Skeletal muscle oxidative capacity in rats fed high-fat diet

Elevated oxidative capacity, such as occurs via endurance exercise training, is believed to protect against the development of obesity and diabetes. Rats bred both for low (LCR)- and high (HCR)-capacity endurance running provide a genetic model with inherent differences in aerobic capacity that allows for the testing of this supposition without the confounding effects of a training stimulus. The purpose of this investigation was to determine the effects of a high-fat diet (HFD) on weight gain patterns, insulin sensitivity, and fatty acid oxidative capacity in LCR and HCR male rats in the untrained state. Results indicate chow-fed LCR rats were heavier, hypertriglyceridemic, less insulin sensitive, and had lower skeletal muscle oxidative capacity compared with HCR rats. Upon exposure to an HFD, LCR rats gained more weight and fat mass, and their insulin resistant condition was exacerbated, despite consuming similar amounts of metabolizable energy as chow-fed controls. These metabolic variables remained unaltered in HCR rats. The HFD increased skeletal muscle oxidative capacity similarly in both strains, whereas hepatic oxidative capacity was diminished only in LCR rats. These results suggest that LCR rats are predisposed to obesity and that expansion of skeletal muscle oxidative capacity does not prevent excess weight gain or the exacerbation of insulin resistance on an HFD. Elevated basal skeletal muscle oxidative capacity and the ability to preserve liver oxidative capacity may protect HCR rats from HFD-induced obesity and insulin resistance.

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Improvement in skeletal muscle oxidative capacity by fish oil supplementation is associated with decreased insulin resistance induced by high‐fat diet in C57Bl/6 mice

The FASEB Journal ◽

10.1096/fasebj.27.1_supplement.lb707 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 27 (S1) ◽

Author(s):

Sandro M Hirabara ◽

Amanda R Martins ◽

Bruno G Teodoro ◽

Lucas H Montes Bomfim ◽

Amanda R Crisma ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Insulin Resistance ◽

Skeletal Muscle ◽

Fish Oil ◽

High Fat Diet ◽

Oxidative Capacity ◽

High Fat ◽

Muscle Oxidative Capacity ◽

Fish Oil Supplementation

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Human skeletal muscle metabolic responses to 6 days of high‐fat overfeeding are associated with dietary n‐3PUFA content and muscle oxidative capacity

Physiological Reports ◽

10.14814/phy2.14529 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 8 (16) ◽

Author(s):

Sophie L. Wardle ◽

Lindsay S. Macnaughton ◽

Chris McGlory ◽

Oliver C. Witard ◽

James R. Dick ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Skeletal Muscle ◽

Human Skeletal Muscle ◽

Oxidative Capacity ◽

Metabolic Responses ◽

High Fat ◽

Muscle Oxidative Capacity

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Increased mitochondrial content rescues in vivo muscle oxidative capacity in long‐term high‐fat‐diet‐fed rats

The FASEB Journal ◽

10.1096/fj.09-143842 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 24 (5) ◽

pp. 1354-1364 ◽

Cited By ~ 41

Author(s):

N. M. A. Van den Broek ◽

J. Ciapaite ◽

H. M. M. L. De Feyter ◽

S. M. Houten ◽

R. J. A. Wanders ◽

...

Keyword(s):

High Fat Diet ◽

Oxidative Capacity ◽

High Fat ◽

Mitochondrial Content ◽

Muscle Oxidative Capacity

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Effect of high-fat feeding on metabolic efficiency and mitochondrial oxidative capacity in adult rats

British Journal Of Nutrition ◽

10.1079/bjn2003000968 ◽

2003 ◽

Vol 90 (5) ◽

pp. 953-960 ◽

Cited By ~ 90

Author(s):

Susanna Iossa ◽

Lillà Lionetti ◽

Maria P. Mollica ◽

Raffaella Crescenzo ◽

Monica Botta ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Skeletal Muscle ◽

Energy Intake ◽

High Fat Diet ◽

Oxidative Capacity ◽

Metabolic Efficiency ◽

High Fat ◽

Adult Rats ◽

Serum Leptin ◽

Mitochondrial Oxidative Capacity ◽

Fat Feeding

The changes in metabolic efficiency, body composition, and nutrient partitioning induced by high-fat feeding were evaluated in adult rats (90d of age). The alterations in serum free triiodothyronine, insulin, and leptin levels, as well as in hepatic and skeletal muscle metabolism, were also assessed. Rats were fed either a low- or a high-fat diet for 2 weeks. Relative to the low-fat feeding, energy intake and expenditure, as well as body-energy gain, lipid gain, and energetic efficiency, were increased by the high-fat feeding. Increased serum leptin levels accompanied these variations. A positive correlation between serum leptin levels and percentage of body fat was found in the rats fed the low- or high-fat diet, with a significant divergence between the slope of the regression lines. Furthermore, a negative correlation between serum leptin level and energy intake was found in the rats fed the low-fat diet, while a positive correlation was found in the rats fed the high-fat diet. Finally, the high-fat feeding decreased the hepatic and skeletal muscle mitochondrial oxidative capacity. It is concluded that, in adult rats, a nutritional factor such as a high level of fat in the diet induces obesity, leptin resistance, and impairment of mitochondrial capacity, all phenomena typical of unrestrained aged rats.

