Para-substituted sulfonic acid-doped protonated emeraldine salt nanobuds: a potent neural interface targeting PC12 cell interactions and promotes neuronal cell differentiation

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sita Shrestha ◽  
Bishnu Kumar Shrestha ◽  
Oh Kwang Joong ◽  
Chan Hee Park ◽  
Cheol Sang Kim
Keyword(s):  
Sulfonic Acid ◽  
Neural Differentiation ◽  
Neuronal Cell ◽  
Neural Interface ◽  
Cell Type ◽  
Emeraldine Salt ◽  
Electrically Conductive ◽  
Neuronal Cell Differentiation ◽  
Cell Type Specific ◽  
Conductive System

Surface functionalized protonated emeraldine salt (PES) synthesized at 0.18 V provide robust electrically conductive system with low surface resistivity (81.18 mΩ). The PES show ability of cell-type specific microenvironment supporting PC12 cells for neural differentiation.

scholarly journals Neuronal cell-type-specific alternative splicing: A mechanism for specifying connections in the brain?

Neurogenesis ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. e1122699 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joshua Shing Shun Li ◽  
Grace Ji-eun Shin ◽  
S Sean Millard
Keyword(s):  
Alternative Splicing ◽  
Neuronal Cell ◽  
Cell Type ◽  
Specific Alternative ◽  
Cell Type Specific ◽  
The Brain

Neuronal cell‐type specific DNA methylation patterns of the Cacna1c gene

2012 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 89-95 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masaki Nishioka ◽  
Takafumi Shimada ◽  
Miki Bundo ◽  
Wataru Ukai ◽  
Eri Hashimoto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dna Methylation ◽  
Neuronal Cell ◽  
Cell Type ◽  
Cell Type Specific ◽  
Methylation Patterns

scholarly journals ATRT-08. SMARCB1 LOSS INTERACTS WITH NEURAL DIFFERENTIATION STATE TO GENERATE CELL TYPE-SPECIFIC PHENOTYPES

2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. ii64-ii64
Author(s):  
Alison Parisian ◽  
Tomoyuki Koga ◽  
Frank Furnari
Keyword(s):  
Neural Differentiation ◽  
Cell Type ◽  
Cell Type Specific

scholarly journals Analyses of Cell Type-Specific Effects of MicroRNA-298 on Native Protein Expression Via Truncated 3’UTR Hold Translational Promise

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruizhi Wang ◽  
Debomoy K. Lahiri
Keyword(s):  
Protein Expression ◽  
Senile Plaques ◽  
Amyloid Β ◽  
Neuronal Cell ◽  
Specific Cell ◽  
Native Protein ◽  
Cell Type ◽  
Protein Levels ◽  
Specific Cell Type ◽  
Cell Type Specific

Abstract Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is marked by neurofibrillary tangles and senile plaques comprising amyloid β (Aβ) peptides. However, specific contributions of different cell types to Aβ deposition remain unknown. Non-coding microRNA (miRNA) play important roles in AD by regulating major proteins involved, like Aβ precursor protein (APP) and β-site APP-cleaving enzyme (BACE1), two key proteins associated with Aβ biogenesis. MiRNAs typically silence protein expression via binding specific sites in 3’- untranslated region (3’UTR) mRNA. MiRNA regulates protein levels in a cell-type specific manner; however, mechanism of miRNA’s variable activities remains unknown. We developed “miRNA-associated native protein expression” (miRnape) assays to determine a natural "UTR limit" for a miRNA’s function in a particular cell type. We report that miR-298 treatment reduced native APP protein levels in an astrocytic but not in a neuronal cell line. From miR-298’s effects on APP-3’UTR activity and native protein levels, we infer that APP 3’-UTR length could explain the differential miR-298’s activity. Such truncated, but natural, 3’-UTR found in a specific cell type provides an opportunity to regulate native protein levels by particular miRNA. Thus, miRNA’s effect tailoring to a specific cell type bypassing another undesired cell type with a truncated 3’-UTR would potentially advance translational research.

scholarly journals Evaluation of PC12 Cell Neural Differentiation on Graphene Coated ITO Microchips

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tansu Golcez ◽  
Fikri seven ◽  
Ozan Karaman ◽  
Mustafa Sen
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Stimulation ◽  
Neuronal Differentiation ◽  
Indium Tin Oxide ◽  
Neural Differentiation ◽  
Neuronal Cell ◽  
Large Degree ◽  
Neuronal Cell Differentiation ◽  
Electrical Stimuli ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Real Time Qpcr

In this study, the impact of graphene on neuronal differentiation of PC12 cells into neuron-like cells was evaluated in conjunction with electrical stimuli. First, an ITO (Indium Tin Oxide) microchip with a certain number of electrodes was fabricated using photolithography and then a chemically synthesized graphene was coated on the microchip. The electrical stimulation was applied through the ITO-microchip. Following optimization of neuronal differentiation conditions, the effect of AC and DC electrical stimulation on both bare and graphene-coated ITO-microchips for neuronal differentiation was investigated. According to the results, it was observed that electrical stimulation with direct current for 30 minutes caused a large degree of neuronal cell differentiation on the graphene coated ITO-microchips. The results were also verified by real-time qPCR.

scholarly journals Complexity and graded regulation of neuronal cell-type–specific alternative splicing revealed by single-cell RNA sequencing

