The Effect of Vitamin D and Its Metabolites on Fracture Repair in Chicks

1983 ◽  
Vol 65 (4) ◽  
pp. 429-436 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Dekel ◽  
R. Salama ◽  
S. Edelstein
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Bone Formation ◽  
Vitamin D3 ◽  
Fracture Repair ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Clinical Implications ◽  
Torsional Stress ◽  
Active Vitamin ◽  
Dihydroxyvitamin D3 ◽  
24,25 Dihydroxyvitamin D3

1. One-day-old chicks were depleted of vitamin D. At 3 weeks their right tibiae, and those of a control group given vitamin D3, were fractured and pinned. After fracture the controls were kept on vitamin D3. Another group was left vitamin D-deficient. The remaining depleted chicks, divided into four groups, were given vitamin D3, 24,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 [24,25(OH)2D3], 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 [1,25(OH)2D3] or a combination of 24,25(OH)2D3 and 1,25(OH)2D3. 2. The callus obtained after 9 and 14 days was subjected to torsional stress. The callus of chicks given vitamin D continuously showed the greatest resistance, whereas that of vitamin D-deficient chicks showed the smallest resistance. Repletion with either vitamin D3 or its metabolites increased the strength of the callus. Repletion with the combination of 24,25(OH)2D3 and 1,25(OH)2D3 produced the most marked results, in that the callus was even stronger than that of chicks replete with vitamin D3. 3. It is concluded that 24,25(OH)2D3 is essential for bone formation in addition to the known active vitamin D metabolite 1,25(OH)2D3, and the possible clinical implications of these findings are discussed.

Metabolism of vitamin D in patients with primary biliary cirrhosis and alcoholic liver disease

1985 ◽  
Vol 69 (5) ◽  
pp. 561-570 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Barbara Mawer ◽  
H. J. Klass ◽  
T. W. Warnes ◽  
Jacqueline L. Berry
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Liver Disease ◽  
Primary Biliary Cirrhosis ◽  
Alcoholic Liver Disease ◽  
Vitamin D3 ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Biliary Cirrhosis ◽  
Vitamin D2 ◽  
Dihydroxyvitamin D3 ◽  
Poor Renal Function

1. The metabolism of isotopically labelled vitamin D2 and D3 has been investigated in eight patients with primary biliary cirrhosis and in five controls. The concentration of labelled vitamin D2 was lower than that of vitamin D3 in serum of patients with primary biliary cirrhosis on days 1 and 2 after intravenous injection (P < 0.005 and P < 0.05, respectively) but no difference was seen in controls. 2. Similar amounts of labelled 25-hydroxyvitamin D2 and D3 were seen in serum of the control group; the same pattern was observed in the primary biliary cirrhosis group, and no significant differences were observed between the two groups. 3. In both control and primary biliary cirrhosis groups, the serum concentration of labelled 24,25-dihydroxyvitamin D2 exceeded that of 24,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 (significant for controls on day 2, P < 0.02) but concentrations in the two groups were not different. 4. Concentrations of labelled 25,26-dihydroxyvitamin D3 were significantly higher than those of 25,26-dihydroxyvitamin D2 in the primary biliary cirrhosis group at all times and in the control group on days 2 and 3. Both 25,26-dihydroxyvitamin D2 and D3 were higher in the serum of patients with primary biliary cirrhosis than in controls (significant on day 1, P < 0.05). 5. Urinary excretion over days 0–3 of radioactivity from both vitamins D2 and D3 was significantly higher in the primary biliary cirrhosis group than in controls: 12.03 vs 1.80% for vitamin D2 and 8.98 vs 1.76% for vitamin D3(P < 0.005). Vitamin D2-derived urinary radioactivity in primary biliary cirrhosis correlated strongly with serum bilirubin (P = 0.005). 6. The metabolism of labelled vitamin D3 was studied in seven patients with alcoholic liver disease, three of whom showed low serum concentrations of labelled 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 suggesting impaired hepatic synthesis. The 25-hydroxylation response was quantified as the relative index of 25-hydroxylation and was significantly related to two other indices of liver function. It is concluded that impaired 25-hydroxylation of vitamin D may occur in alcoholic liver disease and results from hepatocellular dysfunction. 7. Less than the predicted amounts of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 were produced in four of the seven patients with alcoholic liver disease; this defect may be attributable in part to decreased precursor 25-hydroxyvitamin D and to poor renal function.

