scholarly journals Earthworm activity optimized the rhizosphere bacterial community structure and further alleviated the yield loss in continuous cropping lily (Lilium lancifolium Thunb.)

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yaoxiong Lu ◽  
Peng Gao ◽  
Yunsheng Wang ◽  
Wei Li ◽  
Xinwei Cui ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Community Structure ◽  
Microbial Community ◽  
Bacterial Community ◽  
Soil Microbial Community ◽  
Bacterial Community Structure ◽  
Rhizosphere Soil ◽  
The Other ◽  
Continuous Cropping ◽  
Soil Microbial ◽  
Rhizosphere Bacterial Community

AbstractThe soil microbial community plays a vital role in the biogeochemical cycles of bioelements and maintaining healthy soil conditions in agricultural ecosystems. However, how the soil microbial community responds to mitigation measures for continuous cropping obstacles remains largely unknown. Here we examined the impact of quicklime (QL), chemical fungicide (CF), inoculation with earthworm (IE), and a biocontrol agent (BA) on the soil microbial community structure, and the effects toward alleviating crop yield decline in lily. High-throughput sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene from the lily rhizosphere after 3 years of continuous cropping was performed using the Illumina MiSeq platform. The results showed that Proteobacteria, Acidobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Actinobacteria, Chloroflexi and Gemmatimonadetes were the dominant bacterial phyla, with a total relative abundance of 86.15–91.59%. On the other hand, Betaproteobacteriales, Rhizobiales, Myxococcales, Gemmatimonadales, Xanthomonadales, and Micropepsales were the dominant orders with a relative abundance of 28.23–37.89%. The hydrogen ion concentration (pH) and available phosphorus (AP) were the key factors affecting the structure and diversity of the bacterial community. The yield of continuous cropping lily with using similar treatments decreased yearly for the leaf blight, but that of IE was significantly (p < 0.05) higher than with the other treatments in the same year, which were 17.9%, 18.54%, and 15.69% higher than that of blank control (CK) over 3 years. In addition, IE significantly (p < 0.05) increased organic matter (OM), available nitrogen (AN), AP, and available potassium (AK) content in the lily rhizosphere soil, optimized the structure and diversity of the rhizosphere bacterial community, and increased the abundance of several beneficial bacterial taxa, including Rhizobiales, Myxococcales, Streptomycetales and Pseudomonadales. Therefore, enriching the number of earthworms in fields could effectively optimize the bacterial community structure of the lily rhizosphere soil, promote the circulation and release in soil nutrients and consequently alleviate the loss of continuous cropping lily yield.

scholarly journals Survival Rates of Microbial Communities from Livestock Waste to Soils: A Comparison between Compost and Digestate

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-15
Author(s):  
Maiko Akari ◽  
Yoshitaka Uchida
Keyword(s):  
Community Structure ◽  
Microbial Community ◽  
Bacterial Community ◽  
Microbial Communities ◽  
Soil Microbial Community ◽  
Survival Rates ◽  
Chemical Fertilizer ◽  
Livestock Waste ◽  
Soil Microbial Community Structure ◽  
Soil Microbial

Livestock waste-based products, such as composted manure, are often used in crop production systems. The products’ microbial characteristics differ depending on animal waste treatment methods used (e.g., biogas production/composting). The question remains whether different livestock waste-based products differently impact soil microbiota. A pot experiment with five treatments (control, chemical fertilizer, digestate + chemical fertilizer, wheat straw compost + chemical fertilizer, and woodchip compost + chemical fertilizer) was conducted to compare the survival rates of microbial communities from digestate and composted manure, after their application to agricultural soil. Potatoes were planted in each pot. The changes in soil pH, the concentration of ammonium and nitrate, and the microbial community properties were monitored after 1, 6, 10, and 14 weeks of the application of livestock waste-based products. The application of composted manure, especially woodchip compost, showed a relatively more extensive impact on the soil microbial community structure than the other treatments. Woodchip compost contained a relatively more abundant and diverse bacterial community than digestate, and its family-level bacterial community structure was similar to that of the soil. These characteristics might determine the extent of the impact of livestock waste-based products on soil microbial communities. Digestate markedly influenced the inorganic nitrogen concentrations in soils but did not affect the soil microbial community. In conclusion, the survival rate of microbes of livestock waste-based products varies depending on the product type. Further investigation is needed to fully understand their impact on soils’ microbial functions.

