scholarly journals Inversely polarized thermo-electrochemical power generation via the reaction of an organic redox couple on a TiO2/Ti mesh electrode

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hiroto Eguchi ◽  
Takashi Kobayashi ◽  
Teppei Yamada ◽  
David S. Rivera Rocabado ◽  
Takayoshi Ishimoto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Power Generation ◽  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Dft Calculations ◽  
Seebeck Coefficient ◽  
Pyruvic Acid ◽  
Redox Couple ◽  
Intermediate Species ◽  
Earth Abundant ◽  
Current Polarity ◽  
Ti Mesh

AbstractWe demonstrate thermo-electrochemical (TEC) conversion using a biocompatible redox couple of lactic acid and pyruvic acid on earth-abundant TiO2. The TEC cell exhibited a positive Seebeck coefficient of 1.40 mV K−1. DFT calculations figured out that the adsorption of intermediate species and protons on TiO2 controls both the redox reaction and current polarity.

γ-Valerolactone-Introduced Controlled-Isomerization of Glucose for Lactic Acid Production over Sn-Beta Catalyst

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xinpeng Zhao ◽  
Zhimin Zhou ◽  
hu luo ◽  
Yanfei Zhang ◽  
Wang Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Density Functional Theory ◽  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Dft Calculations ◽  
Acid Production ◽  
Density Functional ◽  
Lactic Acid Production ◽  
Hydrothermal Conversion ◽  
Functional Theory ◽  
Environment Friendly

Combined experiments and density functional theory (DFT) calculations provided insights into the role of the environment-friendly γ-valerolactone (GVL) as a solvent in the hydrothermal conversion of glucose into lactic acid...

Myocardial energy substances in the dog heart during potassium and hypothermic arrest

1962 ◽  
Vol 17 (5) ◽  
pp. 815-818 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vincent L. Gott ◽  
Marilyn Bartlett ◽  
David M. Long ◽  
C. Walton Lillehei ◽  
John A. Johnson
Keyword(s):  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Pyruvic Acid ◽  
Inorganic Phosphate ◽  
Potassium Citrate ◽  
Atp Level ◽  
Average Value ◽  
Human Biopsy ◽  
Cold Blood ◽  
Hypothermic Arrest ◽  
Better Than

Canine hearts were arrested with potassium citrate at 37 C and with cold blood at 17 C. Biopsies were taken from the nonperfused hearts at 0, 5, 20, and 60 min and analyzed by specific microtechniques for AMP, ADP, ATP, phosphocreatine, inorganic phosphate, glycogen, lactic acid, and pyruvic acid. During potassium citrate arrest at 37 C the ATP level was reduced 4.41 mmoles/kg to an average value of .77 mmoles/kg. During hypothermic arrest the ATP level decreased only 1.88 mmoles/ kg. Arrested hearts at 37 C utilized four times as much glycogen and produced three times as much lactic acid as hearts at 17 C. Phosphocreatine fell to low values in both types of arrest within 20 min. The levels of AMP, ADP, and pyruvic acid remained fairly constant throughout the period of arrest. It appears from this data and earlier human biopsy data that selective hypothermic arrest is tolerated far better than potassium citrate arrest. Submitted on September 18, 1961

Degradation of Lactic Acid and Pyruvic Acid in Belousov-Zhabotinskii Reactions

1989 ◽  
Vol 44 (5) ◽  
pp. 598-608 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rüdiger Blume ◽  
Dagmar Wiechoczek ◽  
Heinrich Meier ◽  
Frank Wedekind
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Pyruvic Acid ◽  
Rate Constants ◽  
First Order ◽  
Temporal Degradation ◽  
Acetic Acids

The temporal degradation of the Belousov-Zhabotinskii substrates lactic acid, pyruvic acid, bromo- and dibromo pyruvic acid is investigated. The only final product of non-brominated substrates is acetic acid. From brominated educts only brominated acetic acids result. The concentrations of the stable products are determined as a function of time. The gross reactions are mainly based on simple consecutive first order reactions. For the pyruvic acid rate constants are determined.

scholarly journals N-Type Bismuth Telluride Nanocomposite Materials Optimization for Thermoelectric Generators in Wearable Applications

Materials ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (9) ◽  
pp. 1529 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amin Nozariasbmarz ◽  
Jerzy S. Krasinski ◽  
Daryoosh Vashaee
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Conductivity ◽  
Power Generation ◽  
Seebeck Coefficient ◽  
Figure Of Merit ◽  
Microwave Cavity ◽  
Thermoelectric Figure Of Merit ◽  
Thermoelectric Figure ◽  
Efficient Operation ◽  
High Seebeck Coefficient ◽  
Body Heat

Thermoelectric materials could play a crucial role in the future of wearable electronic devices. They can continuously generate electricity from body heat. For efficient operation in wearable systems, in addition to a high thermoelectric figure of merit, zT, the thermoelectric material must have low thermal conductivity and a high Seebeck coefficient. In this study, we successfully synthesized high-performance nanocomposites of n-type Bi2Te2.7Se0.3, optimized especially for body heat harvesting and power generation applications. Different techniques such as dopant optimization, glass inclusion, microwave radiation in a single mode microwave cavity, and sintering conditions were used to optimize the temperature-dependent thermoelectric properties of Bi2Te2.7Se0.3. The effects of these techniques were studied and compared with each other. A room temperature thermal conductivity as low as 0.65 W/mK and high Seebeck coefficient of −297 μV/K were obtained for a wearable application, while maintaining a high thermoelectric figure of merit, zT, of 0.87 and an average zT of 0.82 over the entire temperature range of 25 °C to 225 °C, which makes the material appropriate for a variety of power generation applications.

