Abundance, Biomass, C- and N- Content of Flaccisagitta enflata and Mesosagitta minima (Chaetognatha)

2003 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mirna Batistic
Keyword(s):  
N Content ◽  
C And N

scholarly journals Effects of Life-form and Plants Functional Traits on Carbon, Nitrogen and Sulfur Distributed in Different Parts in Dry Region of Western India

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Genda Singh ◽  
Bilas Singh
Keyword(s):  
Functional Traits ◽  
Life Form ◽  
Life Forms ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Western India ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
N Content ◽  
Medicinal Uses ◽  
Leguminous Species ◽  
C And N

Abstract Background: Plants adapt to adverse environmental conditions accumulate varying concentrations of carbon (C), nitrogen (N) and sulfur (S) compounds to cope up with adverse climatic conditions. Carbon, N and S concentrations were determined in roots, stem and leaves of 33 species of trees/shrubs with objectives to observe the effects of life-form and plants functional traits, and select species with high concentration of these elements for their utilization in afforestation and medicinal uses. Results: Concentrations of C, N, and S and C: N and N: S ratio varied (P<0.05) between species, organs, life-forms and functional traits (legume vs non-legume). These variables were higher (except C in roots and stem) in trees than shrubs, and in leguminous than non-leguminous species. Non-leguminous species showed high S content and low N: S ratio. Antagonistic and synergistic relations were observed between C and N, and N and S concentration respectively. Species showed varying potential in assimilating carbon by regulating uptake and accumulation of these elements in different organs making them adapt to the habitats affected by drought and salinity. We observed strong plant size/life-form effects on C and N content and C: N and N: S ratios and of function on S content. Conclusions: Life-form/size and varying functions of the species determined C: nutrient ratio and elemental composition and helped adapting varying environmental stresses. This study assist in selecting species of high carbon, nitrogen and S content to utilize them in afforesting the areas affected by water and salt stresses, increased carbon storage and species with high S/N content in medicinal uses.

scholarly journals Bud Necrosis of Green Ash Nursery Trees Is Influenced by Nitrogen Availability and Fertilizer Type

2010 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 206-212 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carolyn F. Scagel ◽  
Richard P. Regan ◽  
Guihong Bi
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Availability ◽  
Urea Formaldehyde ◽  
Shoot Biomass ◽  
Similar Amount ◽  
Green Ash ◽  
N Content ◽  
Ash Trees ◽  
Nursery Trees ◽  
C And N ◽  
N Status

A study was conducted to determine whether the nitrogen (N) status of nursery-grown green ash (Fraxinus pennsylvanica ‘Summit’) trees in the autumn is related to bud necrosis during the following spring. In 2005, different rates of N from urea formaldehyde (UF) or a controlled-release fertilizer (CRF) containing ammonium nitrate were applied during the growing season to green ash trees and leaves were sprayed or not with urea in the autumn. Biomass and N content was determined in Autumn 2005 and Spring 2006, and stem biomass and bud necrosis were evaluated for necrosis in Spring 2006. Trees with low N content in Autumn 2005 grew less in Spring 2006 but bud necrosis was more prevalent on trees grown at the highest N rate. Compared with trees grown with a similar amount of N from UF, growing trees with CRF altered N allocation in 2005 and the relationship between carbon (C) and N dynamics (import, export, and metabolism) in stems in 2006. Additionally, trees grown with CRF had less total shoot biomass in Spring 2006 and more bud failure than trees grown with a similar N rate from UF. Significant relationships between bud failure and N status and C/N ratios in different tissues suggest that a combination of tree N status and the balance between N and C in certain tissues plays a role in the occurrence of bud failure of green ash trees in the spring.

scholarly journals Effects of Wildfires and Ash Leaching on Stream Chemistry in the Santa Ynez Mountains of Southern California

Water ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (17) ◽  
pp. 2402
Author(s):  
Carl Swindle ◽  
Parker Shankin-Clarke ◽  
Matthew Meyerhof ◽  
Jean Carlson ◽  
John Melack
Keyword(s):  
Southern California ◽  
Stream Water ◽  
Fold Increase ◽  
Stream Chemistry ◽  
N Content ◽  
Fire Scar ◽  
Major Cations ◽  
C And N ◽  
Ash Leaching

Wildfires can change ecosystems by altering solutes in streams. We examined major cations in streams draining a chaparral-dominated watershed in the Santa Ynez Mountains (California, USA) following a wildfire that burned 75 km2 from July 8 to October 5, 2017. We identified changes in solute concentrations, and postulated a relation between these changes and ash leached by rainwater following the wildfire. Collectively, K+ leached from ash samples exceeded that of all other major cations combined. After the wildfire, the concentrations of all major cations increased in stream water sampled near the fire perimeter following the first storm of the season: K+ increased 12-fold, Na+ and Ca2+ increased 1.4-fold, and Mg2+ increased 1.6-fold. Our results suggested that the 12-fold increase in K+ in stream water resulted from K+ leached from ash in the fire scar. Both C and N were measured in the ash samples. The low N content of the ash indicated either high volatilization of N relative to C occurred, or burned material contained less N.

scholarly journals Preferential protein depolymerization as a preservation mechanism for vascular litter decomposing in <i>Sphagnum</i> peat

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hendrik Reuter ◽  
Julia Gensel ◽  
Marcus Elvert ◽  
Dominik Zak
Keyword(s):  
Protein Content ◽  
Litter Breakdown ◽  
N Dynamics ◽  
N Content ◽  
Sphagnum Peat ◽  
Elemental Analyses ◽  
Microbial Carbon ◽  
C And N ◽  
Microbial C ◽  
Microbial N