scholarly journals Effects of Spartina alterniflora Invasion on Soil Microbial Community Structure and Ecological Functions

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 138
Author(s):  
Minmin Cao ◽  
Lina Cui ◽  
Huimin Sun ◽  
Xiaomian Zhang ◽  
Xiang Zheng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Community Structure ◽  
Microbial Community ◽  
Bacterial Community ◽  
Spartina Alterniflora ◽  
Soil Microbial Community ◽  
Soil Microorganisms ◽  
Invasion Process ◽  
Ecological Functions ◽  
Soil Microbial ◽  
Spartina Alterniflora Invasion

It has been reported that the invasion of Spartina alterniflora changed the soil microbial community in the mangrove ecosystem in China, especially the bacterial community, although the response of soil fungal communities and soil microbial ecological functions to the invasion of Spartina alterniflora remains unclear. In this study, we selected three different communities (i.e., Spartina alterniflora community (SC), Spartina alterniflora–mangrove mixed community (TC), and mangrove community (MC)) in the Zhangjiangkou Mangrove Nature Reserve in China. High-throughput sequencing technology was used to analyze the impact of Spartina alterniflora invasion on mangrove soil microbial communities. Our results indicate that the invasion of Spartina alterniflora does not cause significant changes in microbial diversity, but it can alter the community structure of soil bacteria. The results of the LEfSe (LDA Effect Size) analysis show that the relative abundance of some bacterial taxa is not significantly different between the MC and SC communities, but different changes have occurred during the invasion process (i.e., TC community). Different from the results of the bacterial community, the invasion of Spartina alterniflora only cause a significant increase in few fungal taxa during the invasion process, and these taxa are at some lower levels (such as family, genus, and species) and classified into the phylum Ascomycota. Although the invasion of Spartina alterniflora changes the taxa with certain ecological functions, it may not change the potential ecological functions of soil microorganisms (i.e., the potential metabolic pathways of bacteria, nutritional patterns, and fungal associations). In general, the invasion of Spartina alterniflora changes the community structure of soil microorganisms, but it may not affect the potential ecological functions of soil microorganisms.

scholarly journals Soil Microbial Community Successional Patterns during Forest Ecosystem Restoration

2011 ◽  
Vol 77 (17) ◽  
pp. 6158-6164 ◽  
Author(s):  
Natasha C. Banning ◽  
Deirdre B. Gleeson ◽  
Andrew H. Grigg ◽  
Carl D. Grant ◽  
Gary L. Andersen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Community Structure ◽  
Microbial Community ◽  
Bacterial Community ◽  
Fungal Community ◽  
Soil Microbial Community ◽  
Ecosystem Restoration ◽  
Community Structures ◽  
Soil Microbial ◽  
Soil Bacterial ◽  
Edaphic Variables

ABSTRACTSoil microbial community characterization is increasingly being used to determine the responses of soils to stress and disturbances and to assess ecosystem sustainability. However, there is little experimental evidence to indicate that predictable patterns in microbial community structure or composition occur during secondary succession or ecosystem restoration. This study utilized a chronosequence of developing jarrah (Eucalyptus marginata) forest ecosystems, rehabilitated after bauxite mining (up to 18 years old), to examine changes in soil bacterial and fungal community structures (by automated ribosomal intergenic spacer analysis [ARISA]) and changes in specific soil bacterial phyla by 16S rRNA gene microarray analysis. This study demonstrated that mining in these ecosystems significantly altered soil bacterial and fungal community structures. The hypothesis that the soil microbial community structures would become more similar to those of the surrounding nonmined forest with rehabilitation age was broadly supported by shifts in the bacterial but not the fungal community. Microarray analysis enabled the identification of clear successional trends in the bacterial community at the phylum level and supported the finding of an increase in similarity to nonmined forest soil with rehabilitation age. Changes in soil microbial community structure were significantly related to the size of the microbial biomass as well as numerous edaphic variables (including pH and C, N, and P nutrient concentrations). These findings suggest that soil bacterial community dynamics follow a pattern in developing ecosystems that may be predictable and can be conceptualized as providing an integrated assessment of numerous edaphic variables.