The Effect of Solvent on the Seebeck Coefficient and Thermocell Performance of Cobalt Bipyridyl and Iron Ferri/Ferrocyanide Redox Couples

2019 ◽  
Vol 72 (9) ◽  
pp. 709 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abuzar Taheri ◽  
Douglas R. MacFarlane ◽  
Cristina Pozo-Gonzalo ◽  
Jennifer M. Pringle
Keyword(s):  
Organic Solvent ◽  
Seebeck Coefficient ◽  
Mixed Solvent ◽  
Waste Heat ◽  
Redox Couple ◽  
Seebeck Coefficients ◽  
Effect Of Solvent ◽  
Redox Couples ◽  
Ligand Interactions ◽  
Solvent Systems

The conversion of thermal energy to electricity using thermoelectrochemical cells (thermocells) is a developing approach to harvesting waste heat. The performance of a thermocell is highly dependent on the solvent used in the electrolyte, but the interplay of the various solvent effects is not yet well understood. Here, using the redox couples [Co(bpy)3][BF4]2/3 (bpy=2,2′-bipyridyl) and (Et4N)3/(NH4)4Fe(CN)6, which have been designed to allow dissolution in different solvent systems (aqueous, non-aqueous, and mixed solvent), the effect of solvent on the Seebeck coefficient (Se) and cell performance was studied. The highest Se for a cobalt-based redox couple measured thus far is reported. Different trends in the Seebeck coefficients of the two redox couples as a function of the ratio of organic solvent to water were observed. The cobalt redox couple produced a more positive Se in organic solvent than in water, whereas addition of water to organic solvent resulted in a more negative Se for Fe(CN)6 3−/4−. UV-vis and IR investigations of the redox couples indicate that Se is affected by changes in solvent–ligand interactions in the different solvent systems.

Lactic and Pyruvic Acid Relations in Contracting Mammalian Muscle

1956 ◽  
Vol 186 (2) ◽  
pp. 221-223 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jacob Sacks ◽  
Jo H. Morton
Keyword(s):  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Steady State ◽  
Pyruvic Acid ◽  
Acid Content ◽  
Marked Decrease ◽  
Blood Stream ◽  
Anaerobic Conditions ◽  
Tetanic Contraction ◽  
Mammalian Muscle ◽  
Lactic Acid Content

Tetanic contraction of mammalian muscle under essentially anaerobic conditions was found to result in marked increase in the pyruvic acid content as well as in the lactic acid content. The increase in lactic acid content was proportionately greater than in the pyruvic acid content. Repeated single twitches at a rate of 1/sec., continued long enough to produce a steady state, resulted in only a slight increase in pyruvic acid content, with a marked decrease in the ratio of pyruvic to lactic acid. The pyruvic acid formed during the steady state of activity appears not to pass into the blood stream.

scholarly journals The Usefulness of Performing Biochemical Tests in the Saliva of Kickboxing Athletes in the Dynamic of Training

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oleksandr Anatolievich Volodchenko ◽  
Leonid Vladimirovich Podrigalo ◽  
Sergii Sidorovich Iermakov ◽  
Małgorzata Teresa Żychowska ◽  
Władysław Jagiełło
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Pyruvic Acid ◽  
Biochemical Parameters ◽  
Training Session ◽  
Training Experience ◽  
Biochemical Tests ◽  
Male Athletes ◽  
Correlation Matrices ◽  
Before And After

The study aimed to determine the suitability of testing the saliva of kickboxing athletes to show changes in biochemical parameters in dynamic of training. 8 elite male athletes (mean age 17.29± 0.31 years, body mass 66.82± 3.46kg, with 5.62±0.96 years of training experience) participated in the study. Indicators of lipid peroxidation and glycolysis (the concentration of lactic acid and pyruvic acid) were defined before and after a training session. Significant increases in indicators of lipid peroxidation activity indicators and the concentration of lactic acid (4-fold) were observed; analysis of correlation matrices confirms the absence of expressed changes. At the same time, significant decreases in catalase (10-fold from 3.69μkat/L to 0.39μkat/L) and pyruvic acid (from 3.92μl/l to 0.55μl/l) were observed. Our results confirm the value of using saliva to determine training load in an individual. Moreover, the study provided information on the importance of indexes reflecting a correlation of various biochemical indicators to estimate the sufficiency of training loads. The ease of sampling and informational content of saliva are reasons to use such tests in monitoring athletes’ functional state to prevent fatigue.

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