Effects of vitamin D and diet magnesium on magnesium metabolism

1980 ◽  
Vol 239 (6) ◽  
pp. E515-E523 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. S. Levine ◽  
N. Brautbar ◽  
M. W. Walling ◽  
D. B. Lee ◽  
J. W. Coburn
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Vitamin D3 ◽  
Tubular Reabsorption ◽  
Transport Processes ◽  
Separate Experiment ◽  
Dihydroxyvitamin D3 ◽  
Magnesium Metabolism ◽  
1,25 Dihydroxyvitamin D3 ◽  
24,25 Dihydroxyvitamin D3

Effects of 6-9 days of vitamin D3 (D3), 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 [1,25(OH)2D3], 24,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 [24,25(OH)2D3], or 1,24,25-trihydroxyvitamin D3 [1,24,25(OH)3D3] on Mg metabolism were studied in vitamin D-deficient (-D) rats. Mg absorption expressed as percent intake increased with 1,25(OH)2D3 and 1,24,25(OH)3D3. Urinary Mg (UMg) increased with no change in serum Mg (SMg) or Mg balance. 1,25(OH)2D3 was threefold more potent than 1,24,25(OH)3D3 in raising serum Ca and Mg absorption. In a separate experiment in pair-fed rats given D3, 1,25-(OH)2D3, or 1,24,25(OH)3D3, the diet contained either 0.03 or 0.2% Mg; 1,25(OH)2D3 and D3 lowered SMg after 3 days; UMg increased after 24 h to remain elevated. D3 and 1,25(OH)2D3 augmented Mg absorption; feeding 0.2% Mg lowered Mg absorption in -D animals. All sterols augmented Mg absorption in -D rats; both the earlier action of 1,25(OH)2D3 and 1,24,25(OH)3D3 suggests that 1-hydroxylation is necessary. Suppressed Mg absorption with 0.2% Mg in -D rats suggests two transport processes, with one vitamin D dependent. Higher UMg with decreased SMg with 1,25(OH)2D3 suggests reduced tubular reabsorption.

Effect of vitamin D3 metabolites on calcium and phosphorus metabolism in chick embryos

1985 ◽  
Vol 248 (3) ◽  
pp. E281-E285 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. E. Hart ◽  
H. F. DeLuca
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Embryonic Development ◽  
Vitamin D3 ◽  
Chorioallantoic Membrane ◽  
Sole Source ◽  
Chick Embryos ◽  
Dihydroxyvitamin D3 ◽  
Total Body Calcium ◽  
1,25 Dihydroxyvitamin D3 ◽  
24,25 Dihydroxyvitamin D3

The biochemical nature of the physiological defect found in chick embryos from hens supported on 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 as their sole source of vitamin D is described. Vitamin D-deficient hens (44-wk-old) were divided into six groups of five and dosed daily for 19 wk with either 2.0 micrograms of 25-hydroxyvitamin D3, 2.0 micrograms of 24,24-difluoro-25-hydroxy-vitamin D3, 0.4 micrograms of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3, 2.0 micrograms of 24,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3, 0.4 micrograms of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 plus 2.0 micrograms of 24,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3, or vehicle only. Normal embryonic development was found in eggs from hens given 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 or 24,24-difluoro-25-hydroxyvitamin D3, whereas embryos from hens given 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3, 24,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3, or their combination were abnormal and failed to hatch. Embryos from hens fed 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 and/or 24,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 had vitamin D deficiency: low bone ash, low plasma calcium, low total body calcium, and extremely high plasma phosphorus. Because the shell is the major source of calcium for the developing embryo, calcium transport from the shell to the embryos across the chorioallantoic membrane apparently fails, giving rise to the observed defects in embryonic development.

Influence of estrogen on renal vitamin D hydroxylases and serum 1alpha,25-(OH)2D3 in chicks.

1978 ◽  
Vol 235 (3) ◽  
pp. E338 ◽  
Author(s):  
J W Pike ◽  
E Spanos ◽  
K W Colston ◽  
I MacIntyre ◽  
M R Haussler
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Parathyroid Hormone ◽  
Vitamin D3 ◽  
Steroid Treatment ◽  
Vitamin D Metabolism ◽  
Dihydroxyvitamin D3 ◽  
Chick Kidney ◽  
24,25 Dihydroxyvitamin D3

The influence of estrogen on the metabolism of 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 was studied in 2- to 5-wk-old chicks. Single injections of at least 500 microgram diethylstibestrol (DES) increased the conversion of 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 to 1alpha,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 (1alpha,25-(OH)2D3) and suppressed the production of 24,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 in chick kidney homogenates. Acute (one 5-mg) injections of testosterone or progesterone did not enhance the 25-hydroxyvitamin D3-1alpha-hydroxylase, indicating specificity. However, chronic pretreatment with DES appeared to allow the potentiation of previously unstimulatory steroids such as progesterone and testosterone. In addition, the hormonal metabolite of vitamin D3, 1alpha,25-(OH)2D3, was measured in 4- to 6-wk chick plasma after steroid treatment. Greater than 1 mg DES per day for 5 days was necessary to enhance the circulating level of 1alpha,25-(OH)2D3; testosterone alone had no effect. This elevation was rapid, occurring within 12--24 h after injection. These data suggest that estrogen (as evidenced by DES treatment) is a modulator of vitamin D metabolism along with other known regulators such as parathyroid hormone, phosphate, and 1alpha,25-(OH)2D3. The mechanism of the regulation is as yet unknown.

scholarly journals Metabolism and pharmacokinetics of 24,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 in the vitamin D3-replete rat.

