scholarly journals Post-mortem glycolysis in skeletal muscle. The extent of glycolysis in diluted preparation of mammalian muscle

1965 ◽  
Vol 97 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
RP Newbold ◽  
CA Lee
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Potassium Chloride ◽  
Acid Production ◽  
Lactic Acid Production ◽  
Dilution Effect ◽  
Post Mortem ◽  
Mammalian Muscle ◽  
Ph Values ◽  
Phosphorus Containing

1. Sheep-, rabbit- and ox-muscle minces prepared soon after slaughter were diluted with 1 vol. of 0.16 m-potassium chloride in the absence (potassium chloride mince) and presence of added cofactor or glycolysable substrate, and the effects on the ultimate pH were examined. 2. Changes in the concentrations of glycogen and lactate and the concentrations of some phosphorus-containing fractions were determined in ox-muscle preparations. 3. Glycolysis ceased at appreciably higher pH in the potassium chloride mince than in undiluted mince. The inclusion of glycogen, ATP, ADP, NAD or magnesium chloride in the diluent had little effect on the ultimate pH of the diluted mince. 4. Lactic acid production continued at lower pH values in diluted mince containing added glucose 1-phosphate, fructose 1,6-diphosphate or glucose plus hexokinase than in potassium chloride mince. 5. The evidence points to failure of the phosphorylase step being responsible for the dilution effect.

scholarly journals MicroRNA-140 inhibits skeletal muscle glycolysis and atrophy in endotoxin-induced sepsis in mice via the WNT signaling pathway

2019 ◽  
Vol 317 (2) ◽  
pp. C189-C199 ◽  
Author(s):  
Li Liu ◽  
Tian-Mei Li ◽  
Xue-Ru Liu ◽  
Yi-Ping Bai ◽  
Jie Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Wnt Signaling ◽  
Signaling Pathway ◽  
Acid Production ◽  
Lactic Acid Production ◽  
Wnt Signaling Pathway ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Cross Sectional

Sepsis is a systemic inflammatory response syndrome resulting from infection. This study aimed at exploring the role of microRNA-140 (miR-140) in septic mice. Wnt family member 11 (WNT11) was verified to be a target gene of miR-140 after bioinformatic prediction and dual luciferase reporter gene assay. Importantly, miR-140 negatively regulated WNT11. We initially induced the model of sepsis by endotoxin, and then ectopic expression and knockdown experiments were performed to explore the functional role of miR-140 in sepsis. Additionally, cross-sectional areas of muscle fiber, lactic acid production, 3-methylhistidine (3-MH) and tyrosine (Tyr) production in extensor digitorium longus (EDL) muscles, and serum levels of inflammatory factors were examined. The effect of miR-140 on the expression of WNT signaling pathway-related and apoptosis-related factors in skeletal muscle tissue was determined. The experimental results indicated that upregulated miR-140 or silenced WNT11 increased cross-sectional areas of muscle fiber while decreasing lactic acid production, skeletal muscle cell apoptosis [corresponding to downregulated B cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2)-associated X protein (Bax) and caspase-3 and upregulated Bcl-2], and the proteolytic rate of Tyr and 3-MH. Also, overexpressed miR-140 or silenced WNT11 reduced inflammation as reflected by decreased serum levels of IL-6, IL-10, and TNF-α. Furthermore, overexpression of miR-140 was shown to suppress the activation of the WNT signaling pathway, accompanied by decreased expression of WNT11, β-catenin, and GSK-3β. Taken together, upregulation of miR-140 could potentially inhibit skeletal muscle lactate release, an indirect measure of glycolysis, and atrophy in septic mice through suppressing the WNT signaling pathway via inhibiting WNT11 expression.

Composition of Pooled Plaque Fluid from Caries-free and Caries-positive Individuals Following Sucrose Exposure

1992 ◽  
Vol 71 (11) ◽  
pp. 1776-1784 ◽  
Author(s):  
H.C. Margolis ◽  
E.C. Moreno
Keyword(s):  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Organic Acids ◽  
Ion Chromatography ◽  
Acid Production ◽  
Lactic Acid Production ◽  
Inorganic Ions ◽  
Rapid Decrease ◽  
White Spot ◽  
Ph Values ◽  
Ph Microelectrodes

