Study on Risk Factors and their Association with Subclinical Mastitis in Lactating Dairy Cows in Trinidad

A cross sectional study was conducted between November 2015 and February 2016 in Hawassa town, SNNPR, Ethiopia to determine the overall mastitis prevalence and identify the role of some selected risk factors in 183 randomly selected small holder lactating dairy cows of 53 high grade Holstein Friesian, 113 Holstein indigenous zebu cross and 17 indigenous zebu breeds. The prevalence of clinical mastitis was determined through examination of abnormalities of milk, udder or cow. The prevalence of subclinical mastitis determined by using indicator paper test. From total 183 lactating dairy cows examined for bovine mastitis 9(4.9%) had clinical mastitis, while 56(30.6%) subclinical mastitis. Out of 9(4.9%) clinical mastitis, 9.43 and 3.53% occurred in high grade Holstein and Holstein indigenous zebu, respectively, but indigenous zebu breed was found not affected. Subclinical mastitis at cow level based on indicator paper test was significantly high (32.07%) in Holstein, (30.9%) in cross breed and (23.5%) in indigenous zebu (p<0.05). Quarter level subclinical mastitis prevalence based on indicator paper test was 32.07, 30.2% and 23.5% in Holstein, cross breed and indigenous zebu, respectively. From the potential risk factors considered, breed (X2=17.3, p<0.05), presence of teat lesion and tick infestation (X2=7.73, p<0.05), stage of lactation (X2=13.8, p<0.05), and parity number (X2=19.4, p<0.05) had significant effect on the prevalence of subclinical mastitis. Considering the possible significant economic losses that could be incurred by both clinical and subclinical mastitis, attention should be paid for further detailed investigation and control measures.

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Prevalence and risk factors of subclinical mastitis in lactating dairy cows in north and south regions of Bangladesh

Tropical Animal Health and Production ◽

10.1007/s11250-012-0342-7 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 45 (5) ◽

pp. 1171-1176 ◽

Cited By ~ 13

Author(s):

Swapan Chandra Sarker ◽

Mst. Sonia Parvin ◽

A. K. M. Anisur Rahman ◽

Md. Taohidul Islam

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Dairy Cows ◽

Subclinical Mastitis ◽

Lactating Dairy Cows ◽

North And South

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Subclinical mastitis: Prevalence and risk factors in dairy cows in East Java, Indonesia

Veterinary World ◽

10.14202/vetworld.2021.2102-2108 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 2102-2108

Author(s):

Himmatul Khasanah ◽

Hidayat Bambang Setyawan ◽

Roni Yulianto ◽

Desy Cahya Widianingrum

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Dairy Cows ◽

Management Practices ◽

Management Practice ◽

Subclinical Mastitis ◽

Economic Losses ◽

Multinomial Regression ◽

California Mastitis Test ◽

Lactating Dairy Cows ◽

Lactation Stage

Background and Aim: Subclinical mastitis (SCM) is a disease that frequently attacks lactating dairy cows and possibly decreases production, causing economic losses to farmers. This study aimed to define the prevalence of SCM and risk factor-associated related management practice by dairy farmers in East Java, Indonesia. Materials and Methods: The milk sample per quarter of individual lactating Friesian–Holstein cows (592 samples) was collected from 148 cows from 62 selected farms in the region with high dairy cattle populations in Malang, Sidoarjo, Mojokerto, Probolinggo, Pasuruan, Lumajang, Jember, and Banyuwangi. SCM determination was performed using the California mastitis test. A survey including field observation and interviews with farmers was conducted to find out the management practices of the selected farms. The analysis of risk factors was conducted by multinomial regression using the IBM SPSS version 26.0 (IBM SPSS Statistics, Chicago, USA). Results: In addition, 68.18% and 66.72% at the cow and quarter levels, respectively, of the lactating dairy cows examined had SCM. In multinomial regression, four variables were significantly given impact in association with the SCM prevalence in identifying related lactation stage (odds ratio [OR]: 1-2 months=5.67, 2-6 months=9.435), teat wiping after milking (OR=42.197), house cleanliness (OR: dirty=0.120, moderate=0.527), and location (regencies) of raising the cows (OR: Sidoarjo=0.076, Mojokerto=0.165, Jember=1.210, Probolinggo=3.449, Lumajang=1.638, Malang=1.210, and Pasuruan=0.681). Conclusion: The SCM prevalence in East Java is relatively high and a threat to the dairy industry's performance. This study found a significant association with SCM that needs to be considered in the practice of management to prevent and control SCM. However, the finding also suggested that hygienic management practices performed by farmers need to be improved to reduce SCM incidents.

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Molecular characterization of virulence factors in Staphylococcus aureus isolated from bovine subclinical mastitis in central Ethiopia

Annals of Microbiology ◽

10.1186/s13213-021-01639-3 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 71 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Desiye Tesfaye Tegegne ◽

Gezahegne Mamo ◽

Hika Waktole ◽

Yohannes Equar Messele

Keyword(s):

