Rational nanostructure design of graphitic carbon nitride for photocatalytic applications

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (19) ◽  
pp. 11584-11612 ◽  
Author(s):  
Na Tian ◽  
Hongwei Huang ◽  
Xin Du ◽  
Fan Dong ◽  
Yihe Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Nitride ◽  
Review Article ◽  
Graphitic Carbon ◽  
Graphitic Carbon Nitride ◽  
Comprehensive Overview ◽  
Photocatalytic Applications

This review article provides a comprehensive overview of the nanostructure design of g-C3N4 with various dimensional structures and promising applications.

scholarly journals Prediction of Band Gap Energy of Doped Graphitic Carbon Nitride Using Genetic Algorithm-Based Support Vector Regression and Extreme Learning Machine

Symmetry ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 411
Author(s):  
Taoreed O. Owolabi ◽  
Mohd Amiruddin Abd Rahman
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Algorithm ◽  
Visible Light ◽  
Band Gap ◽  
Carbon Nitride ◽  
Activation Function ◽  
Graphitic Carbon ◽  
Graphitic Carbon Nitride ◽  
Support Vector ◽  
Learning Machine ◽  
Photocatalytic Applications

Graphitic carbon nitride is a stable and distinct two dimensional carbon-based polymeric semiconductor with remarkable potentials in organic pollutants degradation, chemical sensors, the reduction of CO2, water splitting and other photocatalytic applications. Efficient utilization of this material is hampered by the nature of its band gap and the rapid recombination of electron-hole pairs. Heteroatom incorporation due to doping alters the symmetry of the semiconductor and has been among the adopted strategies to tailor the band gap for enhancing the visible-light harvesting capacity of the material. Electron modulation and enhancement of reaction active sites due to doping as evident from the change in specific surface area of doped graphitic carbon nitride is employed in this work for modeling the associated band gap using hybrid genetic algorithm-based support vector regression (GSVR) and extreme learning machine (ELM). The developed GSVR performs better than ELM-SINE (with sine activation function), ELM-TRANBAS (with triangular basis activation function) and ELM-SIG (with sigmoid activation function) model with performance enhancement of 69.92%, 73.59% and 73.67%, respectively, on the basis of root mean square error as a measure of performance. The four developed models are also compared using correlation coefficient and mean absolute error while the developed GSVR demonstrates a high degree of precision and robustness. The excellent generalization and predictive strength of the developed models would ultimately facilitate quick determination of the band gap of doped graphitic carbon nitride and enhance its visible-light harvesting capacity for various photocatalytic applications.

Metal-free hybrids of graphitic carbon nitride and nanodiamonds for photoelectrochemical and photocatalytic applications

2017 ◽  
Vol 493 ◽  
pp. 275-280 ◽  
Author(s):  
Li Zhou ◽  
Huayang Zhang ◽  
Xiaochen Guo ◽  
Hongqi Sun ◽  
Shaomin Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Nitride ◽  
Graphitic Carbon ◽  
Graphitic Carbon Nitride ◽  
Metal Free ◽  
Photocatalytic Applications

Porous graphitic carbon nitride for solar photocatalytic applications

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (5) ◽  
pp. 765-786 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yang Li ◽  
Xin Li ◽  
Huaiwu Zhang ◽  
Quanjun Xiang
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Nitride ◽  
Porous Graphitic Carbon ◽  
Graphitic Carbon ◽  
Graphitic Carbon Nitride ◽  
Comprehensive View ◽  
The Future ◽  
Morphology Modification ◽  
Photocatalytic Applications

This review summarizes the development of PCN, i.e., synthesis, morphology, modification, and application in recent years. This review can provide a comprehensive view of PCN and lay a foundation for the design of ideal photocatalysts in the future.

scholarly journals Doping of Graphitic Carbon Nitride with Non-Metal Elements and Its Applications in Photocatalysis

Catalysts ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 1119
Author(s):  
Halyna Starukh ◽  
Petr Praus
Keyword(s):  
Organic Contaminants ◽  
Carbon Nitride ◽  
Co2 Reduction ◽  
Graphitic Carbon ◽  
Graphitic Carbon Nitride ◽  
Metal Elements ◽  
A Charge ◽  
Application Fields ◽  
Photocatalytic Applications ◽  
Charge Carrier Lifetime

This review outlines the latest research into the design of graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3N4) with non-metal elements. The emphasis is put on modulation of composition and morphology of g-C3N4 doped with oxygen, sulfur, phosphor, nitrogen, carbon as well as nitrogen and carbon vacancies. Typically, the various methods of non-metal elements introducing in g-C3N4 have been explored to simultaneously tune the textural and electronic properties of g-C3N4 for improving its response to the entire visible light range, facilitating a charge separation, and prolonging a charge carrier lifetime. The application fields of such doped graphitic carbon nitride are summarized into three categories: CO2 reduction, H2-evolution, and organic contaminants degradation. This review shows some main directions and affords to design the g-C3N4 doping with non-metal elements for real photocatalytic applications.

