SYNTHESIS, CHARACTERIZATION AND USE OF ENZYME CASHEM GUM NANOPARTICLES FOR BIOSENSING APPLICATIONS

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
ADRIANY AMORIM ◽  
Marta Sánchez-Paniagua ◽  
Taiane Maria de Oliveira ◽  
Ana Carolina Mafud ◽  
Durcilene Alves da Silva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Research Report ◽  
Cashew Gum ◽  
First Time

This research report, for the first time, the immobilization of an enzyme, Rhus vernificera laccase on cashew gum (CG) nanoparticles (NPs) and its application as a biological layer in the...

scholarly journals Sustaining Economic Geography? Business and Management Schools and the UK’s Great Economic Geography Diaspora

2018 ◽  
Vol 50 (6) ◽  
pp. 1355-1366 ◽  
Author(s):  
Al James ◽  
Michael Bradshaw ◽  
Neil M Coe ◽  
James Faulconbridge
Keyword(s):  
Community Of Practice ◽  
Economic Geography ◽  
Academic Career ◽  
Research Report ◽  
Geography Teaching ◽  
Prior Achievement ◽  
Supplementary Material ◽  
The Uk ◽  
First Time ◽  
Business And Management

This Exchanges commentary is concerned with the health of Economic Geography as a sub-discipline, and economic geography (as a wider community of practice) in one of its historical heartlands, the UK. Against a backdrop of prior achievement, recent years have witnessed a noticeable migration of economic geographers in the UK from Departments of Geography to academic positions in Business and Management Schools and related research centres. For the first time, a new (2018) research report by the Economic Geography Research Group of the RGS-IBG – We’re In Business! Sustaining Economic Geography? – has empirically evidenced this trend since 2000 (see supplementary material). In this parallel commentary, we summarise the major findings of that project in order to identify: the scale of this cross-disciplinary labour mobility; its operation at different levels of the academic career hierarchy; and the underlying motivations and variegated outcomes experienced by those making the transition. We then move to consider the wider implications of this ‘Economic Geography Diaspora’ for sustaining Economic Geography teaching, research and knowledge production. While economic geography clearly has a healthy appeal to Business and Management as an interdisciplinary community of practice, we raise multiple concerns around the largely uni-directional nature of this ‘movers’ phenomenon in UK universities. We make a number of suggestions for possible interventions to effect positive change and to prompt a larger conversation that benchmarks this UK experience against other national contexts.

Inference 2: causation

2003 ◽  
pp. 239-254 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Stewart
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Situation ◽  
Human Interaction ◽  
The Other ◽  
Research Report ◽  
Reverse Causality ◽  
Effect Relationship ◽  
Cause And Effect ◽  
Children’S Behaviour ◽  
The Individual ◽  
First Time

The study of cause and effect forms the basis for most human interaction. The repetitive investigation of actions and their consequences can be readily seen in children's behaviour. Adult behaviour may be more complex but essentially involves identical principles. When we speak to someone for the first time, an initial impression is formed. If the conversation proceeds, the impression (hypothesis) is tested and refined through evaluating actions (what we say) and their consequences (the reaction or reply this provokes). If an unknown factor is present (e.g. the other person is preoccupied with something else), the relationship between cause and effect may be misinterpreted resulting in a false impression (e.g. that they are rude or unfriendly). The process can be seen as a repeated series of experiments, albeit unconscious. All of us are therefore involved in active cause–effect research for most of our waking lives. However the inferences (whether true or false) derived from these day-to-day experiments apply only to ourselves. Science and philosophy on the other hand seek to uncover truths that are generalizable beyond the individual. Because of this, their experiments require greater scrutiny. Research may be divided into that which is observational (describing what is there) and that which is analytic (explaining why it is there). Deducing cause and effect relationships is central to analytic research. The ‘result’ of any given experiment is indisputable. What is open to interpretation is what caused that result. As discussed in Chapter 12, a series of questions have to be asked. What is the likelihood of it having occurred by chance? Was it caused by problems in the design of the study (bias), by the influence of a different factor to that hypothesised (confounding), or by a cause–effect relationship in the opposite direction to that anticipated (‘reverse’ causality)? If the anticipated cause–effect relationship is supported, what precise cause and effect were being measured in the study under consideration and how might other factors contribute to this? And what are the implications of the findings? The focus for critiquing a research report (apart from allegations of deliberate falsification) strictly speaking should not be the reported ‘Results’ but the ‘Discussion and Conclusions’—the inferences (particularly regarding cause and effect) which can be drawn from the results and therefore the generalisability of findings beyond the experimental situation.

scholarly journals Examining the reliability of Adaptive Comparative Judgement (ACJ) as an assessment tool in educational settings

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard Kimbell
Keyword(s):  
Assessment Tool ◽  
Comparative Judgment ◽  
Research Report ◽  
International Conference ◽  
Sequence Of Events ◽  
Comparative Judgement ◽  
Original Innovation ◽  
Method Of Assessment ◽  
First Time

