scholarly journals Linoleic acid isomerase gene FgLAI12 affects sensitivity to salicylic acid, mycelial growth and virulence of Fusarium graminearum

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ya-Zhou Zhang ◽  
Zhen-Zhen Wei ◽  
Cai-Hong Liu ◽  
Qing Chen ◽  
Bin-Jie Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Salicylic Acid ◽  
Linoleic Acid ◽  
Fusarium Graminearum ◽  
Mycelial Growth ◽  
Linoleic Acid Isomerase

scholarly journals Fusarium graminearum ATP-Binding Cassette Transporter Gene FgABCC9 Is Required for Its Transportation of Salicylic Acid, Fungicide Resistance, Mycelial Growth and Pathogenicity towards Wheat

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (8) ◽  
pp. 2351 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peng-Fei Qi ◽  
Ya-Zhou Zhang ◽  
Cai-Hong Liu ◽  
Jing Zhu ◽  
Qing Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Salicylic Acid ◽  
Fusarium Graminearum ◽  
Mycelial Growth ◽  
Tertiary Structure ◽  
Severe Disease ◽  
Atp Binding ◽  
Head Blight ◽  
Transporter Family ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Atp Binding Cassette

ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters hydrolyze ATP to transport a wide range of substrates. Fusarium graminearum is a major causal agent of Fusarium head blight, which is a severe disease in wheat worldwide. FgABCC9 (FG05_07325) encodes an ABC-C (ABC transporter family C) transporter in F. graminearum, which was highly expressed during the infection in wheat and was up-regulated by the plant defense hormone salicylic acid (SA) and the fungicide tebuconazole. The predicted tertiary structure of the FgABCC9 protein was consistent with the schematic of the ABC exporter. Deletion of FgABCC9 resulted in decreased mycelial growth, increased sensitivity to SA and tebuconazole, reduced accumulation of deoxynivalenol (DON), and less pathogenicity towards wheat. Re-introduction of a functional FgABCC9 gene into ΔFgABCC9 recovered the phenotypes of the wild type strain. Transgenic expression of FgABCC9 in Arabidopsis thaliana increased the accumulation of SA in its leaves without activating SA signaling, which suggests that FgABCC9 functions as an SA exporter. Taken together, FgABCC9 encodes an ABC exporter, which is critical for fungal exportation of SA, response to tebuconazole, mycelial growth, and pathogenicity towards wheat.

scholarly journals Improving the Biocontrol Potential of Bacterial Antagonists with Salicylic Acid against Brown Rot Disease and Impact on Nectarine Fruits Quality

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 209
Author(s):  
Nadia Lyousfi ◽  
Rachid Lahlali ◽  
Chaimaa Letrib ◽  
Zineb Belabess ◽  
Rachida Ouaabou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Salicylic Acid ◽  
Disease Severity ◽  
Mycelial Growth ◽  
Brown Rot ◽  
Antagonistic Bacteria ◽  
Biological Treatments ◽  
Rot Disease ◽  
The Impact

The main objective of this study was to evaluate the ability of both antagonistic bacteria Bacillus amyloliquefaciens (SF14) and Alcaligenes faecalis (ACBC1) used in combination with salicylic acid (SA) to effectively control brown rot disease caused by Monilinia fructigena. Four concentrations of salicylic acid (0.5%, 2%, 3.5%, and 5%) were tested under in vitro and in vivo conditions. Furthermore, the impact of biological treatments on nectarine fruit parameters’ quality, in particular, weight loss, titratable acidity, and soluble solids content, was evaluated. Regardless of the bacterium, the results indicated that all combined treatments displayed a strong inhibitory effect on the mycelial growth of M. fructigena and disease severity. Interestingly, all SA concentrations significantly improved the biocontrol activity of each antagonist. The mycelial growth inhibition rate ranged from 9.79% to 88.02% with the highest reduction rate recorded for bacterial antagonists in combination with SA at both concentrations of 0.5% and 3.5%. The in vivo results confirmed the in vitro results with a disease severity varying from 0.00% to 51.91%. A significant biocontrol improvement was obtained with both antagonistic bacteria when used in combination with SA at concentrations of 0.5% and 2%. The lowest disease severity observed with ACBC1 compared with SF14 is likely due to a rapid adaptation and increase of antagonistic bacteria population in wounded sites. The impact of all biological treatments revealed moderate significant changes in the fruit quality parameters with weight loss for several treatments. These results suggest that the improved disease control of both antagonistic bacteria was more likely directly linked to both the inhibitory effects of SA on pathogen growth and induced fruit resistance.

