Salt-sensitivity classification in normotensive adults

1999 ◽  
Vol 96 (5) ◽  
pp. 449-459 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard D. MATTES ◽  
Bonita FALKNER
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Sensitivity And Specificity ◽  
Predictive Power ◽  
Blood Pressure Response ◽  
Salt Sensitivity ◽  
Oral Glucose ◽  
Dietary Salt ◽  
Loading Test ◽  
Retest Reliability ◽  
Test Retest Reliability

The objectives of this study were to assess the reliability, sensitivity and specificity of salt-sensitivity classification in normotensive adults and to determine the predictive power of four clinical indices for salt-sensitivity. A total of 66 healthy, normotensive, free-living adults were administered 11-day salt-sensitivity diagnostic dietary salt challenges on two occasions to permit assessment of classification test–retest reliability. An oral glucose tolerance test, an acute saline loading test, gustatory testing and determination of salivary flow and sodium concentration were carried out to assess (by correlation analysis) their predictive power for salt-sensitivity. Following these procedures, 21 participants followed a reduced-sodium diet for 4 months, during which blood pressure was monitored monthly to allow evaluation of salt-sensitivity classification sensitivity and specificity. Regression was used to develop a predictive model for salt-sensitivity. Salt-sensitivity classification was not highly reliable (κ-value = 0.38), sensitive (0.73) or specific (0.60). No single index was highly predictive of classification status, but a model composed of five indices accounted for 92% of the variance in blood pressure response to acute salt challenge. The dietary salt challenge procedure used here for salt-sensitivity classification of normotensive adults had low test–retest reliability. While a battery of easily measured attributes may facilitate rapid salt-sensitivity classification, such a diagnosis provides only limited insight regarding blood pressure responsiveness to chronic dietary salt restriction in normotensive adults.

scholarly journals Chronotopic and blood pressure response to oral glucose load in chagas' disease

1994 ◽  
Vol 112 (3) ◽  
pp. 602-606 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Elena Guariento ◽  
Elza Olga ◽  
Ana Muscelli ◽  
José Antonio Rocha Gontijo
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Cardiovascular Response ◽  
Blood Pressure Response ◽  
Serum Insulin ◽  
Oral Glucose ◽  
Oral Glucose Load ◽  
Autonomic Nervous System Dysfunction ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Pressor Responses ◽  
Insulin Activity

Cardiac chronotropic and pressor responses after an oral load of glucose were assessed in sixteen Chagasic subjects and 28 controls by means of blood pressure and pulse rate measurements. Cardiovascular response was correlated with serum insulin and glucose levels. The experiment identified a subgroup of Chagasic subjects (n=8) with a hypoinsulinemic behavior presenting less chronotropic and pressor responses than controls. This may indicate a lower insulin activity and/or an early Autonomic Nervous System dysfunction in this subgroup.

scholarly journals The Relevance of Insomnia in the Diagnosis of Perinatal Depression: Validation of the Italian Version of the Insomnia Symptom Questionnaire

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (23) ◽  
pp. 12507
Author(s):  
Lavinia De Chiara ◽  
Cristina Mazza ◽  
Eleonora Ricci ◽  
Alexia Emilia Koukopoulos ◽  
Georgios D. Kotzalidis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Convergent Validity ◽  
Predictive Power ◽  
Discriminant Validity ◽  
Late Pregnancy ◽  
Italian Version ◽  
Retest Reliability ◽  
Dsm 5 ◽  
Insomnia Symptom ◽  
Symptom Questionnaire ◽  
Test Retest Reliability

Background. Sleep disorders are common in perinatal women and may underlie or trigger anxiety and depression. We aimed to translate and validate and evaluate the psychometric properties of the Italian version of the Insomnia Symptom Questionnaire (ISQ), in a sample of women during late pregnancy and 6-months postpartum according to the DSM-5 criteria. Methods. The ISQ was administered to 292 women prenatally along with other measures of sleep quality, depression, and anxiety, to examine its construct and convergent validity. Women were readministered the ISQ six months postdelivery to assess test–retest reliability. Women were divided into DSM-5 No-Insomnia (N = 253) and Insomnia (N = 39) groups. Results. The insomnia group had received more psychopharmacotherapy, had more psychiatric family history, increased rates of medically assisted reproduction, of past perinatal psychiatric disorders, and scored higher on almost all TEMPS-A dimensions, on the EPDS, HCL-32, PSQI, and on ISQ prenatally and postnatally. ISQ scores correlated with all scales, indicating adequate convergent and discriminant validity; furthermore, it showed antenatal–postnatal test–retest reliability, 97.5% diagnostic accuracy, 79.5% sensitivity, 94.9% specificity, 70.5% positive predictive power, and 92.8% negative predictive power. Conclusions. The ISQ is useful, valid, and reliable for assessing perinatal insomnia in Italian women. The Italian version showed equivalent properties to the original version.

