The 24-Hour Plasma Thyrotrophin Profile

1972 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
pp. 71-77 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. C. Patel ◽  
F. P. Alford ◽  
H. G. Burger
Keyword(s):  
Peak Concentration ◽  
Plasma Concentrations ◽  
Circadian Variation ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Thyroid Stimulating Hormone ◽  
Specific Radioimmunoassay ◽  
Highly Sensitive ◽  
Tsh Secretion ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Normal Males

1. Daily fluctuations in the plasma concentrations of thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) and growth hormone (GH) have been studied in six normal males by using a 24 h continuous blood-sampling technique and a highly sensitive and specific radioimmunoassay for TSH. 2. In all subjects the plasma concentrations of the two hormones were increased at night. The TSH concentrations rose approx. 2 h before the onset of sleep but the peak concentration coincided with the GH peak 2 h after the commencement of sleep. In three subjects who slept in the afternoon, additional peaks of GH activity were found and in two cases peaks of TSH activity also occurred. 3. The mean data from all subjects showed a significant circadian variation of TSH secretion with a maximum between 2 a.m. and 4 a.m. and a minimum between 6 p.m. and 8 p.m.

Urinary excretion of glycated protein determined with a specific radioimmunoassay

1991 ◽  
Vol 37 (4) ◽  
pp. 504-507 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chizuko Ukita ◽  
Mitsushige Nishikawa ◽  
Akira Shouzu ◽  
Mitsuo Inada
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Excretion ◽  
Normal Subjects ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Specific Radioimmunoassay ◽  
Glycated Protein ◽  
Highly Sensitive ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group A ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Group B

Abstract We developed a simple and highly sensitive RIA for glycated protein (GP), and used it to measure GP in serum and urine from 15 normal controls and 30 diabetics (14 with urinary excretion rate of albumin, Ualb less than 15 micrograms/min, group A; nine with 15 less than or equal to Ualb less than or equal to 150 micrograms/min, group B; and seven with Ualb greater than 150 micrograms/min, group C). The mean serum concentration of GP was above normal in all groups of diabetics, and the mean glycation ratios of serum protein (SGP) were higher in groups B and C than in normal subjects. Urinary concentrations of GP also were increased in groups B and C, although the glycation ratio of urinary protein (UGP) was decreased in group C. Consequently, the selectivity of urinary excretion of GP (UGP/SGP) was significantly decreased in group C. Moreover, there was a significant difference in the mean values of selectivity between groups of patients with various degrees of retinopathy. We suggest that measurements of serum and urinary GP are useful to evaluate the progression of diabetic complications.

β-Neoendorphin inhibits thyrotrophin secretion in rats

1983 ◽  
Vol 104 (4) ◽  
pp. 437-442 ◽  
Author(s):  
Terunori Mitsuma ◽  
Tsuyoshi Nogimori
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Plasma Concentrations ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Thyrotrophin Releasing Hormone ◽  
Specific Radioimmunoassay ◽  
Tsh Secretion ◽  
Pretreated Group ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Tsh Levels

Abstract. The effects of β-neoendorphin on thyrotrophin-releasing hormone (TRH) and thyrotrophin (TSH) secretion in rats were studied. β-neoendorphin (500 μg/kg) was injected iv, and the rats were decapitated serially. TRH, TSH, thyroxine (T4) and 3,3',5-triiodothyronine (T3) were measured by means of a specific radioimmunoassay for each. Hypothalamic immunoreactive TRH (ir-TRH) content increased significantly after β-neoendorphin injection, and plasma concentrations tended to decrease, but not significantly so. Plasma TSH levels decreased significantly in a dose-related manner with a nadir at 40 min. Plasma T4 and T3 levels did not change after the injection. Plasma ir-TRH and TSH responses to cold were significantly inhibited by β-neoendorphin, but the plasma TSH response to TRH was not. Naloxone partially prevented the inhibitory effect of β-neoendorphin on TSH release. In the haloperidol- or 5-hydroxytryptophan-pretreated group, the inhibitory effect of β-neoendorphin on TSH release was prevented, but not in the l-dopa- or para-chlorophenylalanine-pretreated group. These drugs alone did not affect plasma TSH levels at the dose used. These findings suggest that β-neoendorphin acts on the hypothalamus by inhibiting TRH release, which may be modified by amines of the central nervous system.