scholarly journals Purification and properties of lipoxygenase from wheat seedlings infected by Fusarium graminearum and treated by salicylic acid

2016 ◽  
Vol 88 (6) ◽  
pp. 26-34 ◽  
Author(s):  
О. О. Моlodchenkova ◽  
◽  
V. G. Аdamovskaya ◽  
L. Y. Ciselskaya ◽  
L. Ya. Bezkrovnaya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Salicylic Acid ◽  
Fusarium Graminearum ◽  
Wheat Seedlings ◽  
Purification And Properties

scholarly journals Isochorismate-based salicylic acid biosynthesis confers basal resistance to Fusarium graminearum in barley

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (8) ◽  
pp. 1995-2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qunqun Hao ◽  
Wenqiang Wang ◽  
Xiuli Han ◽  
Jingzheng Wu ◽  
Bo Lyu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Salicylic Acid ◽  
Fusarium Graminearum ◽  
Acid Biosynthesis ◽  
Basal Resistance

scholarly journals Activity of Demethylation Inhibitor Fungicide Metconazole on Chinese Fusarium graminearum Species Complex and Its Application in Carbendazim-Resistance Management of Fusarium Head Blight in Wheat

Plant Disease ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 103 (5) ◽  
pp. 929-937 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yabing Duan ◽  
Xian Tao ◽  
Huahua Zhao ◽  
Xuemei Xiao ◽  
Meixia Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fusarium Head Blight ◽  
Fusarium Graminearum ◽  
Mycelial Growth ◽  
Species Complex ◽  
Resistance Management ◽  
Head Blight ◽  
Grain Yields ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Fusarium Graminearum Species Complex ◽  
Demethylation Inhibitor

Fusarium graminearum species complex (FGSC), causing Fusarium head blight (FHB) of wheat, has species-specific geographical distributions in wheat-growing regions. In recent years, benzimidazole resistance of FHB pathogens has been largely widespread in China. Although the demethylation inhibitor fungicide metconazole has been used for FHB control in some countries, no information about metconazole sensitivity of Chinese FHB pathogen populations and efficacy of metconazole in FHB control in China is available. In this study, the sensitivity of FGSC to metconazole was measured with 32 carbendazim-sensitive strains and 35 carbendazim-resistant strains based on mycelial growth. The 50% effective concentration values of 67 strains were normally distributed and ranged from 0.0209 to 0.0838 μg ml−1, with a mean of 0.0481 ± 0.0134 μg ml−1. No significant difference in metconazole sensitivity was observed between carbendazim-sensitive and -resistant populations. An interactive effect of metconazole and phenamacril, a novel cyanoacrilate fungicide approved in China against Fusarium spp., in inhibiting mycelial growth showed an additive interaction at different ratios. Furthermore, field trials to evaluate the effect of metconazole and metconazole + phenamacril treatments in FHB control, deoxynivalenol (DON) production, and grain yields were performed. Compared with the fungicides carbendazim and phenamacril currently used in China, metconazole exhibits a better efficacy for FHB control, DON production, and grain yields, and dramatically reduces use dosages of chemical compounds in the field. The mixture of metconazole and phenamacril at ratios of 2:3 and 1:2 showed the greatest efficacy for FHB control, DON production, and grain yields among all the fungicide treatments but its use dosages were higher in comparison with metconazole alone. In addition, FHB control, grain yields, and DON levels were significantly correlated with each other, showing that visual disease indices can be used as an indicator of grain yields and DON contamination. Meanwhile, the frequency of carbendazim-resistant alleles in F. graminearum populations was dramatically reduced after metconazole and phenamacril alone and the mixture of metconazole and phenamacril applications, indicating that metconazole and a mixture of metconazole and phenamacril can be used for carbendazim resistance management of FHB in wheat. Overall, the findings of this study provide important data for resistance management of FHB and reducing DON contamination in wheat grains.