Graphitic Carbon Nitride‐Based Low‐Dimensional Heterostructures for Photocatalytic Applications

Solar RRL ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (8) ◽  
pp. 1900435 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Shuaib Khan ◽  
Fengkai Zhang ◽  
Minoru Osada ◽  
Samuel S. Mao ◽  
Shaohua Shen
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Nitride ◽  
Graphitic Carbon ◽  
Graphitic Carbon Nitride ◽  
Low Dimensional ◽  
Photocatalytic Applications

Graphitic carbon nitride based new advanced materials for photocatalytic applications

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pankaj Raizada ◽  
Abhinandan Kumar ◽  
Pardeep Singh
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Remediation ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Carbon Nitride ◽  
Graphitic Carbon ◽  
Graphitic Carbon Nitride ◽  
Pollutant Degradation ◽  
Visible Absorption ◽  
Metal Free ◽  
Photocatalytic Applications ◽  
Semiconductor Photocatalyst

Background: The Present Scenario Of Rapid Industrial And Population Growth Has Become A Serious Threat To Environmental And Energy Concerns. Extremely Noxious Pollutants Like Dyes, Heavy Metal Ions, Phenols, Antibiotics And Pesticides In Water Are The Reason Behind Deprived Water Quality Leading To Inadequate Access To Clean Water. Photocatalysis Is A Prominent Strategy For Environmental Remediation As Photocatalytic Materials Not Only Convert Solar Energy Into Usable Energy Expedient But Also Shows Potential Application In Pollutant Mitigation. An Effectual Photocatalytic System Must Possess Wide Visible Absorption Range, High Physio-Chemical Firmness, And Effective Space-Charge Separation Along With Strong Redox Ability. Polymeric Graphitic Carbon Nitride A Metal-Free Semiconductor Photocatalyst Has Outshined As A Robust Photocatalyst For Various Photocatalytic Applications. Method: Hybridizing Polymeric G-C3n4 With Other Semiconductor Photocatalysts Has Not Only Conquer The Limitations Related To Pristine G-C3n4 But Also Displayed Improved Photoactivity. Different Photocatalytic Systems Involving G-C3n4 Coupled Metal-Oxides, Metal-Free Systems And Complex Heterojunction Systems Are Reviewed. Moreover, An All-Embracing Study Based On G-C3n4 Based Nanocatalysts Is Explored Via Heterojunction Formation Taking G-C3n4 As One Component. Results: Photocatalytic Experiments Involving Photodegradation Of Pollutants, Revealed The Significance Of Metal-Free G-C3n4 In The Heterojunction System Which Remarkably Boost The Photoactivity Through Effective Separation And Migration Of Photocarriers. Moreover, From Recyclability Experiments, Exceptional Photostability Of G-C3n4 Based Photocatalysts Was Observed. Photocatalytic Pollutant Degradation Is A Complex Phenomenon Which Requires Significant Experimental Techniques To Support The Mechanism. With The Help Of Photoelectrochemical Analysis, The Mechanisms Behind Photodegradation Can Be Evaluated And Explored. Conclusion: Metal-Free Polymeric G-C3n4 Is A Potential Semiconductor Photocatalyst Which Can Be Optimally Utilized For Wastewater Treatment. Coupling G-C3n4 With Another Semiconductor Material With An Appropriate Band Edge Can Effectively Enhance The Photocatalytic Efficacy. Herein, G-C3n4 Derived Metal-Oxide, Metal-Free And Complex Heterojunction Systems Are Explored And Their Photocatalytic Efficiency Is Evaluated For Pollutant Degradation. However, More Effective Research Efforts Are Needed For Large-Scale Applications Of G-C3n4 Based Photocatalysts.

scholarly journals Modification of Layered Graphitic Carbon Nitride by Nitrogen Plasma for Improved Electrocatalytic Hydrogen Evolution

Nanomaterials ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 568 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ming Gao ◽  
Danni Liu ◽  
Huanhuan Yang ◽  
Hao Huang ◽  
Qian Luo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Evolution ◽  
Carbon Nitride ◽  
Sheet Material ◽  
Nitrogen Plasma ◽  
Active Species ◽  
Graphitic Carbon ◽  
Graphitic Carbon Nitride ◽  
Promising Technique ◽  
Photocatalytic Applications ◽  
Excellent Stability

As a layered nano-sheet material, layered graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3N4) has attracted attention in multifunctional photocatalytic applications. However, g-C3N4 is electrochemically inert consequently hampering electrochemical applications. In this work, low-temperature nitrogen plasma processing was conducted to modify g-C3N4 to enhance the electrocatalytic performance in the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER). The plasma produced significant morphological and chemical changes on the surface of g-C3N4 via active species, and nitrogen atoms were incorporated into the surface while the bulk properties did not change. The modification improved the surface hydrophilicity and electrocatalytic HER activity, as well as excellent stability in HER after 2000 cycles. Our results revealed that plasma treatment was a promising technique to improve the HER of carbon-based layered nano-sheet materials.

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