scholarly journals Regional metabolic and network changes in Meige syndrome

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiayu Liu ◽  
Lei Li ◽  
Yuan Li ◽  
Qian Wang ◽  
Ruen Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Globus Pallidus ◽  
Fdg Pet ◽  
Metabolic Networks ◽  
Parietal Lobe ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Internal Globus Pallidus ◽  
Meige Syndrome ◽  
18F Fdg ◽  
The Right ◽  
Density Threshold

AbstractTo contribute to the understanding of the aetiology and pathogenesis of Meige syndrome, the metabolic networks of patients with Meige syndrome were investigated using 18F-fluoro-D-glucose positron emission tomography (18F-FDG-PET) imaging of cerebral glucose metabolism. Fifty right-handed and unmedicated primary Meige syndrome patients enrolled between September 2017 and September 2020 at the Department of Neurosurgery, Peking University People’s Hospital, and 50 age- and sex-matched healthy control subjects participated in the study. Metabolic connectivity and graph theory analysis were used to investigate metabolic network differences based on 18F-FDG-PET images. Glucose hypometabolism was detected in the left internal globus pallidus and parietal lobe, right frontal lobe and postcentral gyrus, and bilateral thalamus and cerebellum of patients with Meige syndrome. Clustering coefficients (Cps) (density threshold: 16–28%; P < 0.05) and shortest path lengths (Lps) (density threshold: 10–15%; P < 0.05) were higher in Meige syndrome patients than in healthy controls. Small-worldness was lower in Meige syndrome patients than in healthy controls, and centrality was significantly lower in the right superior occipital gyrus and pallidum and higher in the right thalamus. Hypometabolism in the globus pallidus and thalamus may indicate basal ganglia-thalamocortical motor circuit abnormalities as a pathogenic mechanism of Meige syndrome, providing a possible explanation for the efficacy of deep brain stimulation (DBS) in improving symptoms. Meige syndrome patients had abnormal small-world properties. Centrality changes in the right pallidus and thalamus verified the important roles of these regions in the pathogenesis of Meige syndrome.

scholarly journals Radiation-Induced Metabolic Shifts in the Hepatic Parenchyma: Findings from 18F-FDG PET Imaging and Tissue NMR Metabolomics in a Mouse Model for Hepatocellular Carcinoma

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (9) ◽  
pp. 2573
Author(s):  
Yi-Hsiu Chung ◽  
Cheng-Kun Tsai ◽  
Ching-Fang Yu ◽  
Wan-Ling Wang ◽  
Chung-Lin Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fdg Pet ◽  
Liver Parenchyma ◽  
Metabolic Alterations ◽  
Nmr Metabolomics ◽  
Post Irradiation ◽  
The Third ◽  
Radiation Induced ◽  
18F Fdg ◽  
The Right ◽  
Over Time

Purpose: By taking advantage of 18F-FDG PET imaging and tissue nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) metabolomics, we examined the dynamic metabolic alterations induced by liver irradiation in a mouse model for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Methods: After orthotopic implantation with the mouse liver cancer BNL cells in the right hepatic lobe, animals were divided into two experimental groups. The first received irradiation (RT) at 15 Gy, while the second (no-RT) did not. Intergroup comparisons over time were performed, in terms of 18F-FDG PET findings, NMR metabolomics results, and the expression of genes involved in inflammation and glucose metabolism. Results: As of day one post-irradiation, mice in the RT group showed an increased 18F-FDG uptake in the right liver parenchyma compared with the no-RT group. However, the difference reached statistical significance only on the third post-irradiation day. NMR metabolomics revealed that glucose concentrations peaked on day one post-irradiation both, in the right and left lobes—the latter reflecting a bystander effect. Increased pyruvate and glutamate levels were also evident in the right liver on the third post-irradiation day. The expression levels of the glucose-6-phosphatase (G6PC) and fructose-1, 6-bisphosphatase 1 (FBP1) genes were down-regulated on the first and third post-irradiation days, respectively. Therefore, liver irradiation was associated with a metabolic shift from an impaired gluconeogenesis to an enhanced glycolysis from the first to the third post-irradiation day. Conclusion: Radiation-induced metabolic alterations in the liver parenchyma occur as early as the first post-irradiation day and show dynamic changes over time.

