scholarly journals Cardiorespiratory function of patients undergoing surgical correction of Scheuermann's hyperkyphosis

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Pablo Vera ◽  
Alejandro Lorente ◽  
Jesús Burgos ◽  
Pablo Palacios ◽  
Luis M. Antón-Rodrigálvarez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vital Capacity ◽  
Maximal Exercise ◽  
Tolerance Test ◽  
Surgical Correction ◽  
Functional Changes ◽  
Cardiorespiratory Function ◽  
Exercise Tolerance Test ◽  
Ventilatory Capacity ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Residual Growth

AbstractThe aim of this study was to analyze the impact of surgical correction of the thoracic deformity on the cardiorespiratory function of patients with moderate-severe Scheuermann’s hyperkyphosis (SK). A series of 23 adolescents with SK who underwent surgery through an only posterior approach using all pedicle screw constructs were included in the study. Cardiorespiratory parameters were measured during a maximal exercise tolerance test before and 2 years after surgery. Heart rate, oxygen saturation (SatO2), maximum oxygen uptake (VO2 max), ventilatory capacity at maximal exercise (VEmax), and energy costs were recorded. There were statistically significant differences in the forced vital capacity (FVC) (P < 0.05), total VO2max (ml/min) (P < 0.01), maximum expired volume (VEmax) per minute (P < 0.01) and cardiovascular efficiency (HR/VO2 ratio) (P < 0.05). None of these changes were clinically relevant. There were no changes in the VO2max per kg of body mass. The magnitude of the kyphosis correction did not correlate with the change in normalized VO2max or VEmax. In conclusion, patients with moderate-severe SK improve their baseline respiratory limitations and the tolerance to maximum exercise 2 years after surgery. However, the slight cardiorespiratory functional improvements should not necessarily be attributed to the surgery, and could also be caused solely by the residual growth of the lungs and thorax. Furthermore, respiratory functional changes are under thresholds considered as clinically relevant.

Significant Ventilatory Functional Restriction in Adolescents With Mild or Moderate Scoliosis During Maximal Exercise Tolerance Test

Spine ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 30 (14) ◽  
pp. 1610-1615 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlos Barrios ◽  
Cristina Pérez-Encinas ◽  
José Ignacio Maruenda ◽  
Manuel Laguía
Keyword(s):  
Exercise Tolerance ◽  
Maximal Exercise ◽  
Tolerance Test ◽  
Exercise Tolerance Test ◽  
Functional Restriction

Criteria to verify attainment of maximal exercise tolerance test with obese females

1990 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
pp. S283-S286 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph E. Donnelly ◽  
John Jakicic ◽  
Mickey Roscoe ◽  
Dennis J. Jacobsen ◽  
Richard G. Israel
Keyword(s):  
Exercise Tolerance ◽  
Maximal Exercise ◽  
Tolerance Test ◽  
Exercise Tolerance Test

scholarly journals Ineffective Cardiorespiratory Function in Hyperthyroidism1

1998 ◽  
Vol 83 (11) ◽  
pp. 4075-4078
Author(s):  
George J. Kahaly ◽  
Jana Nieswandt ◽  
Stefan Wagner ◽  
Jens Schlegel ◽  
Susanne Mohr-Kahaly ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vital Capacity ◽  
Maximal Exercise ◽  
Minute Ventilation ◽  
Work Rate ◽  
O2 Uptake ◽  
Respiratory Muscle Weakness ◽  
Cardiorespiratory Function ◽  
Common Complaint ◽  
O2 Pulse ◽  
Low Efficiency

