonin and rooibos by protecting hMSC viability against oxidative stress-induced loss and by promoting osteoblast differentiation, respectively.  This study also supports the use of tulsi for improving quality of life in a population susceptible to osteoporosis.

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