Abstract. Nitrogen (N) dynamics in Phragmites australis litter due to anaerobic decomposition in three anoxic wetland substrates were analyzed by elemental analyses and infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). After 75 days of decomposition, a relative accumulation of bulk N was detected in most litters, but N accumulated less when decomposition took place in a more N-poor environment. FTIR was used to quantify the relative content of proteins in litter tissue and revealed a highly linear relationship between bulk N content and protein content. Changes in bulk N content thus paralleled and probably were governed by changes in litter protein content. Such changes are the result of two competing processes within decomposing litter: enzymatic protein depolymerization as a part of the litter breakdown process and microbial protein synthesis as a part of microbial biomass growth within the litter. Assuming microbial homeostasis, DNA signals in FTIR spectra were used to calculate the amount of microbial N in decomposed litter which ranged from 14 to 42 % of the total litter N for all leaf samples. Microbial carbon (C) content and resultant calculated carbon-use efficiencies (CUEs) indicate that microbial N in litter accumulated according to predictions of the stoichiometric decomposition theory. Subtracting microbial C- and N-contributions from litter, however, revealed decomposition site dependent variations in the percentual amount of remaining, still unprocessed plant N compared to remaining plant C, an indicator for preferential protein depolymerization. For all leaf litters, the coefficient of preferential protein depolymerization (α), which relates N-compound depolymerization to C-compound depolymerization, ranged from 0.74–0.88 in a nutrient-rich detritus mud to 1.38–1.82 in Sphagnum peat, the most nutrient-poor substrate in this experiment. Preferential protein depolymerization leads to a gradual N depletion of decomposing litter which we propose as a preservation mechanism for vascular litter decomposing in Sphagnum peat.

EFEKTIVITAS PENGOMPOSAN PUPUK ORGANIK DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN ORGADEC

2018 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 183-189
Author(s):  
Alfina Handayani
Keyword(s):  
Water Content ◽  
Organic Fertilizer ◽  
Cow Manure ◽  
Livestock Manure ◽  
N Content ◽  
Composting Process ◽  
Before And After ◽  
C And N ◽  
Total P

This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of orgadec starter in composting cattle (cow) manure. The study was conducted at the KWT Berdaya in Samiran Village, Selo District, Boyolali Regency. The composition of organic fertilizer for each 1 ton of cow manure mix with 5 kg of Orgadec. The observed parameters were carbon (C), nitrogen (N), phosphor (P), and potassium (K), C/N (rasio C and N) content. The parameters were measured before and after composting process. Furthermore, the data were analyzed descriptively. The results showed that Orgadec improved the composting process of livestock manure into organic fertilizer in terms of N-total, P₂O₅, K₂O and water content parameters, but only C/N ratios after meeting the standards in accordance with Permentan No.70/Permentan/SR.140/10/ 2011. In theory, the composting process using orgadec takes about 3 weeks, however the result shows that the composting process should need longer time, so it needs further study.

C and N fluxes of decomposing 13C and 15N Brassica napus L.: effects of residue composition and N content

2000 ◽  
Vol 32 (11-12) ◽  
pp. 1717-1730 ◽  
Author(s):  
I Trinsoutrot ◽  
S Recous ◽  
B Mary ◽  
B Nicolardot
Keyword(s):  
Brassica Napus ◽  
Brassica Napus L ◽  
N Content ◽  
N Fluxes ◽  
C And N ◽  
Residue Composition

Soil C and N Content Under Evolving Landscapes in an Arid Inland River Basin of Northwest China

2004 ◽  
Vol 19 (6) ◽  
pp. 621-629 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wang Genxu ◽  
Yao Jinzhong ◽  
Luo Lin ◽  
Qian Ju
Keyword(s):  
River Basin ◽  
Northwest China ◽  
N Content ◽  
Soil C ◽  
Inland River ◽  
Inland River Basin ◽  
Soil C And N ◽  
C And N

Soil aggregate stability and soil organic matter fractions under agropastoral systems established in native savanna

Soil Research ◽  
1996 ◽  
Vol 34 (6) ◽  
pp. 891 ◽  
Author(s):  
AJ Gijsman
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Soil Organic Matter ◽  
Aggregate Stability ◽  
Aggregate Size ◽  
Soil Disturbance ◽  
N Content ◽  
Soil C ◽  
Size Classes ◽  
Soil C And N ◽  
C And N

An area of native savanna on an Oxisol in the Eastern Plains of Colombia was opened and sown to various rotations of grass or grass-legume pasture with rice. After 4.5 years, the soil was sampled for studying the effect of land conversion on soil aggregation and on the distribution of total and particulate soil organic matter across the aggregate size classes. The size distribution of undisturbed aggregates did not vary among treatments. Five different methods were used to measure wet aggregate stability (WAS). The choice of method affected the WAS average across treatments as well as the differences among treatments. The only consistent observation was the lower WAS under monocropped rice compared with the other treatments. Inclusion of a legume in a pasture hardly affected aggregate stability. In contrast to the WAS measurements, which were carried out with soil aggregates of 1-2 mm, wet sieving of whole-soil samples revealed additional differences among treatments: large macroaggregates (>2 mm) proved less stable under those treatments that involved soil disturbance through ploughing and harvesting. Total soil C and N content did not vary among treatments, despite considerable differences in plant production levels. The C concentration, but not the N concentration, declined with decreasing aggregate size. The distribution of whole-soil C and N content across aggregate size classes depended more on the amount of soil in a certain size class than on the size class's C or N concentration. Those treatments that involved frequent soil disturbance had a smaller fraction of large macroaggregates (>2 mm) and, as a consequence, less C and N in the large macroaggregate fraction. The particulate organic matter (POM) fraction accounted for only 6.2-8.5% of total soil carbon. The small size of this pool makes it unlikely that POM can serve in these Oxisols for estimating the amount of soil organic matter with medium turnover rate, as suggested by others.

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