scholarly journals NEURODYNAMIC MOBILIZATION REDUCES INTRANEURAL FIBROSIS AFTER SCIATIC CRUSH LESION IN RATS

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 54-62
Author(s):  
Êmyle Martins Lima ◽  
Herman Henrique Silva Santana ◽  
Alena Peixoto Medrado ◽  
Ana Maria Blanco Martinez ◽  
Abrahão Fontes Baptista
Keyword(s):  
Mast Cells ◽  
Peripheral Nerve ◽  
Blood Vessels ◽  
Nerve Lesion ◽  
Collagen Deposition ◽  
Nerve Crush ◽  
Peripheral Nerve Lesions ◽  
And Control ◽  
Crush Lesion ◽  
The Impact

Peripheral nerve lesions may be associated with abnormal scarring that lead to regenerative failure and dysfunction. Neurodynamic mobilization (NM) imposes controlled mechanical loads on the peripheral nerve and may influence inflammation and collagen deposition after a lesion. However, there is lack of experimental data to support these claims. Objective: To evaluate the impact of NM in the intraneural number of mast cells, collagen deposition and number of blood vessels after an ischiatic crush lesion in rats. Methods: This is a laboratory animal study, where 20 rats (Rattus norvegicus) were randomly divided into two groups, NM (n=10) and control (n=10), submitted to a right ischiatic nerve lesion. A tensioning NM began 10 days after lesion, and was maintained once a day, six times a week, for three weeks. After this period, the animals were euthanized and the nerves assessed for the number of mast cells, collagen area and number of blood vessels. Results: NM led to a lower number of degranulated mast cells (Kruskal-Wallis=0.29 p<0.05), organization of collagen deposition (Kruskal-Wallis = 0.01, p<0.05 ).  There was no influence of NM on the number of intraneural blood vessels (Kruskal-Wallis=0.46 p<0.05). Conclusion: NM started 10 days after a ischiatic nerve crush lesion modulates the inflammatory process and prevents random deposition of collagen at the lesion site, but has no influence on blood vessels formation.

scholarly journals The Parameters of Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation Are Critical to Its Regenerative Effects When Applied Just after a Sciatic Crush Lesion in Mice

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diana Cavalcante Miranda de Assis ◽  
Êmyle Martins Lima ◽  
Bruno Teixeira Goes ◽  
João Zugaib Cavalcanti ◽  
Alaí Barbosa Paixão ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Peripheral Nerve ◽  
Nerve Regeneration ◽  
Nerve Stimulation ◽  
Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation ◽  
Peripheral Nerve Regeneration ◽  
Light And Electron Microscopy ◽  
Nerve Crush ◽  
Electrical Nerve Stimulation ◽  
The Right ◽  
Crush Lesion

We investigated the effect of two frequencies of transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) applied immediately after lesion on peripheral nerve regeneration after a mouse sciatic crush injury. The animals were anesthetized and subjected to crushing of the right sciatic nerve and then separated into three groups: nontreated, Low-TENS (4 Hz), and High-TENS (100 Hz). The animals of Low- and High-TENS groups were stimulated for 2 h immediately after the surgical procedure, while the nontreated group was only positioned for the same period. After five weeks the animals were euthanized, and the nerves dissected bilaterally for histological and histomorphometric analysis. Histological assessment by light and electron microscopy showed that High-TENS and nontreated nerves had a similar profile, with extensive signs of degeneration. Conversely, Low-TENS led to increased regeneration, displaying histological aspects similar to control nerves. High-TENS also led to decreased density of fibers in the range of 6–12 μm diameter and decreased fiber diameter and myelin area in the range of 0–2 μm diameter. These findings suggest that High-TENS applied just after a peripheral nerve crush may be deleterious for regeneration, whereas Low-TENS may increase nerve regeneration capacity.