Effects of Lysobacter antibioticus HS124, an effective biocontrol agent against Fusarium graminearum, on crown rot disease and growth promotion of wheat

2019 ◽  
Vol 65 (12) ◽  
pp. 904-912 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yun-Tae Kim ◽  
Sararat Monkhung ◽  
Yong Seong Lee ◽  
Kil Yong Kim
Keyword(s):  
Fusarium Graminearum ◽  
Mycelial Growth ◽  
Growth Promotion ◽  
Disease Incidence ◽  
Culture Method ◽  
Microscopic Investigation ◽  
Crown Rot ◽  
Dual Culture ◽  
Rot Disease

Lysobacter antibioticus HS124 inhibited mycelial growth of Fusarium graminearum (74.66%) under the dual culture method. Microscopic investigation clearly showed that amendment with different concentrations (10%, 30%, and 50%) of HS124 bacterial culture filtrate on potato dextrose agar plates caused abnormal hyphal structures, including swelling and distortion. Its inhibition toward mycelial growth of F. graminearum was increased with increasing concentration of n-butanol crude extract of HS124. The highest inhibition (43.14%) was detected at a crude concentration of 10 mg/disc, whereas the lowest inhibition (21.57%) was observed at 2 mg/disc. Although mycelial growth of F. graminearum was promoted by volatile organic compounds (VOCs) produced by HS124 as compared with the control, these VOCs clearly decreased fungal pigmentation resulting in a reduction of fungal sporulation. Microscopic investigation revealed hyphal deformation of F. graminearum due to VOCs. These compounds also had a negative effect on spore germination of F. graminearum. In vivo evaluations demonstrated that HS124 inoculation of wheat plants reduced crown rot disease incidence by 73.70% as compared with the control. HS124 inoculation of wheat plants also promoted most of the growth characteristics compared with the control or fungicide-treated plants. Our results provide strong evidence that HS124 could control F. graminearum infections and promote growth of wheat plants as part of management strategies for crown rot disease.

Conjugated Linoleic Acid Production by Fermentation

2006 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ming Dong ◽  
Shuting Qi
Keyword(s):  
Linoleic Acid ◽  
Incubation Time ◽  
Lactobacillus Acidophilus ◽  
Seed Oil ◽  
Incubation Temperature ◽  
Conversion Ratio ◽  
Isomerase Activity ◽  
Whole Milk ◽  
Alfalfa Seed ◽  
Linoleic Acid Isomerase

Lactobacillus acidophilus 1.1854 was used for CLA production in whole milk and alfalfa seed oil was used as substrate. Alfalfa seed oil contained linoleic acid about 40%. Results showed that alfalfa seed oil addition to the culture improved CLA production, indicating the presence of linoleic acid isomerase activity in the culture. The concentration of lactic acid bacteria, the incubation time, the substrate concentration, the pH, incubation temperature, the pre-incubation time and the substrate amount of pre-incubation were studied in our research and they are optimized at 2.5%(v/v), 21h, 0.05%(v/v), pH 6.4, 37°C, 11h and 10µL which brought the optimal conversion ratio at about 50%.

scholarly journals Fitness traits of deoxynivalenol and nivalenol-producing Fusarium graminearum species complex strains from wheat