AbstractConventional approaches to assessment involve teachers and examiners judging the quality of learners work by reference to lists of criteria or other ‘outcome’ statements. This paper explores a quite different method of assessment using ‘Adaptive Comparative Judgement’ (ACJ) that was developed within a research project at Goldsmiths University of London between 2004 and 2010. The method was developed into a tool that enabled judges to distinguish better/worse performances not by allocating numbers through mark schemes, but rather by direct, holistic, judgement. The tool was successfully deployed through a series of national and international research and development exercises. But game-changing innovations are never flaw-less first time out (Golley, Jet: Frank Whittle and the Invention of the Jet Engine, Datum Publishing, Liphook Hampshire, 2009; Dyson, Against the odds: an autobiography, Texere Publishing, Knutsford Cheshire, 2001) and a series of careful investigations resulted in a problem being identified within the workings of ACJ (Bramley, Investigating the reliability of Adaptive Comparative Judgment, Cambridge Assessment Research Report, UK, Cambridge, 2015). The issue was with the ‘adaptive’ component of the algorithm that, under certain conditions, appeared to exaggerate the reliability statistic. The problem was ‘worked’ by the software company running ACJ and a solution found. This paper reports the whole sequence of events—from the original innovation, through deployment, the emergent problem, and the resulting solution that was published at an international conference (Rangel Smith and Lynch in: PATT36 International Conference. Research & Practice in Technology Education: Perspectives on Human Capacity and Development, 2018) and subsequently deployed within a modified ACJ algorithm.

The Irrelevance of Literacy

1983 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 38-42
Author(s):  
E. Fesl
Keyword(s):  
Steering Committee ◽  
Literacy Programs ◽  
Research Report ◽  
Australian Government ◽  
Value System ◽  
Aboriginal Communities ◽  
The Past ◽  
Per Se ◽  
English Literacy ◽  
First Time

A research report published last year has shaken the very rationale for Aboriginal literacy programs. Eve Fesl says that for the first time, Aborigines have had the chance to say what they want, and that their views are very different from those who have sought to educate them.Copies of the report, Bala Bala: Some Literacy and Educational Perceptions of Three Aboriginal Communities are available from Australian Government Publishing Service bookshops in all States.There was incredulity in education circles late last year when Bala Bala: Some Literacy and Educational Perceptions of Three Aboriginal Communities reported that many Aborigines rejected literacy.The project, instigated by Anglo-Australians, began with the assumptions of an Anglo value system. There was an assumption that, just as literacy in English had aided, for example, the peasant classes of England in their efforts towards upward social mobility, it would also be the panacea of Aboriginal social ills. That Aborigines might not concur was never questioned.Even non-Aborigines on the steering committee, who had some inkling that literacy would not be warmly embraced by all Aborigines, were surprised at an overall rejection of English literacy per se.Yet Aborigines were not surprised, and if one cares to look closely into the past, one sees many abandoned literacy programs – testimony that Aborigines have never wanted them.

scholarly journals Lived Experiences of First Time Baccalaureate Nursing Students in the Clinical Practice

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (13) ◽  
pp. 86
Author(s):  
Maria Jocelyn B. Natividad ◽  
Ibtehal I. Qazanli ◽  
Khalid A. Aljohani
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Practice ◽  
Nursing Students ◽  
Learning Environment ◽  
Baccalaureate Nursing ◽  
Lived Experiences ◽  
Baccalaureate Nursing Students ◽  
Research Report ◽  
Clinical Learning Environment ◽  
Clinical Exposure ◽  
First Time

INTRODUCTION: Nursing students’ first clinical exposure may raise anxiety as they question their ability and experienced a lack of confidence as they adjust themselves in the clinical learning environment. AIM: To explore the lived experiences of first-time Baccalaureate nursing students in the clinical area. METHODS: A phenomenological qualitative research design was utilized where 18 Baccalaureate nursing students were individually interviewed. Data were analyzed using the seven steps of Collaizi’s method. RESULT: Three main themes that emerged were clinical practice on the first-hand look; uncertainties in a new learning environment; and nursing as a life-changing experience. Subthemes were recorded and explained in the research report. CONCLUSION: Nursing students who had their first-ever exposure to clinical practice had various experiences both positive and negative. The Nursing College must emphasize comprehensive orientation before students’ exposure to clinical practice.

Noise from Traffic in Kuwait and Attitudes of Urban Residents

2001 ◽  
Vol 32 (6) ◽  
pp. 13-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. A. Koushki
Keyword(s):  
Urban Policy ◽  
Noise Pollution ◽  
Research Report ◽  
Urban Residents ◽  
Research Administration ◽  
Kuwait University ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
The Public ◽  
Urban Problem ◽  
First Time

Findings of a research project funded by the Research Administration of Kuwait University (Report No.: EV02/99) and completed in 1999 provided useful information – for the first time – on the levels of traffic-generated noise pollution and the attitudes of exposed residents concerning this pervasive urban problem. The Research Report presents the levels of noise pollution measured at local, residential and collector streets, arterial roadways and expressways. This information will benefit both the public and responsible urban policy-makers.

