Relationship between fascicle size and perineurial collagen IV content in diabetic and control human peripheral nerve

2000 ◽  
Vol 36 (6) ◽  
pp. 551-555 ◽  
Author(s):  
P E Williams ◽  
A Lowry ◽  
R Hill ◽  
E Masson
Keyword(s):  
Peripheral Nerve ◽  
Collagen Iv ◽  
And Control

scholarly journals Specificity of the glial fibrillary acidic protein for astroglia.

1977 ◽  
Vol 25 (6) ◽  
pp. 466-469 ◽  
Author(s):  
A Bignami ◽  
D Dahl
Keyword(s):  
Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein ◽  
Peripheral Nerve ◽  
Sodium Dodecyl ◽  
Acidic Protein ◽  
Main Constituent ◽  
Neurofilament Protein ◽  
Precipitin Line ◽  
Sciatic Nerves ◽  
Protein Staining ◽  
And Control

Glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFA) is the main constituent of glial filaments and the close similarity of GFA and neurofilament protein has been recently reported. However, the immunofluorescence staining of peripheral nerve which may be observed with GFA antisera is not due to cross-reaction between GFA and neurofilament protein. Staining of peripheral axons was also observed with control sera obtained by injecting the rabbits with nonimmunogenic GFA preparations isolated with the same procedure. Immune GFA antisera and control sera reacted with sodium dodecyl sulfate extracts of sciatic nerve. However, the precipitin line formed with peripheral nerve crossed the line against GFA protein, thus indicating nonidentity between the two antigens. Buffer extract of sciatic nerves that had been incubated with spinal cord reacted by immunodiffusion with GFA antisera, thus indicating that redistribution of GFA occurred under these conditions.

Side-to-Side Nerve Grafts Sustain Chronically Denervated Peripheral Nerve Pathways During Axon Regeneration and Result in Improved Functional Reinnervation

Neurosurgery ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 68 (6) ◽  
pp. 1654-1666 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adil Ladak ◽  
Paul Schembri ◽  
Jaret Olson ◽  
Esther Udina ◽  
Neil Tyreman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Peripheral Nerve ◽  
Axon Regeneration ◽  
Surgical Repair ◽  
Progressive Failure ◽  
Nerve Repair ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Nerve Stump ◽  
Sprague Dawley Rats ◽  
Distal Nerve ◽  
And Control

Abstract BACKGROUND: Progressive atrophy of Schwann cells in denervated nerve stumps is a major reason for progressive failure of functional recovery after peripheral nerve injury and surgical repair. OBJECTIVE: To examine whether side-to-side nerve bridges between an intact donor nerve and a recipient denervated distal nerve stump promote nerve growth and in turn, protect distal nerve stumps to improve axon regeneration after delayed surgical repair. METHODS: In Sprague-Dawley rats, 1 or 3 side-to-side common peroneal (CP) nerve bridges were used to bridge between the donor intact tibial (TIB) nerve and a recipient denervated CP distal nerve stump in the contralateral hind limb. No bridges were placed in control animals. After 4 months, either a fluorescent retrograde dye was applied to back-label TIB motoneurons with axons that had grown into the CP nerve stump or the proximal and distal CP nerve stumps were resutured in experimental and control animals to encourage CP nerve regeneration for 5 months. Retrograde dyes were again applied to count CP motoneurons that regenerated their axons through protected and unprotected nerve stumps. RESULTS: Significantly more donor TIB motoneurons regenerated axons into the recipient denervated CP nerve stump through 3 side-to-side CP nerve bridges compared with 1 bridge. This TIB nerve protection significantly increased the number of CP motoneurons regenerating axons through the denervated CP nerve stumps, the number of regenerated axons, and the weight of the reinnervated muscles. CONCLUSION: Multiple side-to-side nerve bridges protect chronically denervated nerve stumps to improve axon regeneration and target reinnervation after delayed nerve repair.

scholarly journals Effects of Experimental Hyperthyroidism on Collagen IV and Laminin-α5 Gene Expression in Balb/C Mouse Seminiferous Tubules