Maize (Zea mays L. Sp.) varieties significantly influence bacterial and fungal community in bulk soil, rhizosphere soil and phyllosphere

2020 ◽  
Vol 96 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiao Kong ◽  
Zhenfei Han ◽  
Xin Tai ◽  
Decai Jin ◽  
Sen Ai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Community Structure ◽  
Bacterial Community ◽  
Bacterial Diversity ◽  
Fungal Community ◽  
Bacterial Community Structure ◽  
Rhizosphere Soil ◽  
The Other ◽  
Bulk Soil ◽  
Maize Varieties ◽  
Soil Rhizosphere

ABSTRACT The plant–microbe interaction can affect ecosystem function, and many studies have demonstrated that plant species influence relevant microorganisms. In this study, microbial communities in bulk soil, rhizosphere soil and phyllosphere from different maize varieties were investigated using high-throughput sequencing method. Results demonstrated that cultivar Gaoneng 1 (G1) showed higher bacterial diversity in soil (both bulk and rhizosphere soils) and lower bacterial diversity in the phyllosphere, while cultivar Gaoneng 2 (G2) had lower fungal diversity in both the soil and phyllosphere compare to the other cultivars. The bacterial community structure of soils among the three varieties was significantly different; however, no significant differences were found in the soil fungal community and phyllosphere bacterial and fungal community. The soil networks from cultivar G1 and phyllosphere networks from cultivar Zhengdan (ZD) have the highest complexity in contrast to the other two cultivars. In conclusion, the bacterial community structure in bulk soil of different cultivars was significantly different, so do the co-occurrence ecological networks of phyllosphere bacterial community. This study comprehensively analyzed the microbial community among different maize cultivars and could be useful for guiding practices, such as evaluation of new plant cultivars and quality predictions of these varieties at the microbial level.

scholarly journals Soil Bacterial Community Diversity and Composition as Affected by Tillage Intensity Treatments in Corn-Soybean Production Systems

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 157-172
Author(s):  
Shankar G. Shanmugam ◽  
Normie W. Buehring ◽  
Jon D. Prevost ◽  
William L. Kingery
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Community ◽  
Bacterial Community ◽  
Community Composition ◽  
Production System ◽  
Soil Microbial Community ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Bacterial Community Composition ◽  
Soybean Production ◽  
Soil Microbial ◽  
Soil Bacterial

Our understanding on the effects of tillage intensity on the soil microbial community structure and composition in crop production systems are limited. This study evaluated the soil microbial community composition and diversity under different tillage management systems in an effort to identify management practices that effectively support sustainable agriculture. We report results from a three-year study to determine the effects on changes in soil microbial diversity and composition from four tillage intensity treatments and two residue management treatments in a corn-soybean production system using Illumina high-throughput sequencing of 16S rRNA genes. Soil samples were collected from tillage treatments at locations in the Southern Coastal Plain (Verona, Mississippi, USA) and Southern Mississippi River Alluvium (Stoneville, Mississippi, USA) for soil analysis and bacterial community characterization. Our results indicated that different tillage intensity treatments differentially changed the relative abundances of bacterial phyla. The Mantel test of correlations indicated that differences among bacterial community composition were significantly influenced by tillage regime (rM = 0.39, p ≤ 0.0001). Simpson’s reciprocal diversity index indicated greater bacterial diversity with reduction in tillage intensity for each year and study location. For both study sites, differences in tillage intensity had significant influence on the abundance of Proteobacteria. The shift in the soil bacterial community composition under different tillage systems was strongly correlated to changes in labile carbon pool in the system and how it affected the microbial metabolism. This study indicates that soil management through tillage intensity regime had a profound influence on diversity and composition of soil bacterial communities in a corn-soybean production system.

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