The effects of insulin on TSH secretion and the morphology and physiology of the thyroid in the lizard Podarcis s. sicula

1996 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-45 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Capaldo ◽  
Vincenza Laforgia ◽  
Rosaria Sciarrillo ◽  
Antimo Cavagnuolo
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Gland ◽  
Thyroid Hormones ◽  
Plasma Concentrations ◽  
Thyroid Stimulating Hormone ◽  
Lizard Species ◽  
Podarcis Sicula ◽  
Tsh Secretion ◽  
Stimulating Hormone

AbstractInsulin was administered to Podarcis sicula in winter, when the thyroid gland is inhibited. The activity of the thyroid increased, plasma concentrations of thyroid hormones and hepatic 5'-monodeiodinase activity (MDA) increased, and thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) concentrations fell to undetectable values. This result confirms the influence of insulin on the activity of the thyroid gland in the lizard species studied. The mechanisms are still unclear, although there is evidence which leads us to believe that insulin is directly responsible for thyroid activation.

RADIOIMMUNOASSAY OF 3,3′-DI-IODOTHYRONINE IN UNEXTRACTED SERUM: THE EFFECT OF ENDOGENOUS TRI-IODOTHYRONINE

1978 ◽  
Vol 79 (3) ◽  
pp. 357-362 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. J. VISSER ◽  
L. M. KRIEGER-QUIST ◽  
R. DOCTER ◽  
G. HENNEMANN
Keyword(s):  
Human Serum ◽  
Limit Of Detection ◽  
Cross Reactivity ◽  
Transport Proteins ◽  
Normal Serum ◽  
Serum Concentrations ◽  
Specific Radioimmunoassay ◽  
Highly Sensitive ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Mean Concentration

The development of a highly sensitive and specific radioimmunoassay for 3,3′-di-iodothyronine (3,3′-T2) is described. The assay was applied to the measurement of 3,3′-T2 in unextracted human serum and used 8-anilino-l-naphthalene-sulphonic acid to inhibit the binding of 3,3′-T2 to serum transport proteins. The lower limit of detection of the assay was 2 fmol 3,3′-T2 per tube, which corresponded to 10 pmol 3,3′-T2/l serum. The mean concentration of 3,3′-T2 in normal serum was found to be 23 pmol/l, which is considerably lower than most values reported previously. Evidence is presented which suggests that the cross-reactivity of tri-iodothyronine with the antiserum to 3,3′-T2 is an important factor in the measurement of serum concentrations of 3,3′-T2 by radioimmunoassay.

Evidence of altered dopaminergic modulation of Prl, LH and TSH secretion in patients with normoprolactinaemic amenorrhoea

1984 ◽  
Vol 106 (1) ◽  
pp. 8-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claus Hagen ◽  
Karsten Petersen ◽  
Henning Djursing ◽  
Anders Nyboe Andersen
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Concentrations ◽  
Ideal Body Weight ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Hormonal Changes ◽  
Tsh Secretion ◽  
Basal Plasma ◽  
Hormone Responses ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Normal Women ◽  
Plasma Prl

Abstract. Basal plasma concentrations of Prl, LH, FSH, GH, TSH, T3, T4, resin T3 uptake (RT3U), and oestradiol as well as hormone responses to iv metoclopramide (MTC) were investigated in 16 consecutive patients with normoprolactinaemic, normogonadotrophic amenorrhoea. The control group consisted of 17 normal menstruating women between day 3 and 6 of the menstrual cycle. The mean age of the amenorrhoeic patients was 24.0 years (range 19 to 34) and the mean duration of amenorrhoea was 31 months (range 12 to 60). Amenorrhoeic patients had significantly (P < 0.05) lower basal levels of LH, oestradiol and RT3U, whereas other hormone levels were similar in the two groups. Plasma Prl and TSH concentrations rose significantly (P < 0.05) after the administration of MTC in the two groups. A significant positive correlation (r = 0.69 P < 0.01) was found between the TSH response to MTC and basal TSH levels in controls, but not in amenorrhoeic patients. Plasma LH levels increased significantly (P < 0.05) in amenorrhoeic patients, but not in controls. The Prl and TSH responses to MTC were significantly (P < 0.001) lower in amenorrhoeic patients than in normal women. In amenorrhoeic patients none of the hormonal parameters correlated significantly (P > 0.05) with the percentage of ideal body weight. It is concluded that the hormonal changes in amenorrhoeic patients may in part be caused by a raised dopaminergic acvitity leading to a depression of central ovulatory mechanisms.