Dyspnea on exertion is a common complaint in hyperthyroidism, and this thyroid dysfunction has been implicated as a primary cause of impaired effort tolerance. Using spirometry and spiroergometry, 42 patients with untreated hyperthyroidism were examined, and the condition was controlled 7 days later under propranolol monotherapy, as well as after 6 months in euthyroidism. While hyperthyroid, reduced forced vital capacity and tidal volume at the anaerobic threshold (AT) were observed in comparison to euthyroidism. Decreased oxygen (O2) pulse at AT (7 ± 0.4 vs. 9.1 ± 0.4 mL/beat, P = 0.0012) and at maximal exercise was noted in hyperthyroidism and was enhanced under propranolol (8.9 ± 0.4 mL/beat, P = 0.0001). During exercise, the increment of minute ventilation (16.1 ± 0.7 vs. 20.2 ± 1.0 L/min, P = 0.0015), O2 uptake (9 ± 0.5 vs. 11.4 ± 0.5 mL/min/kg, P = 0.0022), O2 pulse (4.0 ± 0.3 vs. 5.6 ± 0.3 mL/beat, P = 0.0001), and heart rate (53 ± 2 vs. 65 ± 3 beat/min, P = 0.0004) was markedly lower in hyper- vs. euthyroidism. Work rate at AT and at maximum was reduced in hyper- vs. euthyroidism (107.4 ± 3 vs. 141.1 ± 4 watt, P= 0.0001). Negative correlations between free T3 and O2 pulse at AT (r = −0.59, P = 0.0005), delta O2 uptake (r = −0.54, P = 0.0007), delta minute ventilation (r = −0.48, P = 0.0007), and maximal work rate (r = −0.62, P = 0.0001) were noted. In hyperthyroidism, analysis of respiratory gas exchange showed low efficiency of cardiopulmonary function, respiratory muscle weakness, and impaired exercise capacity, which were reversible in euthyroidism.

9:37 Ventilatory functional restriction in adolescents with mild or moderate scoliosis during maximal exercise tolerance test

2002 ◽  
Vol 2 (5) ◽  
pp. 78-79
Author(s):  
Carlos Barrios ◽  
Cristina Pérez-Encinas ◽  
Jose Ignacio Maruenda ◽  
Pablo Renovell ◽  
Nieves De Bernardo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Exercise Tolerance ◽  
Maximal Exercise ◽  
Tolerance Test ◽  
Exercise Tolerance Test ◽  
Functional Restriction

scholarly journals Development of a Wearable Mouth Guard Device for Monitoring Teeth Clenching during Exercise

Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 1503
Author(s):  
Rio Kinjo ◽  
Takahiro Wada ◽  
Hiroshi Churei ◽  
Takehiro Ohmi ◽  
Kairi Hayashi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Force Sensor ◽  
Tolerance Test ◽  
Sensor Output ◽  
Sports Performance ◽  
Teeth Grinding ◽  
Exercise Tolerance Test ◽  
Sensor Position ◽  
Video Motion Analysis ◽  
Teeth Clenching ◽  
The Relationship

Teeth clenching during exercise is important for sports performance and health. Recently, several mouth guard (MG)-type wearable devices for exercise were studied because they do not disrupt the exercise. In this study, we developed a wearable MG device with force sensors on both sides of the maxillary first molars to monitor teeth clenching. The force sensor output increased linearly up to 70 N. In four simple occlusion tests, the trends exhibited by the outputs of the MG sensor were consistent with those of an electromyogram (EMG), and the MG device featured sufficient temporal resolution to measure the timing of teeth clenching. When the jaw moved, the MG sensor outputs depended on the sensor position. The MG sensor output from the teeth-grinding test agreed with the video-motion analysis results. It was comparatively difficult to use the EMG because it contained a significant noise level. Finally, the usefulness of the MG sensor was confirmed through an exercise tolerance test. This study indicated that the developed wearable MG device is useful for monitoring clenching timing and duration, and the degree of clenching during exercise, which can contribute to explaining the relationship between teeth clenching and sports performance.

scholarly journals Dopamine Transporter Genetic Reduction Induces Morpho-Functional Changes in the Enteric Nervous System

Biomedicines ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 465
Author(s):  
Silvia Cerantola ◽  
Valentina Caputi ◽  
Gabriella Contarini ◽  
Maddalena Mereu ◽  
Antonella Bertazzo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nervous System ◽  
Small Intestine ◽  
Enteric Nervous System ◽  
Dopamine Transporter ◽  
Myenteric Plexus ◽  
Receptor Activation ◽  
D1 Receptor ◽  
Functional Changes ◽  
Neurochemical Coding ◽  
The Impact

