Women with a history of gestational diabetes of European and South Asian origin are shorter than women with normal glucose tolerance in pregnancy

2000 ◽  
Vol 17 (11) ◽  
pp. 792-797 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Kousta ◽  
N. J. Lawrence ◽  
A. Penny ◽  
B. A. Millauer ◽  
S. Robinson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gestational Diabetes ◽  
Glucose Tolerance ◽  
South Asian ◽  
Normal Glucose Tolerance ◽  
Asian Origin ◽  
South Asian Origin ◽  
Normal Glucose ◽  
History Of ◽  
In Pregnancy

scholarly journals Inflammatory Markers in Older Women with a History of Gestational Diabetes and the Effects of Weight Loss

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alice S. Ryan
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Gestational Diabetes ◽  
Glucose Tolerance ◽  
Older Women ◽  
Inflammatory Markers ◽  
Normal Glucose Tolerance ◽  
Diet And Exercise ◽  
Normal Glucose ◽  
History Of

The purpose of this study was to compare systemic inflammation in older women with a history of gestational diabetes (GDM) who developed impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) or type 2 diabetes (T2DM) to that in those with normal glucose tolerance (NGT) and to determine, in these women, the effect of weight loss (WL) induced by diet and exercise training on systemic inflammation and adipokine levels. This was a longitudinal clinical investigation of overweight/obese (BMI: 32 ± 1 kg/m2) women (59 ± 1 years) with a GDM history (n=19) who had normal glucose tolerance (NGT, n=7) or IGT/T2DM (n=12). Women completed 6 months of weight loss induced by diet and exercise and underwent VO2max, body composition, blood draw, glucose tolerance testing, and 2-hour hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamps (40 mU·m−2·min−1). Glucose utilization (M) was 42% higher in the NGT group (P<0.05). CRP was two-fold higher in the IGT/T2DM group than that in the NGT group (P<0.01). Adiponectin levels were 59% higher in the NGT group than those in the IGT/T2DM group (P<0.01). IL-6sR was higher in the NGT group (P<0.01). The women lost body weight, body fat, visceral fat, and subcutaneous abdominal fat (P<0.001). Fasting glucose (P<0.05), fasting insulin, glucose, and insulin AUC decreased (all P<0.005) after the intervention. M increased by 21% (P<0.05). CRP (−16%) and TNFR1 (−6%) tended to decrease, whereas TNFα, IL-6, SAA, and adiponectin did not change in the group. In conclusion, older women with a history of GDM who have developed IGT or T2DM have higher CRP and reduced adiponectin levels despite similar BMI and total and abdominal obesity to those with NGT. Six months WL induced by diet and exercise improves body composition and increases insulin sensitivity without a significant modification of inflammatory markers and adiponectin levels.

scholarly journals Dietary practices among Europeans and different South Asian groups in Coventry

1997 ◽  
Vol 78 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Simmons ◽  
Rhys Williams
Keyword(s):  
Glucose Tolerance ◽  
South Asian ◽  
South Asians ◽  
Brown Rice ◽  
Normal Glucose Tolerance ◽  
Oral Glucose ◽  
Dietary Practices ◽  
Asian Origin ◽  
South Asian Origin ◽  
Diagnosed Diabetes

The dietary customs of people of South Asian origin living in Britain are important determinants of health but have been relatively little studied. As part of the Coventry study of diabetes carried out in the Foleshill ward of the city, subjects undergoing oral glucose tolerance tests provided information on this aspect of lifestyle. A questionnaire was completed by all of the last 612 subjects undergoing testing. These included 304 of European origin, 118 Punjabi Sikhs, seventy-six Pakistani/Punjabi Moslems, twenty-eight Gujerati Moslems, twenty-five Punjabi Hindus and forty-seven Gujerati Hindus. There were no discernible differences in the dietary customs of those with normal glucose tolerance, impaired glucose tolerance and newly diagnosed diabetes. Subjects of South Asian origin ate significantly fewer meals per day than European subjects. Evening meal times were 2–3 h later among South Asians. Europeans ate less fruit but more vegetables and more brown rice than South Asians. Gujeratis ate more rice, fried snacks and white flour. Moslems were least likely to be vegetarians, to drink alcohol and to use home-made ghee and yoghurt, and Punjabi Sikhs and Hindus ate dhal more frequently than Pakistani Moslems, Gujerati Moslems or Hindus. Most South Asians ate Indian sweets and ‘Western’ snacks.

scholarly journals Hidden Metabolic Disturbances in Women with Normal Glucose Tolerance Five Years after Gestational Diabetes