scholarly journals Leydig cell tumor of the testis: an incidental finding at 18F-FDG PET/CT imaging

2021 ◽  
Vol 52 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Almalki Yassir
Keyword(s):  
Leydig Cell ◽  
Fdg Pet ◽  
Chronic Rejection ◽  
Ct Imaging ◽  
The Body ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Pet Ct ◽  
18F Fdg ◽  
The Right ◽  
Fdg Pet Ct

Abstract Background Leydig cell tumors (LCTs) represent the most common form of stromal tumors. We reported the 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) positron emission tomography (PET)/computed tomography (CT) findings of a patient with testicular LCT. Case presentation A 50-year-old man with a history of end-stage renal disease and renal transplantation 19 years ago. One year earlier, he started to have a chronic rejection. During the investigation to determine the cause of chronic rejection, a suspicious lesion in the graft with a collection around it was seen on ultrasound (US) images, raising the possibility of post-transplant lymphoproliferative disorder (PTLD). The patient was referred for further evaluation by whole body 18F-FDG PET/CT imaging. The image finding revealed an incidental hypermetabolic focal lesion in the right testicle—no other specific findings in the remaining parts of the body nor definitive FDG avid lymphadenopathy to suggest PTLD. Testicular US was requested and showed a well-defined right-sided heterogeneous hypoechoic intratesticular focal mass at the upper pole of the right testis with significant internal vascularity on the color Doppler imaging. The patient underwent a right radical orchidectomy, and the tumor was pathologically confirmed as an LCT. Conclusion In our case, 18F-FDG-PET/CT has been helpful in incidentally detecting this rare testicular tumor in a patient with suspected PTLD.

Abstract 35: DVT Inflammation Assessed by 18F-FDG-PET/CT Predicts Subsequent Vein Wall Scarring

2016 ◽  
Vol 36 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Chase W Kessinger ◽  
Ahmed Tawakol ◽  
Gregory R Wojtkiewicz ◽  
Peter K Henke ◽  
Ralph Weissleder ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fdg Pet ◽  
Vena Cava ◽  
Standard Uptake Value ◽  
Vein Wall ◽  
Positron Emission ◽  
Pet Ct ◽  
18F Fdg ◽  
The Right ◽  
Fdg Pet Ct

Objective: While venous thrombosis (VT)-induced inflammation facilitates thrombus resolution, inflammation causes vein wall scarring (VWS). Recently, statins have shown to improve VT resolution and reduce VT inflammatory components. In this study, we hypothesized that early VT inflammation detected by 18F-FDG positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) could predict subsequent late stage VWS, and would be attenuated by statin therapy. Methods: Stasis VT was induced in 8-12 week old male C57BL/6 mice (n=31) in either the right jugular vein (n=13) or inferior vena cava (IVC,n=18). Animals in the IVC VT cohort were randomized to statin (n=8) or control (n=10) treatment. Statin, rosuvastatin (5mg/kg), was administered by oral gavage, daily starting 24 hours prior to VT induction; control mice received saline. All mice underwent survival FDG-PET/CT venography imaging on day 2. FDG inflammation signals (standard uptake value=SUV) were measured in the thrombosed vein and compared to the sham-operated venous segments or treatment control. On day 14, mice were sacrificed and VT tissue was resected. Picrosirius red staining allowed measurement of collagen and vein wall thickness in VT sections. Results: FDG-PET/CT at day 2 revealed increased inflammation signal activity in jugular VT (SUV 1.43 ± 0.3 VT vs. 0.81 ± 0.3 contralateral vein, p<0.0001). Statin-treated mice showed a trend of decreased inflammation signal at day 2 in the IVC VT models (SUV 1.02 ± 0.1 statin VT vs. 1.42 ± 0.2 control VT, p=0.07). Day 14 histological analysis revealed significantly reduced vein wall injury in statin-treated animals (thickness, 32±9.4 μm statin; vs. 56.2±14.7 μm control, p=0.02). Day 2 FDG-PET inflammation in VT correlated positively with the magnitude of day 14 VWS (jugular VT, Spearman r=0.62, p=0.02; IVC VT r=0.74, p<0.001, respectively). Conclusions: Quantitative FDG-PET/CT imaging demonstrates that early in vivo VT inflammation predicts subsequent VWS, a driver of post-thrombotic syndrome (PTS). The overall findings strengthen: (i) the link between inflammation and PTS; (ii) the translational potential of FDG-PET inflammation to predict VWS and PTS; and (iii) the concept that statins and other anti-inflammatory therapies could reduce VWS and PTS.

