Comparison of beginner and advanced chemistry student teachers’ perspective on creativity – does it play a role in the chemistry classroom?

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 608-621
Author(s):  
Liz Keiner ◽  
Nicole Graulich ◽  
Richard Göttlich ◽  
Verena Pietzner
Keyword(s):  
Student Teachers ◽  
Prospective Teachers ◽  
Chemistry Education ◽  
Concept Maps ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Chemistry Student ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Diverse Range ◽  
Advanced Student ◽  
Changing Times

Creativity has become an increasingly important competence in today's rapidly changing times. It is a central aspect of social development, but it is hardly discussed in schools and often neglected in the natural sciences. In order to promote creativity in science teaching in a targeted way, it is important to understand the perspectives and views of prospective teachers on this topic. For this purpose, a qualitative cross-sectional study was conducted with 83 German chemistry student teachers at the beginning and at the end of their study programme. We used concept maps and questionnaires to characterize changes in students’ perspective on creativity in the chemistry classroom during their course of study. The quantitative analysis of the concept maps and the content analysis of student's proposition revealed similarities and differences in students’ perspective on creativity between beginners and advanced student. All student teachers showed a diverse range of conceptions and views on creativity in general and in the context of chemistry education. Furthermore, almost all of the students had a positive attitude towards creativity and its integration in chemistry lessons. Although, there are no large differences in the perspective on creativity from beginner to advanced student teachers, subtle differences in students’ perspectives revealed that advanced students had a more sophisticated perspective on fostering creativity in students in their prospective classrooms.

Creativity in chemistry class and in general – German student teachers’ views

2017 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 310-328 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luzie Semmler ◽  
Verena Pietzner
Keyword(s):  
Student Teachers ◽  
Chemistry Education ◽  
Concept Maps ◽  
Scientific Career ◽  
Analysis And Evaluation ◽  
German Student ◽  
Changing Times ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
New Research ◽  
Almost All

Creativity has become an increasingly important competence in today's rapidly changing times, especially for school graduates who strive for pursuing a technical or scientific career. But creativity has not been integrated in the lessons or curricula of STEM subjects. To successfully integrate it in the classroom, it is important to investigate teachers’ and student teachers’ views on creativity. A study with seventeen German student teachers, studying chemistry on a Master's degree, is already carried out using a new research instrument that includes the creation of concept maps and filling out a questionnaire. The implementation of this study, the analysis and evaluation of the data and a comparison with literature data are described in this article. One result of this study is that the methods are an adequate approach to investigate views and knowledge about creativity. Regarding this, all of the students already had conceptions, views and an understanding about creativity in general and in the context of chemistry education, although they did not get input on the topic. Furthermore, almost all of the students had a positive attitude towards creativity and its integration in chemistry lessons. However, also uncertainties like the definition of creativity could be identified.

Expert opinions on the first-line pharmacological treatment for delirium in Japan: a conjoint analysis

2016 ◽  
Vol 28 (6) ◽  
pp. 1041-1050 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yasuyuki Okumura ◽  
Kotaro Hatta ◽  
Ken Wada ◽  
Takashi Takeuchi ◽  
Yasuhiro Kishi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Conjoint Analysis ◽  
Clinical Features ◽  
Pharmacological Treatment ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Definitive Treatment ◽  
First Line ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Diverse Range ◽  
Expert Opinions ◽  
Injection Drugs

ABSTRACTBackground:There is little expert consensus as to which drugs should comprise the first-line pharmacological treatment for delirium. We sought to assess experts’ opinions on the first-line oral and injection drugs for delirium associated with a diverse range of clinical features using a rating-based conjoint analysis.Methods:We conducted a cross-sectional study. We mailed a questionnaire to all consultation-liaison psychiatrists/educators certified by the Japanese Society of General Hospital Psychiatry.Results:Of 136 experts (response rate: 27.5%), more than 68% recommended the use of risperidone or quetiapine administered orally for hyperactive delirium, except in patients with comorbid diabetes and renal dysfunction. More than 67% recommended the use of haloperidol administered intravenously for hyperactive delirium if an intravenous line has been placed. No oral or injection drugs were recommended by over half of experts for treatment of hypoactive delirium with any clinical features.Conclusions:In the absence of a definitive treatment trial, there are both areas of agreement and a lack of consensus regarding the first-line drug. Efforts are needed to routinely collect information that would allow a comparison of the effectiveness and safety of various drugs in real-world clinical practice.