2021 ◽  
Vol 118 (10) ◽  
pp. e2013056118
Author(s):  
Huijuan Feng ◽  
Daniel F. Moakley ◽  
Shuonan Chen ◽  
Melissa G. McKenzie ◽  
Vilas Menon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alternative Splicing ◽  
Single Cell ◽  
Neuronal Cell ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Gabaergic Neurons ◽  
Cell Type ◽  
Differential Splicing ◽  
Single Cell Rna Sequencing ◽  
Hierarchical Levels ◽  
Cell Type Specific

The enormous cellular diversity in the mammalian brain, which is highly prototypical and organized in a hierarchical manner, is dictated by cell-type–specific gene-regulatory programs at the molecular level. Although prevalent in the brain, the contribution of alternative splicing (AS) to the molecular diversity across neuronal cell types is just starting to emerge. Here, we systematically investigated AS regulation across over 100 transcriptomically defined neuronal types of the adult mouse cortex using deep single-cell RNA-sequencing data. We found distinct splicing programs between glutamatergic and GABAergic neurons and between subclasses within each neuronal class. These programs consist of overlapping sets of alternative exons showing differential splicing at multiple hierarchical levels. Using an integrative approach, our analysis suggests that RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) Celf1/2, Mbnl2, and Khdrbs3 are preferentially expressed and more active in glutamatergic neurons, while Elavl2 and Qk are preferentially expressed and more active in GABAergic neurons. Importantly, these and additional RBPs also contribute to differential splicing between neuronal subclasses at multiple hierarchical levels, and some RBPs contribute to splicing dynamics that do not conform to the hierarchical structure defined by the transcriptional profiles. Thus, our results suggest graded regulation of AS across neuronal cell types, which may provide a molecular mechanism to specify neuronal identity and function that are orthogonal to established classifications based on transcriptional regulation.

scholarly journals Cell type-specific biotin labeling in vivo resolves regional neuronal proteomic differences in mouse brain

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sruti Rayaprolu ◽  
Sara Bitarafan ◽  
Ranjita Betarbet ◽  
Sydney N Sunna ◽  
Lihong Cheng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mouse Brain ◽  
Neurological Diseases ◽  
Neuronal Cell ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Proteomic Profiling ◽  
Cell Type ◽  
Specific Expression ◽  
Cell Type Specific ◽  
The Brain

Isolation and proteomic profiling of brain cell types, particularly neurons, pose several technical challenges which limit our ability to resolve distinct cellular phenotypes in neurological diseases. Therefore, we generated a novel mouse line that enables cell type-specific expression of a biotin ligase, TurboID, via Cre-lox strategy for in vivo proximity-dependent biotinylation of proteins. Using adenoviral-based and transgenic approaches, we show striking protein biotinylation in neuronal cell bodies and axons throughout the mouse brain. We quantified more than 2,000 neuron-derived proteins following enrichment that mapped to numerous subcellular compartments. Synaptic, transmembrane transporters, ion channel subunits, and disease-relevant druggable targets were among the most significantly enriched proteins. Remarkably, we resolved brain region-specific proteomic profiles of Camk2a neurons with distinct functional molecular signatures and disease associations that may underlie regional neuronal vulnerability. Leveraging the neuronal specificity of this in vivo biotinylation strategy, we used an antibody-based approach to uncover regionally unique patterns of neuron-derived signaling phospho-proteins and cytokines, particularly in the cortex and cerebellum. Our work provides a proteomic framework to investigate cell type-specific mechanisms driving physiological and pathological states of the brain as well as complex tissues beyond the brain.

scholarly journals Single nucleus analysis of the chromatin landscape in mouse forebrain development

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sebastian Preissl ◽  
Rongxin Fang ◽  
Yuan Zhao ◽  
Ramya Raviram ◽  
Yanxiao Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Neuronal Cell ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Cellular Heterogeneity ◽  
Regulatory Sequences ◽  
Specific Cell ◽  
Cell Type ◽  
Tissue Samples ◽  
Forebrain Development ◽  
Cell Type Specific ◽  
Accessible Chromatin

ABSTRACTGenome-wide analysis of chromatin accessibility in primary tissues has uncovered millions of candidate regulatory sequences in the human and mouse genomes1–4. However, the heterogeneity of biological samples used in previous studies has prevented a precise understanding of the dynamic chromatin landscape in specific cell types. Here, we show that analysis of the transposase-accessible-chromatin in single nuclei isolated from frozen tissue samples can resolve cellular heterogeneity and delineate transcriptional regulatory sequences in the constituent cell types. Our strategy is based on a combinatorial barcoding assisted single cell assay for transposase-accessible chromatin5 and is optimized for nuclei from flash-frozen primary tissue samples (snATAC-seq). We used this method to examine the mouse forebrain at seven development stages and in adults. From snATAC-seq profiles of more than 15,000 high quality nuclei, we identify 20 distinct cell populations corresponding to major neuronal and non-neuronal cell-types in foetal and adult forebrains. We further define cell-type specific cis regulatory sequences and infer potential master transcriptional regulators of each cell population. Our results demonstrate the feasibility of a general approach for identifying cell-type-specific cis regulatory sequences in heterogeneous tissue samples, and provide a rich resource for understanding forebrain development in mammals.

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