1985 ◽  
Vol 260 (25) ◽  
pp. 13625-13630
Author(s):  
K Jarnagin ◽  
S Y Zeng ◽  
M Phelps ◽  
H F DeLuca
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D3 ◽  
Dihydroxyvitamin D3 ◽  
24,25 Dihydroxyvitamin D3

Evaluation of the Relationship between Vitamin D Deficiency and Atherogenic Factors in Diabetic Patients with Metabolic Syndrome

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leila Akbarbaglu ◽  
Elham Nozari Mirarkolaei ◽  
Massoumeh Hotelchi ◽  
Abbas Khonakdar-Tarsi ◽  
Mahboobeh Ghanbari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Vitamin D ◽  
Serum Level ◽  
Total Cholesterol ◽  
Vitamin D3 ◽  
Atherogenic Index ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
25 Oh Vitamin D

Introduction: Metabolic syndrome includes a range of disorders that increase the risk of cardiovascular disease and diabetes mellitus. In this study, we examined the serum level of vitamin D3 in diabetic individuals with metabolic syndrome compared with non-diabetic individuals without metabolic syndrome and the association of serum vitamin D3 levels with metabolic syndrome and atherogenic factor (LDL/HDL). Material and Methods: In a case-control study, we included 110 women with metabolic syndrome according to ATP III criteria and 127 healthy women as a control group. Serum concentration of total cholesterol, LDL-C, FBS, HDL-C and serum triglyceride determined by enzymatic method and colorimetric and, serum level 25-(OH) vitamin D determined by ELISA. Results: It was found that the two healthy and metabolic groups were significantly different in terms of total cholesterol levels, LDL and triglyceride levels, HDL, VLDL, FBS, atherogenic index (LDL/HDL) and vitamin D levels (p<0.05). All participants in the control group and the patient and the whole study population were divided into two categories of insufficient and sufficient based on their measured serum concentrations of 25-(OH) vitamin D. There was a significant difference between the group with insufficient levels of vitamin D in comparison with the group with sufficient levels of vitamin D in terms of total cholesterol, LDL and triglyceride levels, HDL, VLDL, FBS and atherogenic index (LDL/HDL) (p=0.000). Conclusion: The present results showed that there is a significant relationship between level 25-(OH) D and atherogenic index (LDL/HDL) and the incidence of metabolic syndrome.

Intestinal absorption of calcium: role of dietary phosphate and vitamin D

1981 ◽  
Vol 241 (1) ◽  
pp. G49-G53
Author(s):  
N. Brautbar ◽  
B. S. Levine ◽  
M. W. Walling ◽  
J. W. Coburn
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Intestinal Absorption ◽  
Vitamin D3 ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Dihydroxyvitamin D3 ◽  
Dietary Phosphorus ◽  
P Concentration ◽  
Dietary Phosphate ◽  
Intestinal Ca Absorption

The intestinal absorption of calcium (Ca) has been shown to depend on vitamin D3, 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 [1,25(OH)2D3], and dietary phosphorus (P) concentration. This study was designed to evaluate the role of dietary P independent of vitamin D3 or 1,25(OH)2D3. Vitamin D-deficient rats were studied during dietary P restriction and were compared with control groups raised on a normal-phosphorus diet (NP). Balance studies were sued. Net intestinal Ca absorption was significantly lower with dietary P restriction compared with the NP group. This malabsorption of Ca was corrected by the administration of either D3 for 1,25(OH)2D3, despite hypophosphatemia. Everted gut sacs showed a marked reduction in the uptake of 45Ca in the duodenum, jejunum, and ileum during dietary P restriction. We concluded that dietary P concentration plays a major role in intestinal Ca absorption in the vitamin D-deficient rats. These findings suggest an effect of the low-phosphate diet on the vitamin D-dependent, Ca-transport mechanism.

scholarly journals Effects of 1,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D3 and Vitamin D3 on the Expression of the Vitamin D Receptor in Human Skeletal Muscle Cells