Computerized tomography of peripheral nerve lesions

1983 ◽  
Vol 59 (1) ◽  
pp. 131-136 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen K. Powers ◽  
David Norman ◽  
Michael S. B. Edwards
Keyword(s):  
Peripheral Nerve ◽  
Computerized Tomography ◽  
Anatomical Location ◽  
Nerve Lesion ◽  
Peripheral Nerve Lesion ◽  
Nerve Lesions ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Peripheral Nerve Lesions ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
Fine Print

✓ Nine patients with a peripheral nerve lesion (six intrinsic and three extrinsic) were evaluated with computerized tomography (CT). In all but one instance, the CT scans gave useful information regarding the anatomical location, size, and relationship of the lesion to surrounding structures. These cases illustrate the usefulness of CT as a diagnostic tool in the evaluation of peripheral nerve lesions.

scholarly journals Study on the Dynamic Compound Structure Composed of Mast Cells, Blood Vessels, and Nerves in Rat Acupoint

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luo Mingfu ◽  
Dong Xiaotong ◽  
Song Xiaojing ◽  
Jiang Jin ◽  
Zhann Jinling ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mast Cells ◽  
Blood Vessels ◽  
Circulation System ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Compound Structure ◽  
Cell Recruitment ◽  
Close Relationship ◽  
Staining Techniques ◽  
And Migration ◽  
And Control

Background. Circulation system, immunity system, and nervous system have a close relationship with meridian phenomen. However, there is still lack of the results of dynamic changes of these structures in acupoint. The aim of this study is to explore the interrelationship by composite staining techniques.Methodology/Principal Findings. Twenty rats were separated into electroacupuncture group (EA) and control group (Con) randomly. In EA group, the Zusanli and Weishu were stimulated with the 0.1 mA for 25 min. The tissue of these acupoints was double-stained with acetylcholinesterase and Toluidine blue. The compound structure of mast cells, nervous fibers, and mast cells in the acupoint was observed.Conclusions/Significance. The blood vessels, mast cells and acetylcholinesterase responded nerves were clearly observed in acupoint tissues. EA can result in the mast cell recruitment and migration along the blood vessels and nervous bundle, which conformed the dynamic compound structure and played important roles in acupuncture.

scholarly journals Mast cells can contribute to axon–glial dissociation and fibrosis in peripheral nerve

2007 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 233-244 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kelly R. Monk ◽  
Jianqiang Wu ◽  
Jon P. Williams ◽  
Brenda A. Finney ◽  
Maureen E. Fitzgerald ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mast Cell ◽  
Mast Cells ◽  
Schwann Cell ◽  
Peripheral Nerve ◽  
Schwann Cells ◽  
Cell Number ◽  
Cell Interactions ◽  
Disodium Cromoglycate ◽  
Collagen Deposition ◽  
Genetic Ablation

AbstractExpression of the human epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) in murine Schwann cells results in loss of axon–Schwann cell interactions and collagen deposition, modeling peripheral nerve response to injury and tumorigenesis. Mast cells infiltrate nerves in all three situations. We show that mast cells are present in normal mouse peripheral nerve beginning at 4 weeks of age, and that the number of mast-cells in EGFR+ nerves increases abruptly at 5–6 weeks of age as axons and Schwann cells dissociate. The increase in mast cell number is preceded and accompanied by elevated levels of mRNAs encoding the mast-cell chemoattractants Rantes, SCF and VEGF. Genetic ablation of mast cells and bone marrow reconstitution in W41 × EGFR+ mice indicate a role for mast cells in loss of axon−Schwann cell interactions and collagen deposition. Pharmacological stabilization of mast cells by disodium cromoglycate administration to EGFR+ mice also diminished loss of axon−Schwann cell interaction. Together these three lines of evidence support the hypothesis that mast cells can contribute to alterations in peripheral nerves.

scholarly journals Beyond the Knife—Reviewing the Interplay of Psychosocial Factors and Peripheral Nerve Lesions

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 1200
Author(s):  
Johannes C. Heinzel ◽  
Lucy F. Dadun ◽  
Cosima Prahm ◽  
Natalie Winter ◽  
Michael Bressler ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Peripheral Nerve ◽  
Functional Outcome ◽  
Psychosocial Factors ◽  
Clinical Problem ◽  
Psychosocial Aspects ◽  
Adverse Outcomes ◽  
Sensory Function ◽  
Nerve Lesions ◽  
Peripheral Nerve Lesions ◽  
The Impact

