Scintillation materials based on metal iodates by rare earth doping modifications for use in radioluminescence and X-ray imaging

Abstract Compared with solid scintillators, liquid scintillators have limited capability in dosimetry and radiography due to their relatively low light yields. Here, we report a new generation of highly efficient and low-cost liquid scintillators constructed by surface hybridisation of colloidal metal halide perovskite CsPbA3 (A: Cl, Br, I) nanocrystals (NCs) with organic molecules (2,5-diphenyloxazole). The hybrid liquid scintillators, compared to state-of-the-art CsI and Gd2O2S, demonstrate markedly highly competitive radioluminescence quantum yields under X-ray irradiation typically employed in diagnosis and treatment. Experimental and theoretical analyses suggest that the enhanced quantum yield is associated with X-ray photon-induced charge transfer from the organic molecules to the NCs. High-resolution X-ray imaging is demonstrated using a hybrid CsPbBr3 NC-based liquid scintillator. The novel X-ray scintillation mechanism in our hybrid scintillators could be extended to enhance the quantum yield of various types of scintillators, enabling low-dose radiation detection in various fields, including fundamental science and imaging.

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Development of X-ray protective garments from rare earth-modified natural rubber composites

Journal of Elastomers & Plastics ◽

10.1177/0095244316676866 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 49 (6) ◽

pp. 527-544 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Sreedha Sambhudevan ◽

Balakrishnan Shankar ◽

A Saritha ◽

Kuruvilla Joseph ◽

John Philip ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Rare Earth ◽

Natural Rubber ◽

Filler Content ◽

Rubber Composites ◽

Suitable Alternative ◽

X Ray ◽

Toxic Material ◽

X Ray Imaging ◽

Natural Rubber Composites

Commonly used shielding materials while X-ray imaging by clinical persons is based on lead but incessant contact with this toxic material can pave way to severe health problems. Polymer composites, embedded with lead-free additives, especially based on natural rubber can be chosen as a suitable alternative candidate due to its lightweight, cost-effectiveness and capability to absorb regular energy region of X-ray used in medical imaging. Rubber composites were prepared with modified rare earth oxides at different filler loadings. The characterization of the filler reveals that their size falls in the nanoregime, which, in turn, supplemented to the superior properties of the composites. Mechanical properties were found to increase with filler content. X-ray shielding studies were done at different tube voltages and thicknesses and the results prove the efficacy of materials to be considered as a promising shielding resource.

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Ultrafast Inorganic Scintillators for Gigahertz Hard X-Ray Imaging

IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science ◽

10.1109/tns.2018.2808103 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 65 (8) ◽

pp. 2097-2104 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

Chen Hu ◽

Liyuan Zhang ◽

Ren-Yuan Zhu ◽

Aiping Chen ◽

Zhehui Wang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

X Ray ◽

X Ray Imaging ◽

Inorganic Scintillators

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Crystallization of CsPbBr3 single crystals in water for X-ray detection

Nature Communications ◽

10.1038/s41467-021-21805-0 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Jiali Peng ◽

Chelsea Q. Xia ◽

Yalun Xu ◽

Ruiming Li ◽

Lihao Cui ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Single Crystals ◽

Performance Metrics ◽

Radiation Detection ◽

Crystal Habit ◽

X Ray ◽

X Ray Imaging ◽

Ionization Radiation ◽

Halide Perovskites ◽

Low Temperature Crystallization ◽

Temperature Crystallization

AbstractMetal halide perovskites have fascinated the research community over the past decade, and demonstrated unprecedented success in optoelectronics. In particular, perovskite single crystals have emerged as promising candidates for ionization radiation detection, due to the excellent opto-electronic properties. However, most of the reported crystals are grown in organic solvents and require high temperature. In this work, we develop a low-temperature crystallization strategy to grow CsPbBr3 perovskite single crystals in water. Then, we carefully investigate the structure and optoelectronic properties of the crystals obtained, and compare them with CsPbBr3 crystals grown in dimethyl sulfoxide. Interestingly, the water grown crystals exhibit a distinct crystal habit, superior charge transport properties and better stability in air. We also fabricate X-ray detectors based on the CsPbBr3 crystals, and systematically characterize their device performance. The crystals grown in water demonstrate great potential for X-ray imaging with enhanced performance metrics.