Successful surgical management of hepatic alveolar echinococcosis by inductive therapy with albendazole – a case report

2020 ◽  
Vol 58 (01) ◽  
pp. 63-67 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Bartels ◽  
Thomas Schmidt ◽  
Christoph Lübbert
Keyword(s):  
Hepatic Vein ◽  
Fdg Pet ◽  
Alveolar Echinococcosis ◽  
Postoperative Treatment ◽  
Blood Levels ◽  
Hepatic Alveolar Echinococcosis ◽  
Pet Ct ◽  
18F Fdg ◽  
The Right ◽  
Fdg Pet Ct

AbstractWe report the case of a 65-year-old female patient with hepatic alveolar echinococcosis (AE) caused by Echinococcus multilocularis. This infrequent zoonosis has a considerable morbidity and mortality. The malignant appearing hepatic mass was initially misdiagnosed as cholangiocarcinoma of the right hepatic lobe (segments VII, VIII, and IVa, sized 10.9 cm × 7.6 cm) involving the right and middle hepatic vein and extending close to the left hepatic vein. During exploratory laparotomy, the frozen-section biopsy was indicative of AE (World Health Organization [WHO] classification: stage P3N0M0). Due to the high operative risk, it was decided to pretreat the patient with albendazole as inductive therapy in order to remove the AE secondarily in accordance with the patient’s request. After year-long treatment with albendazole (under strict control of the maximum blood levels), a right hemihepatectomy was successfully performed. Postoperative treatment with albendazole had to be stopped prematurely after 11 months due to considerable subjective intolerance and a more-than-tenfold elevation of transaminases despite normal therapeutic albendazole blood levels. A 18F-FDG-PET/CT scan revealed no evidence of AE residues. Conducting follow-up examinations by 18F-FDG-PET/CT scans every 2 years is planned in order to recognize possible recurrence at an early stage.

scholarly journals Simultaneous use of FDG-18 and 68Ga-citrate PET/CT for the differential diagnosis of sarcoidosis and malignant disease

2020 ◽  
Vol 90 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Cuneyt Tetikkurt ◽  
Haluk Sayman ◽  
Selin Ece Dedeoglu ◽  
Bahar Kubat ◽  
Seza Tetikkurt
Keyword(s):  
Fdg Pet ◽  
Malignant Disease ◽  
Pulmonary Function Tests ◽  
Granulomatous Inflammation ◽  
Final Diagnosis ◽  
Middle Lobe ◽  
Pet Ct ◽  
18F Fdg ◽  
Simultaneous Use ◽  
The Right