Staphylococcus Aureus ◽

Dairy Cows ◽

Virulence Factors ◽

Virulence Genes ◽

Animal Health ◽

Subclinical Mastitis ◽

Biochemical Tests ◽

Milk Samples ◽

Lactating Dairy Cows ◽

Genomic Study

Abstract Purpose Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) is the most important pathogen involved in bovine mastitis in dairy production. S. aureus produces a spectrum of extracellular protein toxins and virulence factors which are thought to contribute to the pathogenicity of the organism. The aim of this work was to isolate and molecular characterize S. aureus associated with bovine subclinical mastitis in the central part of Ethiopia. Methods A total of 265 lactating dairy cows from various dairy farms in four different geographical locations were screened by the California mastitis test (CMT) for bovine subclinical mastitis. One hundred thirty CMT-positive milk samples were collected and transported to the laboratory. Different biochemical tests and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) were used for the identification of S. aureus isolates. Finally, PCR was performed for molecular detection of virulence genes. Results From a total of 265 lactating dairy cows screened, 49% (n = 130) were positive for bovine subclinical mastitis. One hundred thirty mastitic milk samples were subjected to bacterial culturing, and one hundred (76%) S. aureus isolates were identified based on phenotypic characters. Sixty-eight confirmed S. aureus isolates were obtained using PCR. The confirmed S. aureus isolates were tested for six virulence genes (tsst-1, hlb, eta, sea, clfA, and icaD) using PCR. Of the six virulence genes screened from all the isolates, only two (clfA and eta) were detected in the isolates. Out of 68 isolates, 25% and 22% were possessed the eta and clfA genes, respectively. Conclusion The presence of Staphylococcus aureus having virulence genes (eta and clfA) revealed that mastitis is a major concern nowadays affecting animal health, milk quality, and yield. Further genomic study of these isolates will provide broad new insights on virulence.

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Prevalence of subclinical mastitis and associated risk factors in smallholder dairy cows in Tanzania

Veterinary Record ◽

10.1136/vr.163.1.16 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 163 (1) ◽

pp. 16-21 ◽

Cited By ~ 12

Author(s):

E. D. Karimuribo ◽

J. L. Fitzpatrick ◽

E. S. Swai ◽

C. Bell ◽

M. J. Bryant ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Dairy Cows ◽

Subclinical Mastitis ◽

Smallholder Dairy ◽

Associated Risk Factors

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Pharmacokinetics of azithromycin in lactating dairy cows with subclinical mastitis caused byStaphylococcus aureus

Journal of Veterinary Pharmacology and Therapeutics ◽

10.1111/j.1365-2885.2009.01128.x ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 33 (2) ◽

pp. 132-140 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

M. F. LUCAS ◽

J. O. ERRECALDE ◽

N. MESTORINO

Keyword(s):

Dairy Cows ◽

Subclinical Mastitis ◽

Lactating Dairy Cows

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Staphylococcus aureus isolates from bovine subclinical mastitis in central Ethiopia revealed the presence of antimicrobial resistance and resistant genes

10.21203/rs.3.rs-361426/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Desiye Tesfaye Tegegne ◽

Gezahegne Mamo ◽

Hika Waktole ◽

Gebrerufael Girmay

Keyword(s):

Staphylococcus Aureus ◽

Antimicrobial Resistance ◽

Dairy Cows ◽

Resistance Genes ◽

Dairy Farms ◽

Subclinical Mastitis ◽

Economic Losses ◽

Central Ethiopia ◽

Milk Samples ◽

Lactating Dairy Cows

Abstract Background: Staphylococcus aureus is one of the predominant causative agents of mastitis disease in dairy herds. Mastitis disease has a negative impact in the economic losses in the dairy sector across the globe. The aims of this study were to determine the prevalence and detect antimicrobial resistance genes in the Staphylococcus aureus isolated from milk samples of subclinical bovine mastitis in Central Ethiopia.Methods: A total of 265 lactating dairy cows from various dairy farms in four different geographical locations were screened by California mastitis test (CMT) for bovine subclinical mastitis. One-hundred thirty CMT positive milk samples were collected and transported to laboratory. Different biochemical tests and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) were used for the identification of S. aureus isolates. Finally, phenotypic and genotypic methods were performed for detection of some antimicrobial resistance patterns and genes (mecA, ermA, ermC, and msrA), respectively. Results: From total of 265 lactating dairy cows screened, 49% (n=130) were positive for bovine subclinical mastitis. One-hundred thirty mastitic milk samples were subjected to bacterial culturing, one hundred (76%) S. aureus isolates were identified based on phenotypic characters. Sixty-eight confirmed S. aureus isolates were obtained using PCR. Of the sixty-eight isolates tested 12 samples were contained the methicillin resistance gene A (mecA). No amplification was observed for the erythromycin resistance genes (ermA, ermC, and msrA). Conclusion: The high resistance of Staphylococcus aureus to commonly used antimicrobials contribute in dairy farms may cause health problems in the community consuming raw milk purchased from these farms.

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Risk factors associated with subclinical mastitis in dairy cows reared in district Ganderbal, Jammu and Kashmir

Journal of Veterinary and Animal Sciences ◽

10.51966/jvas.2021.52.4.418-422 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 52 (4) ◽

Author(s):

Ali A. ◽

Ganie S.A. ◽

Mir M. R. ◽

Ahmad S.B. ◽

Bhat R.R. ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Dairy Cows ◽

Subclinical Mastitis ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Jammu And Kashmir ◽

Factors Associated ◽

Lactation Stage ◽

Holstein Friesian ◽

Intensive System

Subclinical mastitis is associated with certain risk factors such as age, lactation stage, milk production and parity. A cross sectional study including 135 cross bred Holstein Friesian dairy cows was undertaken from June 2017 to January 2019 in surrounding villages of district Ganderbal in order to identify major risk factors. The overall prevalence of SCM was 81.48%. The highest prevalence of subclinical mastitis associated with various risk factors was 48.1% (early lactation), 44.54% (5-7 years), 49.09% (>10 litres per day) and 30.90% (3rd parity) respectively. In intensive system of rearing, prevalence was 66.36% whereas in extensive 33.63% was found. In present study, single quarter was affected in 61.81% of SCM infections. In milking method, knuckling and stripping showed more incidence of SCM. In present study, moderate form of mastitis was more predominant (40.9%).

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