scholarly journals European Portuguese Version of the Clinical Frailty Scale: Translation, Cultural Adaptation and Validation Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 34 (13) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mário Pereira Pinto ◽  
Sónia Martins ◽  
Edgar Mesquita ◽  
Lia Fernandes
Keyword(s):  
Sensitivity And Specificity ◽  
Validation Study ◽  
Convergent Validity ◽  
Outpatient Clinics ◽  
Clinical Frailty Scale ◽  
Retest Reliability ◽  
European Portuguese ◽  
Tilburg Frailty Indicator ◽  
Test Retest Reliability ◽  
Frailty Indicator

Introduction: This study aims to describe the translation and adaptation of the European Portuguese Clinical Frailty Scale and assess its convergent validity and test-retest reliability.Material and Methods: This validation study included a sample of elderly people admitted in two convalescence units from the National Network of Integrated Continuous Care in Northern Portugal and followed in two outpatient clinics of social solidarity institutions. Convergent validity of the scale was evaluated, against Tilburg Frailty Indicator. Test-retest reliability, sensitivity and specificity were assessed.Results: Overall, 51 patients were included (mean age = 78 years old). The Clinical Frailty Scale identified 43.1% patients with frailty. Kappa values for test-retest reliability (non-frail/frail) was 1.00. The intraclass correlation coefficient for the 9-point total scale was 0.999. A correlation between Clinical Frailty Scale and Tilburg Frailty Indicator was also found (rs = 0.683; p < 0.001). The Cohen’s kappa coefficient was 0.423 in the agreement analysis between these scales. The results for sensitivity and specificity defined that 62.0% of patients were true positives and 81.8% true negatives. The scale accuracy determined by the receiver operating characteristics curve analysis was 0.782.Discussion: This scale showed an excellent test-retest reliability. Robust results on convergent validity were also achieved, with a moderate correlation and agreement with the Tilburg Frailty Indicator, showing good sensitivity and accuracy, as well as high specificity.Conclusion: This version has an excellent test-retest reliability and good convergent validity, and is both a reliable and valid test for application in clinical practice for assessing Portuguese elderly population admitted in convalescence units and outpatient clinics.

ERRATUM

2002 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 481-481
Author(s):  
WILLIAM B. BARR ◽  
MICHAEL McCREA
Keyword(s):  
Confidence Interval ◽  
Sensitivity And Specificity ◽  
Neurocognitive Testing ◽  
Reliable Change ◽  
Retest Reliability ◽  
Sports Concussion ◽  
The Third ◽  
Test Retest Reliability

The following is a correction for an error that occurred in the Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society, Vol. 7, No. 6. The error occurred in the article titled “Sensitivity and specificity of standardized neurocognitive testing immediately following sports concussion,” pp. 693–702, by Barr and McCrea. On page 696, under the subheading “Test-Retest Reliability and Reliable Change Cut-off Scores”, the confidence interval in the third sentence should read “−2.21, +2.59”, rather than “±2.59”.

HETEROGENEITY OF BLOOD PRESSURE RESPONSE TO VOLUME EXPANSION AND DEPLETION MANOEUVRE DURING THE GRIM TEST OF SALT-SENSITIVITY

2000 ◽  
Vol 18 ◽  
pp. S33-S34
Author(s):  
F. Galletti ◽  
C. Zoccali ◽  
F. Mallamaci ◽  
A. Barbato ◽  
P. Strazzullo
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Volume Expansion ◽  
Blood Pressure Response ◽  
Salt Sensitivity ◽  
Pressure Response

Abstract 11: Single Cell Eccite-seq Analysis Reveal An Important Role Of Monocyte-specific Nlrp3 Inflammasome For Salt-sensitivity Of Hypertension In Humans

Hypertension ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 78 (Suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ashley L Pitzer ◽  
Melis Sahinoz ◽  
Michael Raddatz ◽  
Celestine Wanjalla ◽  
Suman Pakala ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Flow Cytometry ◽  
Nlrp3 Inflammasome ◽  
Immune Cell ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Salt Sensitivity ◽  
Dietary Salt ◽  
Salt Loading ◽  
Salt Diet ◽  
Salt Depletion