2014 ◽  
Vol 96 (3) ◽  
pp. 256-263 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rachele M. Pojednic ◽  
Lisa Ceglia ◽  
Karl Olsson ◽  
Thomas Gustafsson ◽  
Alice H. Lichtenstein ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Vitamin D ◽  
Vitamin D Receptor ◽  
Vitamin D3 ◽  
Human Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Muscle Cells ◽  
Skeletal Muscle Cells ◽  
Dihydroxyvitamin D3 ◽  
1,25 Dihydroxyvitamin D3 ◽  
Human Skeletal Muscle Cells

scholarly journals Vitamin D and Serum Cytokines in a Randomized Clinical Trial

2010 ◽  
Vol 2010 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eleanor Yusupov ◽  
Melissa Li-Ng ◽  
Simcha Pollack ◽  
James K. Yeh ◽  
Mageda Mikhail ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Placebo Group ◽  
Vitamin D3 ◽  
Intracellular Signaling ◽  
Final Visit ◽  
Active Vitamin ◽  
Gm Csf ◽  
Active Vitamin D ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Vitamin D3 Supplementation

Background. The role of vitamin D in the body's ability to fight influenza and URI's may be dependent on regulation of specific cytokines that participate in the host inflammatory response. The aim of this study was to test the hypothesis that vitamin D can influence intracellular signaling to regulate the production of cytokines.Subjects and Methods. This study was a 3-month prospective placebo-controlled trial of vitamin D3 supplementation in ambulatory adults [Li-Ng et al., 2009]. 162 volunteers were randomized to receive either 50 μg/d(2000 IU) of vitamin D3 or matching placebo. 25(OH)D and the levels of 10 different cytokines (IL-2, 4, 5, 6, 8, 10, 13, GM-CSF, IFN-γ, TNF-α) were measured in the serum of participants at baseline and the final visit. There were 6 drop-outs from the active vitamin D group and 8 from the placebo group.Results. In the active vitamin D group, we found a significant median percent decline in levels of GM-CSF (−62.9%,P<.0001), IFN-γ(−38.9%,P<.0001), IL-4 (−50.8%,P=.001), IL-8 (−48.4%,P<.0001), and IL-10 (−70.4%,P<.0001). In the placebo group, there were significant declines for GM-CSF (−53.2%,P=.0007) and IFN-γ(−34.4%,P=.0011). For each cytokine, there was no significant difference in the rate of decline between the two groups. 25(OH)D levels increased in the active vitamin D group from a mean of64.3±25.4 nmol/L to88.5±23.2 nmol/L.Conclusions. The present study did not show that vitamin D3 supplementation changed circulating cytokine levels among healthy adults.

Effects of Stratified Vitamin D Supplementation in Middle-Aged and Elderly Individuals with Vitamin D Insufficiency

2018 ◽  
Vol 50 (10) ◽  
pp. 747-753
Author(s):  
Yanhui Lu ◽  
Xiaomin Fu ◽  
Lili Zhang ◽  
Minyan Liu ◽  
Xiaoling Cheng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Vitamin D Deficiency ◽  
Vitamin D3 ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Vitamin D Insufficiency ◽  
Vitamin D Supplementation ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Oral Vitamin ◽  
Severe Vitamin

AbstractThe incidence of vitamin D deficiency is high globally, and vitamin D supplementation draws particular attention. The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of stratified vitamin D supplementation in middle-aged and elderly individuals with vitamin D insufficiency in Beijing. A total of 448 subjects aged over 40 years old were selected from a community in Beijing. Among them, 100 middle-aged and elderly people with vitamin D insufficiency were randomly selected on a voluntary basis. They were further divided into control group and intervention group. The control group received health education and lifestyle guidance, and the intervention group received lifestyle guidance and vitamin D supplementation for nine months. The doses were stratified as follows: for vitamin D insufficiency, oral vitamin D3 supplement was given at 5000 IU/w; for mild vitamin D deficiency, oral vitamin D3 supplement was given at 10 000 IU/w; for severe vitamin D deficiency, oral vitamin D3 supplement was given at 15 000 IU/w. Safety evaluation was conducted after three-month treatment. The intervention group consisted of 8%, 62%, and 30% of cases who had vitamin D insufficiency, mild vitamin D deficiency, and severe vitamin D deficiency, respectively, which were similar with the control group. It showed that the blood 25(OH)D level increased significantly in the intervention group, from 14.30±4.30 ng/ml to 33.62±6.99 ng/ml (p<0.001), in contrast to insignificant change in the control group. Stratified vitamin D supplementation effectively increased the blood 25(OH)D level, as well as the number of cases with corrected vitamin D insufficiency or deficiency.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document