scholarly journals PROSPECTIVE TEACHERS’ MISCONCEPTIONS ABOUT CLASSIFICATION OF PLANTS AND CHANGES IN THEIR MISCONCEPTIONS DURING PRE-SERVICE EDUCATION

2014 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 105-117
Author(s):  
Selami Yangin ◽  
Sabri Sidekli ◽  
Yasin Gokbulut
Keyword(s):  
Prospective Teachers ◽  
Vascular Plants ◽  
Classroom Teacher ◽  
Target Population ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
University Education ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Fourth Class ◽  
The Difference

This study reported herein aimed to reveal prospective teachers’ misconceptions about classification of plants and the effect of pre-service education program on their correct conceptions of this biological issue. Prospective teachers majoring in Elementary School Classroom Teacher Education constituted the target population of this study during the fall semester of the 2012-2013 academic years from Turkey. In order to reveal the difference between the misconceptions of prospective teachers who are at the beginning and at the end of their university education, the research was conducted as a cross-sectional study (78 first and 84 fourth class). The results showed that the prospective teachers in both groups have misconceptions and considerable confusion over the concepts of without-seed plants, seedy plants, vascular plants, non-vascular plants, gymnosperm plants, angiosperm plants, fruit and vegetable. In addition, the pre-service education did not seem to have an important effect on correction of prospective teachers’ misconceptions about classification of plants. In this context, prospective teachers are graduated with misconceptions about classification of plants. Key words: biology, classification of plants, misconceptions, prospective teachers.

scholarly journals Prevalence and the Determinants of Traditional, Complementary, and Integrative Medicine Use Among Breastfeeding Mothers in Shiraz, Iran: a Cross-section Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hossein Molavi Vardanjani ◽  
Zahra Salehi ◽  
Faranak Alembizar ◽  
Holger Cramer ◽  
Mehdi Pasalar
Keyword(s):  
Integrative Medicine ◽  
Past History ◽  
Herbal Medicines ◽  
Structured Interview ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Diverse Range ◽  
Complementary And Integrative Medicine ◽  
History Of ◽  
Breastfeeding Problems

Abstract Background: Breastfeeding is highly important for a child's health, and the widespread use of herbal medicines as galactagogues has been reported. The present study was conducted to evaluate the use of traditional, complementary, and integrative medicine (TCIM) and its determinants among breastfeeding mothers in Shiraz, Iran.Methods: In this cross-sectional study, mothers over 18 years who referred to neonatal clinics affiliated to Shiraz University of Medical Sciences were enrolled. Using a structured interview, we explored the prevalence and of the use of TCIM products and its associated factors. Results: Out of 625 mothers who were approached, 483 agreed to participate (response rate: 77.3%). The average age was 27.3 ± 5.9 years. The prevalence of using TCIM products during current breastfeeding was 97.1%. There were 168 working mothers (44.9%); 163 mothers (34.1%) complaining of postpartum breastfeeding problems, and 327 mothers (68%) had no past history of breastfeeding. Recommendations of medical staff or relatives were the most frequent reasons for the consumption of TCIM products (64.9%). Only 27% of mothers disclosed the use of TCIM products to their doctor or healthcare provider, although 62% of mothers were asked about the use of such products. Notably, 438 mothers (95.8%) considered TCIM to increase their milk. Based on multivariable logistic regression, literacy and past use of TCIM galactagogues were independently associated with TCIM products use.Conclusions: The use of TCIM galactagogues is highly common among breastfeeding mothers in south of Iran, showing a diverse range of determinants. It is necessary to evaluate the safety and efficacy of common herbal galactagogues, and evidence-based studies must be designed to achieve standardized complementary medicine approaches in this regard.

scholarly journals Phonological variation in German Learner English

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Lukas Sönning
Keyword(s):  
Native Speakers ◽  
Theoretical Work ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Phonological Variation ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Diverse Range ◽  
Proficiency Levels ◽  
L2 Phonology ◽  
Shed Light