Salt sensitivity of blood pressure is an independent predictor of death due to cardiovascular events. Diagnosis of salt-sensitivity is not feasible in the clinic, making it difficult to investigate therapeutic strategies. We hypothesized that NLRP3-inflammasome and IL-1β production in monocytes plays a role in salt-sensitive hypertension. We phenotyped salt-sensitivity of blood pressure using an acute inpatient Weinberger protocol of an isocaloric high salt diet and rapid intravenous salt-loading, followed by low salt diet and furosemide-induced salt-depletion. Ambulatory blood pressure was continuously monitored and averaged for the days of salt-loading and salt-depletion. Blood samples were obtained at baseline, salt-loading, and after salt-depletion. Median age was 54 years (44-55), 3 of the 5 subjects were female, screening systolic blood pressure was 140 mmHg (134-148), diastolic blood pressure was 88 mmHg (84-99), and BMI was 35 kg/m 2 (30-39). Using cell hashing and ECCITE-seq analysis, we profiled transcriptomes in multiple immune cell types using antibody-derived tags (ADTs). UMAP clustering of different cell types were identified by ADTs including monocyte markers CD14 and CD16. Interestingly, UMAP visualization of CD14+ and CD16+ clusters indicated a greater decrease in CD14+ clusters after salt-depletion in the salt-resistant subjects than the salt-sensitive; however the salt-sensitive subjects had a greater decrease in CD16+ clusters than the salt-resistant group after both salt-loading and salt-depletion. These data were confirmed using flow cytometry. Unlike in salt-resistant participants, we found that within monocyte clusters, salt-sensitivity was associated with down regulation of the inflammasome components NLRP3 (0.386 ± 1.18 vs. 0.197 ± 0.778) and IL-1β (0.858 ± 2.32 vs. 0.159 ± 0.925) following salt-depletion. Using flow cytometry, we found Δ% isoLG+ CD14+/CD16+ monocytes correlated with salt-sensitivity of blood pressure (r=0.88, 95% CI, p=0.05). These results suggest that the inflammasome and monocyte activation are dynamically regulated by dietary salt in vivo and can serve as a potential diagnostic biomarker for salt-sensitivity of blood pressure.

scholarly journals RELIABILITY AND VALIDITY OF HYPOTHETICAL SCENARIOS FOR ESTIMATING WILLINGNESS TO PAY (WTP) PER QUALITY ADJUSTED LIFE YEAR (QALY) IN INDONESIA SETTING

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. 288
Author(s):  
Susi Ari Kristina ◽  
Dwi Endarti ◽  
Tri Murti Andayani ◽  
M. Rifqi Rokhman
Keyword(s):  
Sensitivity And Specificity ◽  
Convergent Validity ◽  
Terminal Illness ◽  
Validity And Reliability ◽  
Treatment Scenario ◽  
Predictive Values ◽  
Retest Reliability ◽  
Group Validity ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Test Retest Reliability

Objective: To estimate validity and reliability of WTP questionnaire which WTP value can be taken as an indication of the monetary value of health gains, which may carry information regarding the appropriate height of the cost-effectiveness threshold.Methods: Three hundred respondents, in Yogyakarta province, Indonesia, were interviewed during June 2017. We examine a value of WTP associated with the following scenarios: 1) improving moderate condition; 2) extending life during terminal illness, and 3) lifesaving. The interview ascertained maximum hypothetical WTP for one QALY using a dichotomous bidding format with an open-ended final question, along with questions about the socio-economic factors. Concerning validity, the WTP of the 3 versions of hypothetical scenarios were compared as known-group validity and analysis of the sensitivity and specificity was performed. Test-retest reliability and alpha Cronbach were employed to measure internal consistency.Results: Analysis generally confirmed the validity and reliability of the WTP hypothetical scenarios. In terms of known group validity, there was significant difference across two scenarios (treatment v. s lifesaving), but no significant difference between mean WTP for treatment and terminal illness was found. Mean WTP for terminal illness (38 Million IDR) and lifesaving scenario (16 Million IDR) was significantly higher than that of treatment scenario (14 Million IDR). The WTP instrument showed good convergent validity (r=0.784), when comparing correlation between WTP value and utility score. Estimation of scenario’s sensitivity and specificity in deriving expected WTP were 70.33 % and 38.98 %, respectively. The positive and negative predictive values were 64 % and 46 %. The test-retest reliability of WTP values indices excellent stability and reliability of the instrument with Spearman’s rank correlation coefficient of 0.816 (p<0.001)Conclusion: This study demonstrated that the WTP instrument is feasible and relatively reliable for measuring the WTP values in Indonesia. For wider application of the instrument, its validity should be investigated further. Meanwhile, adoption of WTP as an empirical evidence of societal values is encouraged. 

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document