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yvonne Winhofer ◽  
Andrea Tura ◽  
Anita Thomas ◽  
Thomas Prikoszovich ◽  
Christine Winzer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gestational Diabetes ◽  
Glucose Tolerance ◽  
Normal Glucose Tolerance ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Metabolic Disturbances ◽  
Intravenous Glucose ◽  
Reactive Protein ◽  
Normal Glucose ◽  
History Of ◽  
Intravenous Glucose Tolerance Tests

Background. The study aimed to assess whether women with prior gestational diabetes (pGDM), despite maintenance of normal glucose tolerance (NGT) five years after delivery, display metabolic disturbances compared to healthy controls.Methods. 45 pGDM with NGT were compared to 18 women without a history of GDM (CON), matched for age (37.0 ± 4.1 versus 35.2 ± 5.3,P=ns) and BMI (24.3 ± 3.1 versus 23.3 ± 3.3,P=ns). Metabolic parameters were derived from oral and intravenous glucose tolerance tests; furthermore lipid profile, C-reactive protein (CRP), adiponectin, leptin, and glucagon were assessed.Results. Five years postpartum, pGDM had increased glucose concentrations during the OGTT (AUC: 1.12 ± 0.15 versus 1.0 ± 0.12 mol/L*min,P=0.003) and insulin sensitivity was decreased compared to CON (OGIS: 467.2 ± 64.1 versus 510.6 ± 53.1 mL/min*m2,P=0.01). pGDM had lower adiponectin (8.1 ± 2.6 versus 12.6 ± 5.3,P<0.008) but increased waist circumference and CRP compared to CON.Conclusions. Despite diagnosis of normal glucose tolerance, pGDM are characterized by hyperglycemia and insulin resistance compared to healthy controls, accompanied by decreased adiponectin and increased CRP concentrations, thus linking metabolic disturbances to an increased cardiovascular risk in pGDM.

Serum FGF-21 and FGF-23 in association with gestational diabetes: a longitudinal case-control study

2020 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Maryam Mosavat ◽  
Siti Zawiah Omar ◽  
Pavai Sthanshewar
Keyword(s):  
Gestational Diabetes ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Normal Glucose Tolerance ◽  
Fundamental Factor ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Normal Glucose ◽  
Fgf 23 ◽  
Control Study ◽  
In Pregnancy

AbstractBackgroundFibroblast growth factors (FGFs); FGF-21 and FGF-23, have been proposed to be associated with metabolic syndrome. However, data on the role of these peptides in gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) are limited. Therefore, this study was designed to assess the association of serum FGF-21 and FGF-23 with the risk of GDM. Furthermore, we evaluated the circulation of these peptides in pregnancy and post-puerperium.Materials and methodsFifty-three pregnant subjects with GDM and 43 normal glucose tolerance (NGT) pregnant women participated in this study. Serum FGF-21 and FGF-23 were measured during pregnancy and post-puerperium.ResultsFGF-21 and FGF-23 were low in GDM compared to NGT during pregnancy. There were no significant differences in the level of these peptides post-puerperium. Using logistic regression, FGF-23 [odds ratio (OR) 0.70 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.50–0.96)] was inversely associated with GDM, so a 1-μg/mL decrease in FGF-23 levels was associated with a 1.4-fold increased risk of developing GDM and this remained statistically significant after adjustment for confounders [adjusted OR (aOR) 0.70 (95% CI: 0.50–0.98)]. There was no association of FGF-21 with the development of GDM risk.ConclusionsLower FGF-23 concentrations could be involved in the pathophysiology of GDM. FGF-21, even though associated with metabolic risk factors in pregnancy, may not be a fundamental factor in GDM.

Karbala in London: Battle of Expressions of Ashura Ritual Commemorations among Twelver Shia Muslims of South Asian Background

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 158-178 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sufyan Abid Dogra
Keyword(s):  
South Asia ◽  
South Asian ◽  
Transnational Networks ◽  
Power Struggle ◽  
Asian Origin ◽  
South Asian Origin ◽  
History Of

Abstract The roots of the struggle for authority among various groups of Twelver Shias of South Asian background living in London revolves around the idea of what is ‘true and authentic’ Shia Islam. The theological and political genealogy of this power struggle can be traced by examining the history of Shia Islam in South Asia. This article provides historical analyses and ethnographic accounts of Shia Islam and how it is practised in London. It investigates the influence of London-based Iranian and Iraqi Shia transnational networks on South Asian Hussainias and those who attend them. While some London-based Shias of South Asian origin conform to the Iran-backed reformist versions of globally standardised ritual commemoration of Ashura, others detest this and search for religious reinterpretations that assert South Asian ways of commemorating the Ashura ritual.

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