Metabolic clearance rate in sheep of a met-enkephalin analogue estimated by radioimmunoassay

1982 ◽  
Vol 93 (3) ◽  
pp. 427-433 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. E. Bolton ◽  
J. H. Livesey ◽  
R. A. Donald
Keyword(s):  
Clearance Rate ◽  
Bolus Injection ◽  
Plasma Concentrations ◽  
Volume Of Distribution ◽  
Metabolic Clearance ◽  
Metabolic Clearance Rate ◽  
Time Intervals ◽  
Naturally Occurring ◽  
Specific Radioimmunoassay ◽  
The Mean

A sensitive and specific radioimmunoassay developed for measuring the met-enkephalin analogue d-ala2-met(0)5-ol-enkephalin (DAMME) was used to study the pharmacokinetics of DAMME in the circulation of sheep. Plasma concentrations of DAMME were measured at varying time-intervals after an intravenous bolus injection or following a constant intravenous infusion of the analogue. The mean metabolic clearance rate of DAMME was 2·8 ml/min per kg, the mean circulating half-life was 52 min and the mean volume of distribution was 190 ml/kg. The longer circulating time of the analogue when compared with that of naturally occurring met-enkephalin would appear to explain its prolonged analgesic effect.

Hypothalamo-pituitary regulation of thyrotrophin secretion in chronically catheterized Brattleboro rats

1985 ◽  
Vol 105 (2) ◽  
pp. 277-283 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. A. Wolf ◽  
J.-N. Hugues ◽  
S. Aratan-Spire ◽  
A. Reinberg ◽  
M.-J. Voirol ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Brattleboro Rats ◽  
Thyrotrophin Releasing Hormone ◽  
Specific Radioimmunoassay ◽  
Tsh Secretion ◽  
Repeated Sampling ◽  
Wet Weight ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Long Evans ◽  
And Control ◽  
Propyl Thiouracil

ABSTRACT Plasma TSH rhythms were measured in Brattleboro (DI) and control Long–Evans (LE) rats with an intracardiac catheter allowing repeated sampling in conscious unstressed animals. The TSH response to thyrotrophin-releasing hormone (TRH; 500 ng/100 g body weight) was also determined. Finally, hypothalamic and pancreatic TRH concentrations and TRH-degrading activity (TRH-DA) were measured by specific radioimmunoassay. Long–Evans rats had a 24-h rhythm with a major modulatory 8-h component. In DI rats, only the 24-h rhythm was detected. The mean 24-h rhythm-adjusted mean TSH level was higher in DI than in LE rats (1·38±0·05 and 1·14 ± 0·06 μg/l respectively, P<0·01). The peak TSH response to TRH was significantly increased in DI rats while the pituitary concentration of TSH was also higher (0·93 ± 0·09 vs 0·39± 0·06 μg/mg wet weight in LE, P<0·001). Hypothalamic TRH and TRH-DA were similar in both strains. The response to propyl-thiouracil-induced hypothyroidism was identical in both strains. We conclude that DI rats have a normal pituitary sensitivity to tri-iodothyronine but a central dysfunction in the pituitary environment leading to some alterations of TSH secretion. J. Endocr. (1985) 105, 277–283

scholarly journals Voriconazole Increases while Itraconazole Decreases Plasma Meloxicam Concentrations

2008 ◽  
Vol 53 (2) ◽  
pp. 587-592 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. V. Hynninen ◽  
K. T. Olkkola ◽  
L. Bertilsson ◽  
K. J. Kurkinen ◽  
T. Korhonen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Peak Concentration ◽  
Plasma Concentrations ◽  
Cytochrome P450 2C9 ◽  
Pharmacokinetics And Pharmacodynamics ◽  
Time Curve ◽  
Unbound Fraction ◽  
Control Phase ◽  
Concentration Time ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Plasma Concentration Time Curve

ABSTRACT This study investigated the effect of voriconazole, an inhibitor of cytochrome P450 2C9 (CYP2C9) and CYP3A4, and itraconazole, an inhibitor of CYP3A4, on the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of meloxicam. Twelve healthy volunteers in a crossover study ingested 15 mg of meloxicam without pretreatment (control), after voriconazole pretreatment, and after itraconazole pretreatment. The plasma concentrations of meloxicam, voriconazole, itraconazole, and thromboxane B2 (TxB2) generation were monitored. Compared to the control phase, voriconazole increased the mean area under the plasma concentration-time curve from 0 to 72 h (AUC0-72) of meloxicam by 47% (P < 0.001) and prolonged its mean half-life (t 1/2) by 51% (P < 0.01), without affecting its mean peak concentration (C max). In contrast, itraconazole decreased the mean AUC0-72 and C max of meloxicam by 37% (P < 0.001) and by 64% (P < 0.001), respectively, and prolonged its t 1/2 and time to C max. The plasma protein unbound fraction of meloxicam was unchanged by voriconazole and itraconazole. Lowered plasma meloxicam concentrations during the itraconazole phase were associated with decreased pharmacodymic effects of meloxicam, as observed by weaker inhibition of TxB2 synthesis compared to the control and voriconazole phases. Voriconazole increases plasma concentrations of meloxicam, whereas itraconazole, unexpectedly, decreases plasma meloxicam concentrations, possibly by impairing its absorption.