A 67-year-old male presented with cutaneous rash, lassitude and fatigue of three weeks. Personal history included psoriasis and sarcoidosis. Physical examination revealed macular rash on the anterior chest wall. Laboratory results were within normal limits. Chest X-ray showed normal findings. Pulmonary function tests demonstrated a mild obstructive pattern and a mild decrease in DLCO/VA. Thorax CT revealed two nodules in the right upper and middle lobe. 68Ga-citrate PET/CT did not demonstrate any active inflammatory reaction associated with sarcoidosis while 18F-FDG PET/CT revealed increased FDG uptake in the right middle lobe, upper division bronchus and in the left lower abdominal quadrant. Histopathologic examination of the colon biopsy was compatible with adenocarcinoma and bronchoscopic biopsy of the lung lesions revealed nonspecific granulomatous inflammation. BAL cytology was normal while BAL culture did not grow any pathologic organisms. Simultaneous use of 18F-FDG and 68Ga-citrate PET/CT was the hallmark for the final diagnosis in our patient. While FDG/PET has detected the pulmonary and colonic malignant foci in our patient, 68Ga-citrate PET/CT excluded the presence of active granulomatous inflammation of sarcoidosis. Simultaneous utility of these two imaging modalities in patients with sarcoidosis is of great importance in terms of guiding the clinician towards the accurate diagnostic pathway which is the hallmark for final diagnosis, especially in the presence of concomitant malignant disease.

scholarly journals Changes in 18F-FDG PET-CT Appearances of Treated Malignant Melanoma Metastases within the Right Atrium

2015 ◽  
Vol 24 (suppl 1) ◽  
pp. 25-27
Author(s):  
Luke Ienari Sonoda ◽  
Bal Sanghera ◽  
Katharine Nowlan ◽  
Emma Roantree ◽  
Thomas Wagner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Malignant Melanoma ◽  
Right Atrium ◽  
Fdg Pet ◽  
Pet Ct ◽  
Melanoma Metastases ◽  
18F Fdg ◽  
The Right ◽  
Fdg Pet Ct

scholarly journals Subcortical Hypermetabolism Associated With Cortical Hypometabolism Is a Common Metabolic Pattern in Patients With Anti-Leucine-Rich Glioma-Inactivated 1 Antibody Encephalitis

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaobin Zhao ◽  
Shaokun Zhao ◽  
Yaojing Chen ◽  
Zhanjun Zhang ◽  
Xiaotong Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fdg Pet ◽  
Parietal Lobe ◽  
Statistical Parametric Mapping ◽  
Occipital Lobe ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Metabolic Pattern ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
Positron Emission ◽  
Neurologic Disability ◽  
The Individual

PurposeBrain 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (FDG PET) is a sensitive technique for assisting in the diagnosis of patients with anti-leucine-rich glioma-inactivated 1 (LGI1) antibody encephalitis. However, the common pattern of this disorder assessed by FDG PET remains unknown. The present study aimed to explore the glucose metabolic patterns of this disorder based on PET voxel analysis.MethodsThis retrospective study enrolled 25 patients with anti-LGI1 encephalitis, who were admitted in Beijing Tiantan Hospital between September 2014 and July 2019. The glucose metabolic pattern was compared between the included patients and 44 age- and gender-matched healthy controls using Statistical Parametric Mapping. Then, the correlation between the metabolic pattern and scaled activities of daily living (ADLs) of the patients was assessed.ResultsThe median time from symptom onset to PET scans was 9 w (range:2-53w). The groupwise analysis revealed that patients with anti-LGI1 encephalitis had left hippocampal hypermetabolism and hypometabolism in almost all neocortical regions. The individual-level results showed most patients presented a decreased metabolism in neocortical regions, as well as an increase in metabolism in the hippocampus and basal ganglia. Furthermore, the metabolic gradient between hippocampus and neocortical regions was positively associated with the ADLs (frontal lobe, r=0.529, P=0.008; parietal lobe, r=0.474, P=0.019; occipital lobe, r=0.413, P=0.045; temporal lobe, r=0.490, P=0.015), respectively. In addition, the patients with facio-brachial dystonic seizures (FBDS) presented bilateral putamen hypermetabolism, when compared to patients without FBDS and healthy controls.ConclusionSubcortical hypermetabolism associated with cortical hypometabolism presented with a common metabolic pattern in patients with anti-LGI1 encephalitis in the present study. The resolution of the metabolic gradient of the hippocampal hypermetabolism and neocortical hypometabolism may bring about improved clinical neurologic disability.

