Multiple drug-loaded electrospun PLGA/gelatin composite nanofibers encapsulated with mesoporous ZnO nanospheres for potential postsurgical cancer treatment

RSC Advances ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 4 (53) ◽  
pp. 28011-28019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Junchao Wei ◽  
Jun Hu ◽  
Ming Li ◽  
Yong Chen ◽  
Yiwang Chen
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Treatment ◽  
Composite Nanofibers ◽  
Multiple Drug ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Mesoporous Zno

The novel PLGA/GE fibers encapsulated with DOX@mZnO were successfully fabricated, which enabled the delivery of two drugs with distinct rates.

Characterization of novel ybjG and dacC variants in Escherichia coli

2013 ◽  
Vol 62 (11) ◽  
pp. 1728-1734 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dongguo Wang ◽  
Enping Hu ◽  
Jiayu Chen ◽  
Xiulin Tao ◽  
Katelyn Gutierrez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Multiple Drug Resistance ◽  
Multiple Drug ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Conventional Pcr ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Novel Variants ◽  
Restriction Sites ◽  
Genetic Structures

A total of 69 strains of Escherichia coli from patients in the Taizhou Municipal Hospital, China, were isolated, and 11 strains were identified that were resistant to bacitracin, chloramphenicol, tetracycline and erythromycin. These strains were PCR positive for at least two out of three genes, ybjG, dacC and mdfA, by gene mapping with conventional PCR detection. Conjugation experiments demonstrated that these genes existed in plasmids that conferred resistance. Novel ybjG and dacC variants were isolated from E. coli strains EC2163 and EC2347, which were obtained from the sputum of intensive care unit patients. Genetic mapping showed that the genes were located on 8200 kb plasmid regions flanked by EcoRI restriction sites. Three distinct genetic structures were identified among the 11 PCR-positive strains of E. coli, and two contained the novel ybjG and dacC variants. The putative amino acid differences in the ybjG and dacC gene variants were characterized. These results provide evidence for novel variants of ybjG and dacC, and suggest that multiple drug resistance in hospital strains of E. coli depends on the synergistic function of ybjG, dacC and mdfA within three distinct genetic structures in conjugative plasmids.

scholarly journals Inhibition of Antibiotic Efflux in Bacteria by the Novel Multidrug Resistance Inhibitors Biricodar (VX-710) and Timcodar (VX-853)

2004 ◽  
Vol 48 (11) ◽  
pp. 4171-4176 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steve Mullin ◽  
Nagraj Mani ◽  
Trudy H. Grossman
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Drug Resistance ◽  
Multiple Drug Resistance ◽  
Antibiotic Activity ◽  
Multiple Drug ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Multidrug Efflux ◽  
New Class ◽  
Clinically Significant ◽  
Antibiotic Efflux

ABSTRACT Inhibitors of mammalian multidrug efflux, such as the plant alkaloid reserpine, are also active in potentiating antibiotic activity by inhibiting bacterial efflux. Based on this precedent, two novel mammalian multiple drug resistance inhibitors, biricodar (VX-710) and timcodar (VX-853), were evaluated for activity in a variety of bacteria. Both VX-710 and VX-853 potentiated the activity of ethidium bromide (EtBr), a model efflux substrate, against three clinically significant gram-positive pathogens: Staphylococcus aureus, Enterococcus faecalis, and Streptococcus pneumoniae. Similar to reserpine, VX-710 and VX-853 directly blocked EtBr efflux in S. aureus. Furthermore, these compounds were effective in lowering the MICs of several clinically used antibiotics, including fluoroquinolones, suggesting that VX-710 and VX-853 are representatives of a new class of bacterial efflux inhibitors with the potential for use in combination therapy.