scholarly journals The Correlation Level Of Thyroid Stimulating Hormone Andthyroxinewith Spontaneus Abortion

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 127
Author(s):  
Yellyta Ulsafitri ◽  
Rahmatina Rahmatina
Keyword(s):  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Thyroid Stimulating Hormone ◽  
World Health ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Test Analysis ◽  
Pearson Correlation Test ◽  
Serum T4 ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Health Organization

Abortion is one of the causes of maternal death. The World Health Organization (WHO) estimates that 15-20% of maternal deaths are caused by abortion. Abnormal level of TSH and T4 during pregnancy will be at risk of abortion because the T4 hormone acts to regulate the body's metabolic processes. The purpose of this study to determine the relationship of TSH and T4 levels in the incidence of abortion.         The research design is observational with cross sectional approach which is implemented in regency general hospital of Dr. Rasidin, hospital of Dr. Reksodiwiryo,Bhayangkara hospital, Islam hospital of IbnuSina Padang, and Biomedical Laboratory Faculty of Medicine Andalas University in Padang from September to November 2017. The study population is all pregnant women with gestational age ≤ 20 weeks with diagnosis of abortion. The sample of research 58 respondents by using consecutive sampling technique Examination of TSH and T4 using ELISA method. Test the normality of data by Kolmogorov Smirnov test. Analysis of comparative data by using Pearson correlation test.         The conclusion of this study are the mean serum TSH level is 2.39 ± 1.59 mIU / I and the mean serum T4 level was 8.02 ± 1.43 μg / dl. There is no statistically significant relationship between TSH and T4 levels in aborted event, with p = 0.07 (p> 0,05), with r = -0,23, the relation test is weak, the direction was negative which means more high levels of TSH, the smaller  T4 levels in  mother abortion        The conclusion, the study proves that, there is no significant correlation between TSH and T4 levels in the incidence of abortion.

Bioavailability of Temazepam: Comparison of Four 7.5-mg Capsules with a Single 30-mg Capsule

1993 ◽  
Vol 27 (6) ◽  
pp. 695-699 ◽  
Author(s):  
Craig Abolin ◽  
Dar-Shong Hwang ◽  
Frank Mazza
Keyword(s):  
Peak Concentration ◽  
Dosage Form ◽  
Peak Plasma ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Plasma Concentrations ◽  
Latin Square ◽  
Open Label ◽  
Time To Peak ◽  
Rate Of Absorption ◽  
The Mean

OBJECTIVE: To compare the bioavailability of four temazepam 7.5-mg capsules (Restoril, Sandoz Pharmaceuticals) with that of a single temazepam 30-mg capsule. DESIGN: Single-dose, open-label, two-period, crossover (replicated Latin square). SETTING: Domiciled environment for clinical testing. PARTICIPANTS: Twenty-six healthy male volunteers aged 18–40 years; 25 completed the study. INTERVENTIONS: Subjects randomly received either four temazepam 7.5-mg capsules or one temazepam 30-mg capsule. Blood samples were drawn at various time points after each period (0-48 h), and analyzed for plasma concentration of temazepam. The washout period between doses was five days. MAIN OUTCOME MEASUREMENTS: Five parameters of both dosage forms were compared: (1) area under curve (AUC), (2) peak concentration (Cmax), (3) time to peak concentration (Tmax), (4) apparent rate constant for absorption, and (5) lag time for appearance of drug in plasma. Statistical procedures included ANOVA, power analysis, and confidence limits. RESULTS: The mean AUC for the four 7.5-mg capsules and one 30-mg capsule differed by less than 2 percent and the mean Cmax differed by less than 14 percent for the two dosage strengths; neither of these differences reached statistical significance (p>0.05). The 7.5-mg capsules reached peak plasma concentrations significantly faster than the 30-mg dosage form (mean Tmax 1.18 and 1.73 h, respectively; p=0.01). CONCLUSIONS: The two formulations of temazepam were bioequivalent with respect to the extent of bioavailability. Regarding the rate of absorption, however, the 7.5-mg capsules reached peak plasma concentrations significantly faster than the 30-mg dosage form.

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