This study is concerned with linguistic constraints underlying the acquisition of a second language (L2) phonology. It pursues two aims: The first is to offer a survey of theoretical work on L2 phonology with a focus on the scope and predictive adequacy of individual frameworks. A set of 20 contributions is evaluated in terms of their domain of application and the specificity of their predictions. The second aim is to make empirical contributions to the study of phonological variation in German Learner English by exploring theoretically motivated constraints across a diverse range of phonological structures and proficiency levels. Theory-derived hypotheses are confronted with data from a cross-sectional study on various segmental features in the pronunciation of 62 German learners of English (including 27 native speakers as a baseline of comparison). The study relies on acoustic and auditory analyses to shed light on several notorious structures, including final obstruent (de)voicing, dental fricatives, the labiodental fricative /v/, the labio-velar glide /w/, English /r/, ‘clear’ and ‘dark’ laterals, and the TRAP-DRESS contrast.

scholarly journals Filipino prospective teachers’ experiences in teaching in K12 science curriculum: A cross-sectional research

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Ace Mark R. Antipolo ◽  
Danilo V. Jr Rogayan
Keyword(s):  
Teacher Education ◽  
Science Teachers ◽  
Prospective Teachers ◽  
Personal Growth ◽  
Science Curriculum ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
Education Curriculum ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Teacher Education Curriculum

The K12 science curriculum in the Philippines uses spiral progression which is a concept of learning approach where students revisit the same topics throughout their school career that increases complexity and reinforcement of previous learning. This cross-sectional study determined the experiences of Filipino prospective science teachers (PSTs) specializing in biology and physical science in teaching in the K12 science curriculum with emphasis of their challenges. The respondents of this study were 30 PSTs in five teacher education institutions (TEIs) in Central Luzon, Philippines. Results revealed that the PSTs rarely experience teaching challenges in the K12 science curriculum in terms of content knowledge and pedagogy, learning environment, diversity of learners, curriculum and planning, assessment and reporting, community linkages and professional engagement, and in personal growth and professional development. No significant differences were noted in the challenges of PSTs when grouped according to profile variables. A positive significant moderate to high correlations were noted between and among the challenges variables. The study suggests that the administration continuously spearhead in-house seminars and equip prospective teachers with innovative teaching strategies. TEIs may also consider curriculum review to align the course syllabi in the teacher education curriculum to the Department of Education curriculum. Schools may further evaluate the policies, standards, and guidelines of the teacher education curriculum to make the science education degree programs relevant.

scholarly journals Assessing the impact of COVID-19 on healthcare staff at a combined elderly care and specialist palliative care facility: A cross-sectional study

2021 ◽  
pp. 026921632110280
Author(s):  
Sarah Nestor ◽  
Colm O’ Tuathaigh ◽  
Tony O’ Brien
Keyword(s):  
Palliative Care ◽  
Healthcare Workers ◽  
Care Service ◽  
Elderly Care ◽  
Care Facility ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Specialist Palliative Care ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Diverse Range ◽  
The Impact

Background: In the pre-COVID-19 era, healthcare professionals experienced stress and burnout. The international literature confirms that COVID-19 placed significant additional burdens on healthcare workers. Aim: To describe and characterise the magnitude and variety of ways in which the COVID-19 pandemic affected the personal, social and professional lives of healthcare workers representing several multidisciplinary specialties in a fully-integrated palliative and elderly care service. Design: All staff were invited to complete an anonymised standardised questionnaire evaluating the impact of COVID-19 across a diverse range of domains. The study was conducted over a 6-week period commencing 11 September 2020. Setting: The setting incorporates two distinct but integrated services operating under a single management structure in Ireland: (i) Specialist palliative care across hospice (44 beds), community and hospitals and (ii) Elderly Care Service (long-term and respite care) delivered in a 63-bed inpatient unit. Results: 250 respondents (69.8%) completed the questionnaire. Nurses and healthcare assistants comprised the majority of respondents (60%) and other disciplines were represented proportionately. 230 participants (92%) agreed that their personal workload had changed significantly in response to COVID-19 and 182 (72.8%) agreed that their responsibilities had increased. 196 (78.4%) reported greater work-related stress. Highest-rated sources of stress included fear of contracting COVID-19 or transmitting it to friends/family, interacting with isolated frail/dying patients, changes to workplace protocols and reduced social interaction with colleagues. Conclusions: This study demonstrates the profound impact of COVID-19 on personal and professional wellbeing of staff. The greatest burden was carried by those providing prolonged, direct and intimate patient care.

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