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saeed Sadeghi ◽  
Mahdi Jalali ◽  
Mohammad Reza Nikravesh ◽  
Mojtaba Sankian
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Seminiferous Tubule ◽  
Evolutionary Process ◽  
Collagen Iv ◽  
Seminiferous Tubules ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Weak Reaction ◽  
Type Iv ◽  
And Control ◽  
Experimental Group

Background: Hyperthyroidism is one of the disorders of the thyroid gland, an organ that controls the cellular and molecular behaviors of the seminiferous tubule basement membrane (BM), and ultimately, influences its evolutionary process. We aimed to investigate the effects of hyperthyroidism on immunohistochemical characteristics and gene expression levels of collagen IV and laminin-α5 in seminiferous tubules BM of Balb/C mice. Materials and Methods: Twenty male Balb/C mice were divided into experimental and control groups. The experimental group received 500 mg/l of levothyroxine (L-thyroxine) diluted in drinking water for two months to inducing hyperthyroidism, which was confirmed by radioimmunoassay. At the end of the study, the mice were sacrificed, and their testes were extracted for immunohistochemistry and real-time polymerase chain reaction assays. Results: Although a weak reaction was observed in the experimental specimens, no significant enhancement was noted in color intensity of type IV collagen in the seminiferous tubules BM of the experimental group as compared to the control group (P>0.05). Collagen IV gene expression results in the experimental group were not significantly different from the controls (P>0.05). Thus, there was a significant increase in laminin α5 gene expression compared to the control group (P=0.016). Conclusion: Considering the key role of collagen IV and laminin-α5 in the seminiferous tubule BM in the testes, the results of this study indicated that hyperthyroidism has important effects on both structures and functions of these two components. [GMJ.2019;8:e1369]

scholarly journals NEURODYNAMIC MOBILIZATION REDUCES INTRANEURAL FIBROSIS AFTER SCIATIC CRUSH LESION IN RATS

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 54-62
Author(s):  
Êmyle Martins Lima ◽  
Herman Henrique Silva Santana ◽  
Alena Peixoto Medrado ◽  
Ana Maria Blanco Martinez ◽  
Abrahão Fontes Baptista
Keyword(s):  
Mast Cells ◽  
Peripheral Nerve ◽  
Blood Vessels ◽  
Nerve Lesion ◽  
Collagen Deposition ◽  
Nerve Crush ◽  
Peripheral Nerve Lesions ◽  
And Control ◽  
Crush Lesion ◽  
The Impact

Peripheral nerve lesions may be associated with abnormal scarring that lead to regenerative failure and dysfunction. Neurodynamic mobilization (NM) imposes controlled mechanical loads on the peripheral nerve and may influence inflammation and collagen deposition after a lesion. However, there is lack of experimental data to support these claims. Objective: To evaluate the impact of NM in the intraneural number of mast cells, collagen deposition and number of blood vessels after an ischiatic crush lesion in rats. Methods: This is a laboratory animal study, where 20 rats (Rattus norvegicus) were randomly divided into two groups, NM (n=10) and control (n=10), submitted to a right ischiatic nerve lesion. A tensioning NM began 10 days after lesion, and was maintained once a day, six times a week, for three weeks. After this period, the animals were euthanized and the nerves assessed for the number of mast cells, collagen area and number of blood vessels. Results: NM led to a lower number of degranulated mast cells (Kruskal-Wallis=0.29 p<0.05), organization of collagen deposition (Kruskal-Wallis = 0.01, p<0.05 ).  There was no influence of NM on the number of intraneural blood vessels (Kruskal-Wallis=0.46 p<0.05). Conclusion: NM started 10 days after a ischiatic nerve crush lesion modulates the inflammatory process and prevents random deposition of collagen at the lesion site, but has no influence on blood vessels formation.

scholarly journals EpimediumExtract Promotes Peripheral Nerve Regeneration in Rats

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuhui Kou ◽  
Zhiyong Wang ◽  
Zhihong Wu ◽  
Peixun Zhang ◽  
Yu Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Peripheral Nerve ◽  
Nerve Regeneration ◽  
Nerve Repair ◽  
Peripheral Nerve Regeneration ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Wet Weight ◽  
Sciatic Functional Index ◽  
And Control ◽  
Better Than