Annulate lamellae in the Sertoli cells of guinea pig testis after unilateral torsion of the spermatic cord

1984 ◽  
Vol 42 ◽  
pp. 196-197
Author(s):  
J. Chakraborty ◽  
A. P. Sinha Hikim ◽  
J. S. Jhunjhunwala
Keyword(s):  
Sertoli Cells ◽  
Guinea Pigs ◽  
Spermatic Cord ◽  
Present Report ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Annulate Lamellae ◽  
Spermatogenic Cells ◽  
Electron Microscopic ◽  
Structural Details ◽  
First Time

Although the presence of annulate lamellae was noted in many cell types, including the rat spermatogenic cells, this structure was never reported in the Sertoli cells of any rodent species. The present report is based on a part of our project on the effect of torsion of the spermatic cord to the contralateral testis. This paper describes for the first time, the fine structural details of the annulate lamellae in the Sertoli cells of damaged testis from guinea pigs.One side of the spermatic cord of each of six Hartly strain adult guinea pigs was surgically twisted (540°) under pentobarbital anesthesia (1). Four months after induction of torsion, animals were sacrificed, testes were excised and processed for the light and electron microscopic investigations. In the damaged testis, the majority of seminiferous tubule contained a layer of Sertoli cells with occasional spermatogonia (Fig. 1). Nuclei of these Sertoli cells were highly pleomorphic and contained small chromatinic clumps adjacent to the inner aspect of the nuclear envelope (Fig. 2).

Electron spectroscopic imaging and diffraction

1991 ◽  
Vol 49 ◽  
pp. 706-707
Author(s):  
M. Rühle ◽  
J. Mayer ◽  
J.C.H. Spence ◽  
J. Bihr ◽  
W. Probst ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Materials Science ◽  
Electron Spectroscopic Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Filter ◽  
Magnetic Imaging ◽  
Illumination System ◽  
Probe Size ◽  
Diffraction Patterns ◽  
Fritz Haber ◽  
Koehler Illumination ◽  
First Time

A new Zeiss TEM with an imaging Omega filter is a fully digitized, side-entry, 120 kV TEM/STEM instrument for materials science. The machine possesses an Omega magnetic imaging energy filter (see Fig. 1) placed between the third and fourth projector lens. Lanio designed the filter and a prototype was built at the Fritz-Haber-Institut in Berlin, Germany. The imaging magnetic filter allows energy-filtered images or diffraction patterns to be recorded without scanning using efficient area detection. The energy dispersion at the exit slit (Fig. 1) results in ∼ 1.5 μm/eV which allows imaging with energy windows of ≤ 10 eV. The smallest probe size of the microscope is 1.6 nm and the Koehler illumination system is used for the first time in a TEM. Serial recording of EELS spectra with a resolution < 1 eV is possible. The digital control allows X,Y,Z coordinates and tilt settings to be stored and later recalled.

A Novel TEM Technique for Characterizing As-Grown CVD Diamond Films

1991 ◽  
Vol 49 ◽  
pp. 956-957 ◽  
Author(s):  
Z.L. Wang ◽  
J. Bentley ◽  
R.E. Clausing ◽  
L. Heatherly ◽  
L.L. Horton
Keyword(s):  
Diamond Films ◽  
Chemical Vapor ◽  
Growth Direction ◽  
Dark Field ◽  
Growth Surface ◽  
Specimen Preparation ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Diffraction Patterns ◽  
First Time ◽  
Microstructural Studies

Microstructural studies by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) of diamond films grown by chemical vapor deposition (CVD) usually involve tedious specimen preparation. This process has been avoided with a technique that is described in this paper. For the first time, thick as-grown diamond films have been examined directly in a conventional TEM without thinning. With this technique, the important microstructures near the growth surface have been characterized. An as-grown diamond film was fractured on a plane containing the growth direction. It took about 5 min to prepare a sample. For TEM examination, the film was tilted about 30-45° (see Fig. 1). Microstructures of the diamond grains on the top edge of the growth face can be characterized directly by transmitted electron bright-field (BF) and dark-field (DF) images and diffraction patterns.

A microscopic marker experiment study on high temperature oxidation of Ni-Al alloy

1986 ◽  
Vol 44 ◽  
pp. 514-515
Author(s):  
Shou-kong Fan
Keyword(s):  
Transport Mechanism ◽  
High Temperature Oxidation ◽  
Transverse Section ◽  
Al Alloy ◽  
Metal Interface ◽  
Electron Microscopic ◽  
Temperature Oxidation ◽  
Analytical Electron ◽  
Microscopic Studies ◽  
First Time

Transmission and analytical electron microscopic studies of scale microstructures and microscopic marker experiments have been carried out in order to determine the transport mechanism in the oxidation of Ni-Al alloy. According to the classical theory, the oxidation of nickel takes place by transport of Ni cations across the scale forming new oxide at the scale/gas interface. Any markers deposited on the Ni surface are expected to remain at the scale/metal interface after oxidation. This investigation using TEM transverse section techniques and deposited microscopic markers shows a different result,which indicates that a considerable amount of oxygen was transported inward. This is the first time that such fine-scale markers have been coupled with high resolution characterization instruments such as TEM/STEM to provide detailed information about evolution of oxide scale microstructure.

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