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Effect of Rare Earth Doping on Electrochemical Properties of Fe2O3 Nanoparticle for Supercapacitor

Solid State Phenomena ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/ssp.281.743 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 281 ◽

pp. 743-747

Author(s):

Wei Kang Yan ◽

Jian Qiang Bi ◽

Wei Li Wang

Keyword(s):

Rare Earth ◽

Rare Earth Elements ◽

Constant Current ◽

Rare Earth Doping ◽

X Ray Diffraction ◽

Super Capacitor ◽

X Ray ◽

Constant Current Charge ◽

Discharge Method ◽

Structure And Microstructure

Fe2O3 nanoparticle was prepared by a hydrothermal method, and the influence of rare earth elements (Y3+, Nd3+ and La3+) on the electrochemical performance was studied. The crystal structure and microstructure of the synthesized lithium zinc ferrite were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD),scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The results show that the powder is well crystallized and the particles are mostly irregular.The electrochemical property was characterized via cyclic voltammetry (CV) and constant current charge-discharge method. The capacitance of the Fe2O3 nanoparticle is 258.3 F/g, 342.7 F/g after doping Y3+ ,337.1 F/g after doping Nd3+and 331.2 F/g after doping La3 +. The results show that the rare earth elements (Y3+, Nd3+ and La3+) after the specific capacitance has increased, more suitable for super capacitor materials.

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Preparation and Properties of Rare Earth-Doped TiO2 Thin Films by Sol-Gel Process

Advanced Materials Research ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1033-1034.1235 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 1033-1034 ◽

pp. 1235-1238

Author(s):

Tao Bai ◽

Shi Gen Zhu

Keyword(s):

Thin Films ◽

Rare Earth ◽

Sol Gel ◽

Rare Earth Doping ◽

X Ray Diffraction ◽

X Ray ◽

Sol Gel Process ◽

Scanning Electronmicroscopy ◽

Rare Earth Doped ◽

The Rare Earth

Rare earth doped titaniumdioxide (TiO2) thin films (rare earth-doped TiO2) have been successfully prepared on a glass substrate by a sol–gel route. After the rare earth-doped TiO2thin films were calcined at 773K for 1h, the effect of rare earth-doping on the properties were investigated using X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electronmicroscopy (SEM), ultraviolet–visible spectroscopy and thermogravimetric techniques (TG/DTG). The XRD results showed that rare earth-doped TiO2thin films contained only a single crystalline phase of anatase TiO2after calcining at 773K for 1h. SEM micrographs showed that rare earth-doped TiO2thin films have smooth surfaces containing granular nanocrystallines and are without cracks. The UV–vis absorption spectra showed that the absorption of the rare earth-doped TiO2thin films has a red-shift. From ambient to 1273K, it is about 12% of mass loss because of the volatilizing of water and organic and the phase transformation.

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A Review on X-ray Excited Emission Decay Dynamics in Inorganic Scintillator Materials

Photonics ◽

10.3390/photonics8030071 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 8 (3) ◽

pp. 71

Author(s):

Vineet Kumar ◽

Zhiping Luo

Keyword(s):

Rare Earth ◽

Transition Metal Oxides ◽

Radiation Detection ◽

High Energy ◽

Inorganic Materials ◽

Decay Kinetics ◽

Excitation Process ◽

X Ray ◽

Decay Component ◽

Rare Earth Halides

Scintillator materials convert high-energy radiation into photons in the ultraviolet to visible light region for radiation detection. In this review, advances in X-ray emission dynamics of inorganic scintillators are presented, including inorganic halides (alkali-metal halides, alkaline-earth halides, rare-earth halides, oxy-halides, rare-earth oxyorthosilicates, halide perovskites), oxides (binary oxides, complex oxides, post-transition metal oxides), sulfides, rare-earth doped scintillators, and organic-inorganic hybrid scintillators. The origin of scintillation is strongly correlated to the host material and dopants. Current models are presented describing the scintillation decay lifetime of inorganic materials, with the emphasis on the short-lived scintillation decay component. The whole charge generation and the de-excitation process are analyzed in general, and an essential role of the decay kinetics is the de-excitation process. We highlighted three decay mechanisms in cross luminescence emission, exitonic emission, and dopant-activated emission, respectively. Factors regulating the origin of different luminescence centers controlling the decay process are discussed.

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