Priming of Color and Position during Visual Search in Unilateral Spatial Neglect

2005 ◽  
Vol 17 (6) ◽  
pp. 859-873 ◽  
Author(s):  
Árni Kristjánsson ◽  
Patrik Vuilleumier ◽  
Paresh Malhotra ◽  
Masud Husain ◽  
Jon Driver
Keyword(s):  
Visual Search ◽  
Target Location ◽  
Parietal Lobe ◽  
Spatial Neglect ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Unilateral Spatial Neglect ◽  
Inferior Parietal Lobe ◽  
Color Priming ◽  
The Right ◽  
Singleton Target

We examined priming of visual search by repeated target location or color in two patients with left visual neglect and extinction, following strokes centered on the right inferior parietal lobe. Both patients, like the healthy controls we tested, showed intact priming, with performance speeded when either the location or color of a singleton target was repeated over successive trials in a standard search condition (Experiment 1). This was observed both from and to targets on the contralesional (left) side. Moreover, priming of search was still observed even when a return of fixation back to display-center was required between successive trials (Experiment 2). When briefer displays were used (Experiment 3), the patients often failed to detect left targets. This situation revealed an important dissociation: Whereas location priming only arose from preceding left targets that had been consciously detected, color priming (possibly arising within the intact ventral stream) did not depend on awareness of the preceding target. There was considerable color priming from missed targets. These findings demonstrate relatively intact priming of visual search by color and location in patients with right parietal damage, and also reveal that location priming may differ from color priming in requiring awareness.

scholarly journals Voxel-wise analysis of 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose metabolism in correlation with variations in the presentation of Alzheimer’s disease: a clinician’s guide

2019 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
pp. 300-8
Author(s):  
Siti Aishah Abdul Aziz ◽  
Loh Jia Ling ◽  
Fathinul Fikri Ahmad Saad ◽  
Abdul Jalil Nordin ◽  
Normala Ibrahim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Fdg Pet ◽  
Parietal Lobe ◽  
Neuropsychological Testing ◽  
Standardized Uptake Value ◽  
18F Fluorodeoxyglucose ◽  
Pet Ct ◽  
18F Fdg ◽  
Fdg Pet Ct

BACKGROUND Diagnostic imaging can be applied in the management of Alzheimer’s disease as it provides structural and functional information to exclude possible secondary causes and offers additional information, especially in atypical cases of Alzheimer’s disease. The utility of positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) can help in the noninvasive diagnosis of Alzheimer’s disease by voxel-wise quantification of cerebral 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) metabolism.  METHODS This prospective study was conducted among 10 subjects with Alzheimer’s disease and 10 healthy control subjects who underwent neuropsychological testing and 18F-FDG PET/CT scans. Images of the brain were postprocessed using voxel-wise analysis and segmented into 20 regions of interest. The standardized uptake value (SUV)max/SUVmean/standard deviation of SUVmean results were analyzed accordingly and correlated with the subjects’ Montreal cognitive assessment (MoCA) results that were adjusted for age and education level.  RESULTS Hypometabolism at the right parietal lobe significantly correlated with increasing age and lower MoCA scores. Global hypometabolism was observed in subjects who had advanced Alzheimer’s disease but preserved primary somatosensory cortices (S1) region metabolism. Predominance of frontal lobe hypometabolism was a feature of subjects with Alzheimer’s disease having associated depressive symptoms.  CONCLUSIONS 18F-FDG PET/CT voxel-wise analysis can be used for quantitative assessment and can assist clinicians in the diagnosis of Alzheimer’s disease and other variations of the disease spectrum.

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