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
C.P. Nicolli ◽  
F.J. Machado ◽  
P. Spolti ◽  
E.M. Del Ponte
Keyword(s):  
Fusarium Graminearum ◽  
Mycelial Growth ◽  
Species Complex ◽  
Head Blight ◽  
Fitness Traits ◽  
Fusarium Graminearum Species Complex ◽  
Important Trait ◽  
South Of Brazil ◽  
Species Specific ◽  
Moderately Resistant

AbstractFusarium graminearum of the 15-acetyl(A)deoxynivalenol(D0N) chemotype is the main cause of Fusarium head blight (FHB) of wheat in south of Brazil. However, 3-ADON and nivalenol(NIV) chemotypes have been found in other members of the species complex causing FHB in wheat. To improve our understanding of the pathogen ecology, we assessed a range of fitness-related traits in a sample of 30 strains representatives of 15-ADON (F. graminearum), 3-ADON (F. cortaderiae and F. austroamericanum) and NIV (F. meridionale and F. cortaderiae). These included: perithecia formation on three cereal-based substrates, mycelial growth at two suboptimal temperatures, sporulation and germination, pathogenicity towards a susceptible and a moderately resistant cultivar and sensitivity to tebuconazole. The most important trait favoring F. graminearum was its 2x higher sexual fertility (> 40% PPI = perithecia production index) than the other species (< 30% PPI); PPI varied among substrates (maize > rice > wheat). In addition, sensitivity to tebuconazole appeared lower in F. graminearum which had the only strain with EC50 > 1 ppm. In the pathogenicity assays, the DON-producers were generally more aggressive (1.5 to 2x higher final severity) towards the two cultivars, with 3-ADON or 15-ADON leading to higher area under the severity curve than the NIV strains in the susceptible and moderately resistant cv., respectively. There was significant variation among strains of a same species with regards asexual fertility (mycelial growth, macroconidia production and germination), which suggest a strain-rather than a species-specific differences. These results contribute new knowledge to improve our understanding of the pathogen-related traits that may explain the dominance of certain members of the species complex in specific wheat agroecosystems.

scholarly journals Salicylic acid in the induction of resistance to beet seedling damping-off and antifungal activity against Fusarium sp., in vitro

2016 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
pp. 67 ◽  
Author(s):  
Douglas Junior Bertoncelli ◽  
Sérgio Miguel Mazaro ◽  
Rita De Cacia Dosciatti Serrão Rocha ◽  
Nean Locatelli Dalacosta ◽  
Adriano Lewandowski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Salicylic Acid ◽  
Antifungal Activity ◽  
Mycelial Growth ◽  
Experimental Unit ◽  
Damping Off ◽  
Potato Dextrose Agar Medium ◽  
Seedling Length ◽  
Fusarium Sp ◽  
And Control

The damping off is the main disease that affects the beet crop during the seedling production. The aim of this study was to evaluate different salicylic acid (SA) concentrations for resistance induction against damping-off in beet seedling and its antifungal activity against Fusarium sp., in vitro condition. Treatment of beet seed was with SA solution by immersion during 5 minutes in the 0.5, 1.0, 1.5 and 2.0 mM concentrations and control (distilled water). It was used four replications with 20 cells by experimental unit. The experiment was carried out for 14 days in cultivate chamber with temperature (23 oC ± 2°C), lighting (12 hours photoperiod) and humidity (70% ± 10%) controlled. After this time, the germination, damping off incidence, seedling length and fresh mass matter weight were evaluated. It was evaluated also in the seedling tissue the phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL), ?-1.3 glucanase and chitinase level enzymes. In the in vitro the SA was putted in PDA (potato-dextrose-agar) medium, where the Fusarium sp. mycelial growth was evaluated. The SA applied for seeds treatment didn’t had effect significant on damping off of beet seedlings, but it induced the activity of ?-1.3 glucanase enzyme, it being this higher in nine times when compared the treatment control. The SA acted in the Fusarium sp. in vitro control with fungitoxic action, suppressed mycelial growth in 28% if compared to control.

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