The composition of pooled plaque fluid from five population samples was determined before and at selected times (7, 15, 30, and 60 min) after a 10% sucrose rinse. Subjects were grouped according to caries status (caries-free, CF, DMFS = 0; caries-positive, CP, DMFS > 10). Samples were also studied from white-spot surfaces and from sound surfaces of the same mouths of two additional CP groups. Plaque fluid was isolated by centrifugation and analyzed for organic acids, inorganic ions (ion chromatography), and pH (microelectrodes). Prior to sucrose exposure, plaque fluids from the CF subgroups and from sound surfaces of the CP subjects had higher pH values than samples from CP subgroups and from white-spot surfaces, respectively ; the ionic compositions were otherwise similar. Starved plaque fluids were also found to be supersaturated with respect to enamel and to a significantly greater degree in the CF samples, suggesting that CF plaque fluid may have a greater remineralization potential than CP samples. Following sucrose exposure, a rapid decrease in plaque fluid pH was observed, which corresponded primarily to lactic acid production. For all times examined, mean pH and DS(En) values were lower and lactic acid concentrations were higher in the CP samples than in the CF samples; noted differences were statistically significant at 7 min for pH and DS(En), and at 7, 15, and 30 min for lactic acid. Lower values of DS(En) suggest that plaque fluid from CP subjects had a measurably greater cariogenic potential. Calcium concentrations also increased in plaque fluid, following sucrose exposure, and to similar levels in samples from CF and CP subjects, despite significantly lower acid production in the CF samples. These latter results appear to be associated with the further finding that whole plaque from the CF subgroups contained significantly more calcium than the samples from the CP subjects. The availability of mineral ions like calcium within plaque may, therefore, play an important role in controlling enamel demineralization.

scholarly journals Protective effect of titanium tetrafluoride and silver diamine fluoride on radiation-induced dentin caries in vitro

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Beatriz Martines de Souza ◽  
Mayara Souza Silva ◽  
Aline Silva Braga ◽  
Patrícia Sanches Kerges Bueno ◽  
Paulo Sergio da Silva Santos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Protective Effect ◽  
Acid Production ◽  
Lactic Acid Production ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Titanium Tetrafluoride ◽  
Silver Diamine Fluoride ◽  
Dentin Caries ◽  
Radiation Induced

AbstractThis in vitro study evaluated the protective effect of titanium tetrafluoride (TiF4) varnish and silver diamine fluoride (SDF) solution on the radiation-induced dentin caries. Bovine root dentin samples were irradiated (70 Gy) and treated as follows: (6 h): 4% TiF4 varnish; 5.42% NaF varnish; 30% SDF solution; placebo varnish; or untreated (negative control). Microcosm biofilm was produced from human dental biofilm (from patients with head-neck cancer) mixed with McBain saliva for the first 8 h. After 16 h and from day 2 to day 5, McBain saliva (0.2% sucrose) was replaced daily (37 °C, 5% CO2) (biological triplicate). Demineralization was quantified by transverse microradiography (TMR), while biofilm was analyzed by using viability, colony-forming units (CFU) counting and lactic acid production assays. The data were statistically analyzed by ANOVA (p < 0.05). TiF4 and SDF were able to reduce mineral loss compared to placebo and the negative control. TiF4 and SDF significantly reduced the biofilm viability compared to negative control. TiF4 significantly reduced the CFU count of total microorganism, while only SDF affected total streptococci and mutans streptococci counts. The varnishes induced a reduction in lactic acid production compared to the negative control. TiF4 and SDF may be good alternatives to control the development of radiation-induced dentin caries.

scholarly journals Lactic acid production ability of Lactobacillus sp. from four tropical fruits using their by-products as carbon source

Heliyon ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (5) ◽  
pp. e07079
Author(s):  
Joel Romial Ngouénam ◽  
Chancel Hector Momo Kenfack ◽  
Edith Marius Foko Kouam ◽  
Pierre Marie Kaktcham ◽  
Rukesh Maharjan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Carbon Source ◽  
Acid Production ◽  
Lactic Acid Production ◽  
Tropical Fruits ◽  
By Products

γ-Valerolactone-Introduced Controlled-Isomerization of Glucose for Lactic Acid Production over Sn-Beta Catalyst

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xinpeng Zhao ◽  
Zhimin Zhou ◽  
hu luo ◽  
Yanfei Zhang ◽  
Wang Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Density Functional Theory ◽  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Dft Calculations ◽  
Acid Production ◽  
Density Functional ◽  
Lactic Acid Production ◽  
Hydrothermal Conversion ◽  
Functional Theory ◽  
Environment Friendly

Combined experiments and density functional theory (DFT) calculations provided insights into the role of the environment-friendly γ-valerolactone (GVL) as a solvent in the hydrothermal conversion of glucose into lactic acid...

Impact of storage duration and micro-aerobic conditions on lactic acid production from food waste

2021 ◽  
Vol 323 ◽  
pp. 124618
Author(s):  
Zengshuai Zhang ◽  
Panagiotis Tsapekos ◽  
Merlin Alvarado-Morales ◽  
Irini Angelidaki
Keyword(s):  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Food Waste ◽  
Acid Production ◽  
Lactic Acid Production ◽  
Storage Duration ◽  
Aerobic Conditions
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