Electrochemistry-based approaches to low cost, high sensitivity, automated, multiplexed protein immunoassays for cancer diagnostics

AbstractLateral flow assays (LFAs) are the best-performing and best-known point-of-care tests worldwide. Over the last decade, they have experienced an increasing interest by researchers towards improving their analytical performance while maintaining their robust assay platform. Commercially, visual and optical detection strategies dominate, but it is especially the research on integrating electrochemical (EC) approaches that may have a chance to significantly improve an LFA’s performance that is needed in order to detect analytes reliably at lower concentrations than currently possible. In fact, EC-LFAs offer advantages in terms of quantitative determination, low-cost, high sensitivity, and even simple, label-free strategies. Here, the various configurations of EC-LFAs published are summarized and critically evaluated. In short, most of them rely on applying conventional transducers, e.g., screen-printed electrode, to ensure reliability of the assay, and additional advances are afforded by the beneficial features of nanomaterials. It is predicted that these will be further implemented in EC-LFAs as high-performance transducers. Considering the low cost of point-of-care devices, it becomes even more important to also identify strategies that efficiently integrate nanomaterials into EC-LFAs in a high-throughput manner while maintaining their favorable analytical performance.

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60–700 K CTAT and PTAT Temperature Sensors with 4H-SiC Schottky Diodes

Sensors ◽

10.3390/s21030942 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 21 (3) ◽

pp. 942

Author(s):

Razvan Pascu ◽

Gheorghe Pristavu ◽

Gheorghe Brezeanu ◽

Florin Draghici ◽

Philippe Godignon ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Low Cost ◽

Schottky Diodes ◽

Schottky Contact ◽

High Sensitivity ◽

Xrd Analysis ◽

Absolute Temperature ◽

Lower Sensitivity ◽

Readout Circuit ◽

Sensing Element ◽

High Performing

A SiC Schottky dual-diode temperature-sensing element, suitable for both complementary variation of VF with absolute temperature (CTAT) and differential proportional to absolute temperature (PTAT) sensors, is demonstrated over 60–700 K, currently the widest range reported. The structure’s layout places the two identical diodes in close, symmetrical proximity. A stable and high-barrier Schottky contact based on Ni, annealed at 750 °C, is used. XRD analysis evinced the even distribution of Ni2Si over the entire Schottky contact area. Forward measurements in the 60–700 K range indicate nearly identical characteristics for the dual-diodes, with only minor inhomogeneity. Our parallel diode (p-diode) model is used to parameterize experimental curves and evaluate sensing performances over this far-reaching domain. High sensitivity, upwards of 2.32 mV/K, is obtained, with satisfactory linearity (R2 reaching 99.80%) for the CTAT sensor, even down to 60 K. The PTAT differential version boasts increased linearity, up to 99.95%. The lower sensitivity is, in this case, compensated by using a high-performing, low-cost readout circuit, leading to a peak 14.91 mV/K, without influencing linearity.

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Early detection of heart diseases using a low-cost compact ECG sensor

Multimedia Tools and Applications ◽

10.1007/s11042-021-11083-9 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Shivam Dixit ◽

Rahul Kala

Keyword(s):

Early Detection ◽

Heart Diseases ◽

Low Cost

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Low-Cost $K$ -Band Patch Array Antenna for High-Sensitivity EM Sensor

IEEE Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters ◽

10.1109/lawp.2010.2086423 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 9 ◽

pp. 982-985 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Young-Bae Jung ◽

Jung Han Choi ◽

Chang Won Jung

Keyword(s):

Low Cost ◽

High Sensitivity ◽

Array Antenna

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Highly sensitive detection of Cr(vi) in groundwater by bimetallic NiFe nanoparticles

Analytical Methods ◽

10.1039/c6ay03089k ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 9 (6) ◽

pp. 1031-1037 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Jingtao Liu ◽

Yu Ding ◽

Lifei Ji ◽

Xin Zhang ◽

Fengchun Yang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Heavy Metal ◽

Hexavalent Chromium ◽

Low Cost ◽

High Sensitivity ◽

Sensitive Detection ◽

Toxic Heavy Metal ◽

Metal Pollutants ◽

Highly Sensitive ◽

Highly Sensitive Detection ◽

Heavy Metal Pollutants

Hexavalent chromium (Cr(vi)) is one of the most toxic heavy metal pollutants in groundwater, and thus the detection of Cr(vi) with high sensitivity, accuracy, and simplicity and low cost is of great importance.

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