Antidopaminergic gastrointestinal prokinetics are indeed commonly used to treat gastrointestinal motility disorders, although the precise role of dopaminergic transmission in the gut is still unclear. Since dopamine transporter (DAT) is involved in several brain disorders by modulating extracellular dopamine in the central nervous system, this study evaluated the impact of DAT genetic reduction on the morpho-functional integrity of mouse small intestine enteric nervous system (ENS). In DAT heterozygous (DAT+/−) and wild-type (DAT+/+) mice (14 ± 2 weeks) alterations in small intestinal contractility were evaluated by isometrical assessment of neuromuscular responses to receptor and non-receptor-mediated stimuli. Changes in ENS integrity were studied by real-time PCR and confocal immunofluorescence microscopy in longitudinal muscle-myenteric plexus whole-mount preparations (). DAT genetic reduction resulted in a significant increase in dopamine-mediated effects, primarily via D1 receptor activation, as well as in reduced cholinergic response, sustained by tachykininergic and glutamatergic neurotransmission via NMDA receptors. These functional anomalies were associated to architectural changes in the neurochemical coding and S100β immunoreactivity in small intestine myenteric plexus. Our study provides evidence that genetic-driven DAT defective activity determines anomalies in ENS architecture and neurochemical coding together with ileal dysmotility, highlighting the involvement of dopaminergic system in gut disorders, often associated to neurological conditions.

scholarly journals The Impact of Oxidative Stress on Blood-Retinal Barrier Physiology in Age-Related Macular Degeneration

Cells ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 64
Author(s):  
Annamaria Tisi ◽  
Marco Feligioni ◽  
Maurizio Passacantando ◽  
Marco Ciancaglini ◽  
Rita Maccarone
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Macular Degeneration ◽  
Pigment Epithelium ◽  
Retinal Pigment ◽  
Age Related Macular Degeneration ◽  
Blood Retinal Barrier ◽  
Functional Changes ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Age Related ◽  
The Impact

The blood retinal barrier (BRB) is a fundamental eye component, whose function is to select the flow of molecules from the blood to the retina and vice-versa, and its integrity allows the maintenance of a finely regulated microenvironment. The outer BRB, composed by the choriocapillaris, the Bruch’s membrane, and the retinal pigment epithelium, undergoes structural and functional changes in age-related macular degeneration (AMD), the leading cause of blindness worldwide. BRB alterations lead to retinal dysfunction and neurodegeneration. Several risk factors have been associated with AMD onset in the past decades and oxidative stress is widely recognized as a key factor, even if the exact AMD pathophysiology has not been exactly elucidated yet. The present review describes the BRB physiology, the BRB changes occurring in AMD, the role of oxidative stress in AMD with a focus on the outer BRB structures. Moreover, we propose the use of cerium oxide nanoparticles as a new powerful anti-oxidant agent to combat AMD, based on the relevant existing data which demonstrated their beneficial effects in protecting the outer BRB in animal models of AMD.

scholarly journals The impact of low forced vital capacity on behavior restrictions in a population with airflow obstruction

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 1316-1324
Author(s):  
Noeul Kang ◽  
Sun Hye Shin ◽  
Seonhye Gu ◽  
Danbee Kang ◽  
Juhee Cho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Forced Vital Capacity ◽  
Vital Capacity ◽  
Airflow Obstruction ◽  
The Impact

Nonlinear increases in diffusing capacity during exercise by seated and supine subjects

1981 ◽  
Vol 51 (4) ◽  
pp. 858-863 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. L. Stokes ◽  
N. R. MacIntyre ◽  
J. A. Nadel
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Monoxide ◽  
Oxygen Consumption ◽  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Vital Capacity ◽  
Maximal Exercise ◽  
Sitting Position ◽  
Diffusing Capacity ◽  
Heavy Exercise ◽  
Lung Volumes ◽  
Rate Of Increase

To study the effects of exercise on pulmonary diffusing capacity, we measured the lungs' diffusing capacity for carbon monoxide (DLCO) during exhalation from 30 to 45% exhaled vital capacity in eight healthy subjects at rest and during exercise while both sitting and supine. We found that DLCO at these lung volumes in resting subjects was 26.3 +/- 3.2% (mean +/- SE) higher in the supine than in the sitting position (P less than 0.001). We also found that, in both positions, DLCO at these lung volumes increased significantly (P less than 0.001) with increasing exercise and approached similar values at maximal exercise. The pattern of increase in DLCO with an increase in oxygen consumption in both positions was curvilinear in that the rate of increase in DLCO during mild exercise was greater than the rate of increase in DLCO during heavy exercise (P = 0.02). Furthermore, in the supine position during exercise, it appeared that DLCO reached a physiological maximum.

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