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Influence of fish oil on skeletal muscle mitochondrial energetics and lipid metabolites during high-fat diet

AJP Endocrinology and Metabolism ◽

10.1152/ajpendo.00584.2012 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 304 (12) ◽

pp. E1391-E1403 ◽

Cited By ~ 68

Author(s):

Ian R. Lanza ◽

Agnieszka Blachnio-Zabielska ◽

Matthew L. Johnson ◽

Jill M. Schimke ◽

Daniel R. Jakaitis ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Skeletal Muscle ◽

Fish Oil ◽

Glucose Intolerance ◽

High Fat Diet ◽

Oxidative Capacity ◽

Protective Effects ◽

Omega 3 ◽

High Fat ◽

Beneficial Effects ◽

Lipid Metabolites

Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 PUFAs) enhance insulin sensitivity and glucose homeostasis in rodent models of insulin resistance. These beneficial effects have been linked with anti-inflammatory properties, but emerging data suggest that the mechanisms may also converge on mitochondria. We evaluated the influence of dietary n-3 PUFAs on mitochondrial physiology and muscle lipid metabolites in the context of high-fat diet (HFD) in mice. Mice were fed control diets (10% fat), HFD (60% fat), or HFD with fish oil (HFD+FO, 3.4% kcal from n-3 PUFAs) for 10 wk. Body mass and fat mass increased similarly in HFD and HFD+FO, but n-3 PUFAs attenuated the glucose intolerance that developed with HFD and increased expression of genes that regulate glucose metabolism in skeletal muscle. Despite similar muscle triglyceride levels in HFD and HFD+FO, long-chain acyl-CoAs and ceramides were lower in the presence of fish oil. Mitochondrial abundance and oxidative capacity were similarly increased in HFD and HFD+FO compared with controls. Hydrogen peroxide production was similarly elevated in HFD and HFD+FO in isolated mitochondria but not in permeabilized muscle fibers, likely due to increased activity and expression of catalase. These results support a hypothesis that n-3 PUFAs protect glucose tolerance, in part by preventing the accumulation of bioactive lipid mediators that interfere with insulin action. Furthermore, the respiratory function of skeletal muscle mitochondria does not appear to be a major factor in sphingolipid accumulation, glucose intolerance, or the protective effects of n-3 PUFAs.

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Untargeted Metabolomic Characteristics of Skeletal Muscle Dysfunction in Rabbits Induced by a High Fat Diet

Animals ◽

10.3390/ani11061722 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (6) ◽

pp. 1722

Author(s):

Huimei Fan ◽

Yanhong Li ◽

Jie Wang ◽

Jiahao Shao ◽

Tao Tang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Skeletal Muscle ◽

High Fat Diet ◽

Metabolic Diseases ◽

Muscle Metabolism ◽

Principal Component ◽

Oxidative Capacity ◽

Ultra Performance Liquid Chromatography ◽

Normal Diet ◽

High Fat ◽

Tissue Samples

Type 2 diabetes and metabolic syndrome caused by a high fat diet (HFD) have become public health problems worldwide. These diseases are characterized by the oxidation of skeletal muscle mitochondria and disruption of insulin resistance, but the mechanisms are not well understood. Therefore, this study aims to reveal how high-fat diet causes skeletal muscle metabolic disorders. In total, 16 weaned rabbits were randomly divided into two groups, one group was fed a standard normal diet (SND) and the other group was fed a high fat diet (HFD) for 5 weeks. At the end of the five-week experiment, skeletal muscle tissue samples were taken from each rabbit. Untargeted metabolomic analysis was performed using ultra-performance liquid chromatography combined with mass spectrometry (UHPLC-MS/MS). The results showed that high fat diet significantly altered the expression levels of phospholipids, LCACs, histidine, carnosine, and tetrahydrocorticosterone in skeletal muscle. Principal component analysis (PCA) and least squares discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) showed that, compared with the SND group, skeletal muscle metabolism in HFD group was significantly up-regulated. Among 43 skeletal muscle metabolites in the HFD group, phospholipids, LCACs, histidine, carnosine, and tetrahydrocorticosteroids were identified as biomarkers of skeletal muscle metabolic diseases, and may become potential physiological targets of related diseases in the future. Untargeted metabonomics analysis showed that high-fat diet altered the metabolism of phospholipids, carnitine, amino acids and steroids in skeletal muscle of rabbits. Notably, phospholipids, LCACs, histidine, carnopeptide, and tetrahydrocorticosteroids block the oxidative capacity of mitochondria and disrupt the oxidative capacity of glucose and the fatty acid-glucose cycle in rabbit skeletal muscle.

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