Graphene/carbon composite nanofibers for NO oxidation at room temperature

2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 827-829 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zeyu Guo ◽  
Zheng-Hong Huang ◽  
Mingxi Wang ◽  
Feiyu Kang
Keyword(s):  
Graphene Oxide ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Composite Nanofibers ◽  
Carbon Composite ◽  
No Oxidation ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Novel Structure ◽  
Reduced Graphene ◽  
Oxidation Of No ◽  
Graphene Oxide Sheets

The novel structure of composite CNFs was preparedviaembedding reduced graphene oxide sheets for oxidation of NO at room temperature.

scholarly journals A case of fatal multidrug intoxication involving flualprazolam: distribution in body fluids and solid tissues

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arianna Giorgetti ◽  
Michaela J. Sommer ◽  
Maurice Wilde ◽  
Markus Große Perdekamp ◽  
Volker Auwärter
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Respiratory Depression ◽  
Drugs Of Abuse ◽  
Stomach Contents ◽  
Elevated Risk ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Multiple Drug ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Solid Tissues

Abstract Purpose Designer benzodiazepines (DBZDs) increasingly emerged on the novel psychoactive substance (NPS) market in the last few years. They are usually sold as readily available alternatives to prescription benzodiazepines (BZDs) or added to counterfeit medicines. BZDs are generally considered relatively safe drugs due to the low risk of serious acute adverse effects in mono-intoxication, though e.g., alprazolam seems to display an elevated risk of respiratory depression. Here we report on a fatal intoxication involving the novel DBZD flualprazolam. Methods A complete postmortem examination was performed. General unknown screenings and analysis of drugs of abuse were performed on postmortem samples by immunoassay, gas chromatography–mass spectrometry and liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry. The standard addition method was employed to quantify flualprazolam in postmortem blood and tissues. Finally, a toxicological significance score (TSS) was assigned. Results Flualprazolam was detected in heart serum (25.4 ng/mL) and peripheral blood (21.9 ng/mL) as well as in urine, stomach contents, brain, liver and kidney (65.2–323 ng/g). The cause of death was deemed as central nervous system (CNS) and respiratory depression with agonal aspiration of stomach contents, in the setting of a multiple drug intake. Given the concentration levels of the co-consumed CNS depressants, the contribution of flualprazolam to the death was considered likely (TSS of 3). Conclusions Our results support that highly potent DBZDs like flualprazolam carry an elevated risk for unintended toxicity, especially in association with other CNS depressants. A multidisciplinary evaluation of fatalities remains mandatory, especially when pharmacological/toxicological data on intoxicating compounds are lacking. To our knowledge this is the first report of flualprazolam concentrations in solid tissues in human.

Apoptotic Pathway

2021 ◽  
pp. 290-311
Author(s):  
Durdana Yasin ◽  
Md Zafaryab ◽  
Khalid Umar Fakhri ◽  
Shaheen Husain ◽  
Bushra Afzal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Natural Products ◽  
Cancer Treatment ◽  
Tissue Homeostasis ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Down Regulation ◽  
Apoptotic Pathway ◽  
Biochemical Characteristics ◽  
Novel Drugs ◽  
Natural Mechanism ◽  
Apoptotic Factors

Cancer is a major killer disease caused by uncontrolled growth and invasion of cells. Apoptosis is the cell's natural mechanism of death, which maintains tissue homeostasis. Any mutation that disturbs the apoptotic pathway leads to deregulated proliferation, resistance, and evasion of apoptosis. This evasion is one of the hallmarks of malignant developments. Apoptosis takes place via two distinct pathways i.e. the intrinsic and the extrinsic pathways. These pathways use cleaved caspases to execute apoptosis which in turn cleave many downstream proteins to kill the cells. They can also be inhibited through various means that include up-regulation of anti-apoptotic and down-regulation of pro-apoptotic factors. The authors here aim to impart a comprehensive understanding of the biochemical characteristics of these pathways that render scientists target these pathways and assess apoptosis restoring abilities of the novel drugs and natural products for cancer treatment.

Enzyme and pH-responsive nanovehicles for intracellular drug release and photodynamic therapy

2017 ◽  
Vol 41 (6) ◽  
pp. 2468-2478 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ting Zhang ◽  
Shiying Huang ◽  
Huiming Lin ◽  
Na An ◽  
Ruihan Tong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Photodynamic Therapy ◽  
Drug Release ◽  
Cancer Treatment ◽  
Potential Application ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Ph Responsive

An enzyme and pH-responsive nanocomposite was constructed for sensitive intracellular drug release and photodynamic therapy (PDT). The novel nanoplatforms provide the potential application in cancer treatment.

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