Peripheral nerve injuries are a common clinical problem. They not only affect the physical capabilities of the injured person due to loss of motor or sensory function but also have a significant impact on psychosocial aspects of life. The aim of this work is to review the interplay of psychosocial factors and peripheral nerve lesions. By reviewing the published literature, we identified several factors to be heavily influenced by peripheral nerve lesions. In addition to psychological factors like pain, depression, catastrophizing and stress, social factors like employment status and worker’s compensation status could be identified to be influenced by peripheral nerve lesions as well as serving as predictors of functional outcome themselves, respectively. This work sheds a light not only on the impact of peripheral nerve lesions on psychosocial aspects of life, but also on the prognostic values of these factors of functional outcome. Interdisciplinary, individualized treatment of patients is required to identify patient at risk for adverse outcomes and provide them with emotional support when adapting to their new life situation.

Evidence for a Blood Ganglion Barrier in the Superior Cervical Ganglion of the Rat

1982 ◽  
Vol 40 ◽  
pp. 204-204
Author(s):  
D. M. DePace
Keyword(s):  
Blood Vessels ◽  
Superior Cervical Ganglion ◽  
Peripheral Nerves ◽  
Time Schedule ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Cervical Ganglion ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Cervical Ganglia ◽  
Capillary Circulation ◽  
And Control

The majority of blood vessels in the superior cervical ganglion possess a continuous endothelium with tight junctions. These same features have been associated with the blood brain barrier of the central nervous system and peripheral nerves. These vessels may perform a barrier function between the capillary circulation and the superior cervical ganglion. The permeability of the blood vessels in the superior cervical ganglion of the rat was tested by intravenous injection of horseradish peroxidase (HRP). Three experimental groups of four animals each were given intravenous HRP (Sigma Type II) in a dosage of.08 to.15 mg/gm body weight in.5 ml of.85% saline. The animals were sacrificed at five, ten or 15 minutes following administration of the tracer. Superior cervical ganglia were quickly removed and fixed by immersion in 2.5% glutaraldehyde in Sorenson's.1M phosphate buffer, pH 7.4. Three control animals received,5ml of saline without HRP. These were sacrificed on the same time schedule. Tissues from experimental and control animals were reacted for peroxidase activity and then processed for routine transmission electron microscopy.

Evaluating Shoulder Impairment

1998 ◽  
Vol 3 (5) ◽  
pp. 1-3
Author(s):  
Richard T. Katz ◽  
Sankar Perraraju
Keyword(s):  
Peripheral Nerve ◽  
Upper Extremity ◽  
Sensory Loss ◽  
Motor Deficits ◽  
Nerve Lesion ◽  
Fourth Edition ◽  
Specific Patient ◽  
Industrial Medicine ◽  
Shoulder Motion ◽  
Upper Extremity Impairment

Abstract The AMA Guides to the Evaluation of Permanent Impairment (AMA Guides), Fourth Edition, offers several categories to describe impairment in the shoulder, including shoulder amputation, abnormal shoulder motion, peripheral nerve disorders, subluxation/dislocation, and joint arthroplasty. This article clarifies appropriate methods for rating shoulder impairment in a specific patient, particularly with reference to the AMA Guides, Section 3.1j, Shoulder, Section 3.1k, Impairment of the Upper Extremity Due to Peripheral Nerve Disorders, and Section 3.1m, Impairment Due to Other Disorders of the Upper Extremity. A table shows shoulder motions and associated degrees of motion and can be used in assessing abnormal range of motion. Assessments of shoulder impairment due to peripheral nerve lesion also requires assessment of sensory loss (or presence of nerve pain) or motor deficits, and these may be categorized to the level of the spinal nerves (C5 to T1). Table 23 is useful regarding impairment from persistent joint subluxation or dislocation, and Table 27 can be helpful in assessing impairment of the upper extremity after arthroplasty of specific bones of joints. Although inter-rater reliability has been reasonably good, the validity of the upper extremity impairment rating has been questioned, and further research in industrial medicine and physical disability is required.

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