Effects ofEpimediumextract and its constituent icariin on peripheral nerve repair were investigated in a crush injury rat model. Animals were divided into four groups: sham, control,Epimediumextract, and icariin groups. At postoperative weeks 1, 2, 4, and 8, nerve regeneration and functional recovery were evaluated by sciatic functional index (SFI), nerve electrophysiology, nerve pinch test, and muscle wet weight. Results showed that at 2 and 4 weeks after surgery rats in theEpimediumgroup displayed a better recovery of nerve function than that in the icariin and control groups, with better recovery in the icariin group than in the control group. The nerve pinch test showed that nerve regeneration was greater in theEpimediumgroup and the icariin group as compared to the control group. In addition, the muscle wet weight in theEpimediumgroup was significantly improved when compared with the icariin group, and the improvement in the icariin group was better than that in the control group at 8 weeks after operation. Our findings suggest thatEpimediumextract effectively promotes peripheral nerve regeneration and improves the function of damaged nerves.

Alteration of peripheral nerve function in the rat after prolonged outdoor cold exposure

1963 ◽  
Vol 204 (2) ◽  
pp. 359-362 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Keith Miller ◽  
Laurence Irving
Keyword(s):  
Peripheral Nerve ◽  
Conduction Velocity ◽  
Cold Exposure ◽  
Prolonged Exposure ◽  
Nerve Function ◽  
Electrical Characteristics ◽  
Peripheral Nerve Function ◽  
Adaptive Nature ◽  
And Control

Electrical characteristics of in vitro preparations of the ventral tail nerve were compared in rats exposed for 6 months to outdoor winter cold and control rats kept indoors at 24 C. Determinations of conduction velocity, excitability, and action potential height demonstrated changes in nerve function following outdoor cold exposure. Differences between nerves of outdoor and indoor rats were greatest at higher nerve temperatures (35 C), becoming less at lower temperatures, until no differences were present at 5 C. Conduction velocity showed the greatest changes with cold exposure. Excitability changes could only be demonstrated with stimulus durations less than .1 msec. No differences in absolutely refractory period were seen between cold-exposed and control rats. In general, changes that occurred with cold exposure resulted only in a decrease in the functions examined. The results show that changes in peripheral nerve function can occur in nonhibernating mammals following prolonged exposure to climatic cold, but that these changes are not necessarily of an adaptive nature.

scholarly journals Changes in Hind Paw Epidermal Thickness, Peripheral Nerve Distribution and Mechanical Sensitivity After Immobilization in Rats

2012 ◽  
pp. 643-647 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. NAKANO ◽  
Y. SEKINO ◽  
Y. HAMAUE ◽  
J. SAKAMOTO ◽  
T. YOSHIMURA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Peripheral Nerve ◽  
Ankle Joint ◽  
Time Course ◽  
Glabrous Skin ◽  
Epidermal Thickness ◽  
Mechanical Sensitivity ◽  
Histological Changes ◽  
Mechanical Hypersensitivity ◽  
And Control ◽  
Plaster Casts

This study was designed to investigate histological changes in skin tissue accompanying immobilization-induced hypersensitivity. Changes in mechanical sensitivity, epidermal thickness, and peripheral nerve profiles in the upper dermis were examined in glabrous skin of rat hind paw after 1, 2, and 4 weeks of ankle joint immobilization by plaster casts. Induction of mechanical hypersensitivity was confirmed after 2 and 4 weeks of joint immobilization. Epidermal thinning and increase in peripheral nerve profiles were observed in skin tissues in immobilized rats. The time course of epidermal thinning and increase in peripheral nerve profiles were similar closely to that of hypersensitivity, with significant differences between the immobilized and control rats after 2 weeks of immobilization, which became even more remarkable at 4 weeks of immobilization. These findings suggest that joint immobilization by cast induces epidermal thinning and increases peripheral nerve profiles in the upper dermis and that these changes might be partly responsible for immobilization-induced hypersensitivity.

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