scholarly journals The Size and Distribution of Midbrain Dopaminergic Populations are Permanently Altered by Perinatal Glucocorticoid Exposure in a Sex- Region- and Time-Specific Manner

2006 ◽  
Vol 32 (7) ◽  
pp. 1462-1476 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simon McArthur ◽  
Emily McHale ◽  
Glenda E Gillies
Keyword(s):  
Specific Manner ◽  
Time Specific

scholarly journals Protein O ‐GlcNAcylation levels are regulated independently of dietary intake in a tissue and time‐specific manner during rat postnatal development

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Dupas ◽  
Manon Denis ◽  
Justine Dontaine ◽  
Antoine Persello ◽  
Laurent Bultot ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dietary Intake ◽  
Postnatal Development ◽  
Specific Manner ◽  
Time Specific

scholarly journals Choline Supplementation in Obese Mouse Dams Alters Offspring DNA Methylation in a Time-Specific Manner

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 763-763
Author(s):  
Xinyin Jiang ◽  
Hunter Korsmo ◽  
Moshe Dembitzer ◽  
Sarah Khaldi ◽  
Shameera Sheeraz
Keyword(s):  
Dna Methylation ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Maternal Obesity ◽  
Fetal Liver ◽  
Obese Mouse ◽  
Global Dna Methylation ◽  
Specific Manner ◽  
Time Specific ◽  
Visceral Adipose

Abstract Objectives Maternal obesity has long-term influence on metabolic health of offspring, partly through an epigenetic mechanism. Choline is a methyl donor which provides methyl groups for epigenetic modification such as DNA methylation. In this study, we examined the effect of maternal choline supplementation (MCS) on DNA methylation of offspring born to high-fat (HF) fed obese mouse dams. Methods C57BL/6J mice were fed either a 10% kcal normal fat (NF) or a 60% kcal HF diet with either 25 mM choline supplement or control drinking water from 4 weeks prior to mating until the end of gestation. The offspring were fed the HF diet for 6 weeks after weaning. We measured both global DNA methylation and site-specific methylation of several metabolic genes in the liver, visceral adipose tissue, and brain at both embryonic day E17.5 and after the post-weaning HF feeding. Results At E17.5, HF-MCS led to higher global DNA methylation in both fetal liver and brain. Methylation of one of the CpGs in the promoter region of Srebp1f (a gene that regulates lipogenesis) was also upregulated in the fetal liver by HF-MCS, accordingly there was lower expression of this gene (p < 0.05). However, HF-MCS had opposite effects on global DNA methylation after 6 weeks of post weaning HF feeding than during the fetal period. At this time point, HF-MCS led to hypomethylation of liver and visceral adipose tissue (p < 0.05). Global DNA methylation of the brain was decreased by post-weaning HF feeding but was not affected by maternal HF or MCS (p < 0.01). Conclusions In conclusion, MCS during maternal obesity in the perinatal period influences offspring DNA methylation in a time-specific manner. The epigenetic programming effect of MCS needs to be evaluated in both short and long term in the offspring. Funding Sources NIGMS.

scholarly journals O-GlcNAc levels are regulated in a tissue and time specific manner during post-natal development, independently of dietary intake

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (2-4) ◽  
pp. 221
Author(s):  
T. Dupas ◽  
M. Denis ◽  
J. Dontaine ◽  
A. Persello ◽  
L. Bultot ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dietary Intake ◽  
Specific Manner ◽  
Time Specific

scholarly journals Pregnancy-Associated Plasma Protein (PAPP)-A2 in Physiology and Disease

Cells ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 3576
Author(s):  
Vicente Barrios ◽  
Julie A. Chowen ◽  
Álvaro Martín-Rivada ◽  
Santiago Guerra-Cantera ◽  
Jesús Pozo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Protein ◽  
Human Growth ◽  
Gene Encoding ◽  
Growth Physiology ◽  
Precise Control ◽  
Specific Manner ◽  
Igf Receptor ◽  
Time Specific ◽  
Shed Light ◽  
New Mutations

The growth hormone (GH)/insulin-like growth factor (IGF) axis plays fundamental roles during development, maturation, and aging. Members of this axis, composed of various ligands, receptors, and binding proteins, are regulated in a tissue- and time-specific manner that requires precise control that is not completely understood. Some of the most recent advances in understanding the implications of this axis in human growth are derived from the identifications of new mutations in the gene encoding the pregnancy-associated plasma protein PAPP-A2 protease that liberates IGFs from their carrier proteins in a selective manner to allow binding to the IGF receptor 1. The identification of three nonrelated families with mutations in the PAPP-A2 gene has shed light on how this protease affects human physiology. This review summarizes our understanding of the implications of PAPP-A2 in growth physiology, obtained from studies in genetically modified animal models and the PAPP-A2 deficient patients known to date.

scholarly journals Recent Advances in miRNA Delivery Systems

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 10
Author(s):  
Ishani Dasgupta ◽  
Anushila Chatterjee
Keyword(s):  
State Of The Art ◽  
Clinical Success ◽  
Delivery Systems ◽  
Regulatory Rna ◽  
Safe Delivery ◽  
Rna Molecules ◽  
Functional Studies ◽  
Current State ◽  
Specific Manner ◽  
Time Specific

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) represent a family of short non-coding regulatory RNA molecules that are produced in a tissue and time-specific manner to orchestrate gene expression post-transcription. MiRNAs hybridize to target mRNA(s) to induce translation repression or mRNA degradation. Functional studies have demonstrated that miRNAs are engaged in virtually every physiological process and, consequently, miRNA dysregulations have been linked to multiple human pathologies. Thus, miRNA mimics and anti-miRNAs that restore miRNA expression or downregulate aberrantly expressed miRNAs, respectively, are highly sought-after therapeutic strategies for effective manipulation of miRNA levels. In this regard, carrier vehicles that facilitate proficient and safe delivery of miRNA-based therapeutics are fundamental to the clinical success of these pharmaceuticals. Here, we highlight the strengths and weaknesses of current state-of-the-art viral and non-viral miRNA delivery systems and provide perspective on how these tools can be exploited to improve the outcomes of miRNA-based therapeutics.

Current Strategies in the Management of Spinal Metastatic Disease

Swiss Surgery ◽  
2003 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 55-62 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bartanusz ◽  
Porchet
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Surgical Techniques ◽  
Cord Compression ◽  
Treatment Modalities ◽  
Surgical Approaches ◽  
Spinal Stabilization ◽  
Management Algorithm ◽  
Specific Manner ◽  
Extensive Surgery ◽  
Selection Of

The treatment of metastatic spinal cord compression is complex. The three treatment modalities that are currently applied (in a histologically non-specific manner) are surgery, radiotherapy and the administration of steroids. The development of new spinal instrumentations and surgical approaches considerably changed the extent of therapeutic options in this field. These new surgical techniques have made it possible to resect these tumours totally, with subsequent vertebral reconstruction and spinal stabilization. In this respect, it is important to clearly identify those patients who can benefit from such an extensive surgery. We present our management algorithm to help select patients for surgery and at the same time identifying those for whom primary non-surgical therapy would be indicated. The retrospective review of surgically treated patients in our department in the last four years reveals a meagre application of conventional guidelines for the selection of the appropriate operative approach in the surgical management of these patients. The reasons for this discrepancy are discussed.

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