MicroRNA expression profiling of human islets from individuals with and without Type 2 diabetes: promises and pitfalls

2012 ◽  
Vol 40 (4) ◽  
pp. 800-803 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonathan M. Locke ◽  
Lorna W. Harries
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Expression Profiling ◽  
Human Islets ◽  
Individual Mirnas ◽  
Islet Dysfunction ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Mirna Expression Profiling ◽  
Specific Deletion

Recent studies in mouse, involving the β-cell-specific deletion of Dicer1, have highlighted the crucial role of miRNAs (microRNAs) in regulating insulin secretion and consequently Type 2 diabetes. Identifying the individual miRNAs involved in human islet dysfunction may be of diagnostic and therapeutic interest. miRNA expression profiling of human islets isolated from donors with and without Type 2 diabetes may represent one of the first steps in the discovery of these specific miRNAs. The present review discusses some of the potential pitfalls and promises of such an approach.

The role of RNA oxidation in islet dysfunction in Type 2 diabetes

2021 ◽  
Vol 177 ◽  
pp. S88-S89
Author(s):  
Inga Sileikaite ◽  
Michael J. Davies ◽  
Thomas Mandrup-Poulsen ◽  
Clare L. Hawkins
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Rna Oxidation ◽  
Islet Dysfunction

scholarly journals Probe into the Target and Mechanism of Jianpi Xiaoke Prescription for Treating Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus through miRNA Expression Profiling

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Qiuyue Guo ◽  
Yunsheng Xu ◽  
Jie Li ◽  
Dan Luo ◽  
Jun Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Signaling Pathways ◽  
Mirna Expression ◽  
Expression Profiling ◽  
Target Genes ◽  
Cell Function ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Sequencing Data ◽  
Mirna Expression Profiling

Object. To probe into the target and molecular mechanism of Jianpi Xiaoke (JPXK) prescription in the treatment of type 2 diabetes through high-throughput microRNA (miRNA) sequencing. Methods. Ten of the 31 SPF male Wistar rats were randomly taken as the control group; the remaining rats were fed a high-sugar and high-fat diet, combined with Streptozotocin (STZ, 35 mg/kg) that induced a type 2 diabetes model. The model rats were randomly divided into model groups (n = 11) and the JPXK group (n = 10). After 8 weeks of JPXK intervention, we detected the function of islet cells through HE staining and ELISA. High-pass sequencing technology was adopted to identify the differential expression of miRNA to explore the target of JPXK treatment, assess the relevant target genes, conduct functional analysis, and lastly verify the sequencing data by qRT-PCR. Results. After treatment, FPG, FINS, and HOMA-IR levels of the treatment group improved significantly compared with those of the control group ( P < 0.05 ). Among the miRNAs differentially expressed between the model group and the control group, there were 7 reversals after JPXK treatment, including miR-1-3p, miR-135a-5p, miR-181d-5p, miR-206-3p, miR-215, miR-3473, and miR-547-3p (log2FC ≥ 1 or ≤ −1, P < 0.05 ). Besides, the 1810 target genes associated with these 7 miRNAs were assessed by multiMiR. According to the results of the GO and KEGG analyses, they were associated with biological processes (e.g., glucose transport and fat cell formation), and it covered multiple signaling pathways, capable of regulating islet cell function (e.g., MAPK, PI3K-Akt, Ras, AMPK, and HIF-1 signaling pathways). The PCR verification results were consistent with the sequencing results. Conclusion. This discovery interpreted the potential therapeutic targets and signaling pathways of JPXK prescription against T2DM based on miRNA expression profiling. In conclusion, our research provided novel research insights into traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) treatment of diabetes.

Diabetes Self-Management in African Americans: An Exploration of the Role of Fatalism

2003 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 105-115 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leonard E. Egede ◽  
Ramita J. Bonadonna
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
African Americans ◽  
Self Management ◽  
Spiritual Beliefs ◽  
Management Behavior ◽  
Four Dimensions ◽  
Psychology Theory ◽  
The Individual

PURPOSE This study was conducted to explore the concept of fatalism in relation to diabetes self-management behavior in African Americans with type 2 diabetes. METHODS Participants (n=39) were recruited from a clinic sample of African Americans with type 2 diabetes. Seven focus groups were conducted; the sessions were recorded, transcribed, and analyzed to identify themes related to fatalism and diabetes self-management. The ISAS paradigm (individual, symbols, audience, situation), a social psychology theory, provided the theoretical framework for the study. RESULTS Four dimensions of fatalism were identified: the meaning of diabetes, the illness experience, the individual's coping response, and the individual's religious and spiritual beliefs. For the participants in this study, fatalism seemed to characterize the nature of the interaction between the individual with diabetes and others, the meanings they attached to such interactions, and the decision to adopt an effective or ineffective diabetes self-management behavior. CONCLUSIONS Fatalism was associated with diabetes self-management in African Americans with diabetes and was multidimensional in this population; the construct appeared to differ conceptually from the perspective of current measures.

The role of oncostatin m in the development of type 2 diabetes associated with obesity

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Siri Taxeras ◽  
Irene Piquer-Garcia ◽  
Silvia Pellitero ◽  
Rocio Puig ◽  
Eva Martinez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Oncostatin M
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