scholarly journals The similarity and difference in the flora of the pine forest on the southern border of the range of Pinus sylvestris L.

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 ◽  
pp. 00011
Author(s):  
Nataliya Kin
Keyword(s):  
Pinus Sylvestris ◽  
Endemic Species ◽  
Pine Forests ◽  
Russian Plain ◽  
High Similarity ◽  
Floristic Similarity ◽  
Opposite Process ◽  
Southern Border ◽  
Similarity And Difference ◽  
Near Future

The data of studies and calculations showing the high floristic similarity of the pine forests of the Russian Plain located in the southern part of Pinus sylvestris L. area. Especially high similarity is observed in the indigenous fraction of the flora. The similarity of floras in the adventive fraction is insignificant. Taking into account the forecast of a possible, in the near future, floristic homogenization due to the species of the adventive fraction, we calculated an estimation index, which indicates an opposite process of homogenization — differentiation. Given the division of advents into groups according to the introduction time, we calculated the estimated index separately for archaeophytes and kenophytes. It was revealed that in pairs of pine forests located relatively close to each other, archaeophytes enhance differentiation, and kenophytes enhance the homogenization of flora. Differential taxa (families, genera, and species) are found only in one of all the studied pine forests, that determine the characteristics of the studied floras. Endemic species have been established that give originality to the flora of the studied pine forests.

scholarly journals Floristic core of the Russian Plain pine forests along Pinus sylvestris southern borders

2021 ◽  
Vol 875 (1) ◽  
pp. 012076
Author(s):  
N O Kin
Keyword(s):  
Pinus Sylvestris ◽  
Pine Forest ◽  
Pine Forests ◽  
Russian Plain ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Southern Limit ◽  
Forest Flora ◽  
The Core ◽  
Significant Distance

Abstract Pine forests - forest tracts on the sandy left banks, where the main area is occupied by plant communities with a predominance of Pinus sylvestris. Due to the significant distance from each other, the floras of the pine forests differ. However, the flora of these pine forests also shares common characteristics. In order to establish the floristic unity of the forests at the southern limit of the distribution of Pinus sylvestris, work was carried out to identify their floristic core. For 20 years, floristic surveys have been carried out in the forests of the steppe and forest-steppe zones. A general floristic list was compiled, with the identification of aboriginal and alien fractions, and the floristic core was established. Revealed: the core of the flora is determined by the pine forest flora with the lowest number of species among the comparable pine forests. The core of the flora of the studied pine forests included 30.8% of the species of the general flora. An increase in the number of analyzed floras will bring accuracy to the determination of the floristic core. This will make it possible to form an understanding of the pine forest flora as a single floristic complex.

scholarly journals SURGES OF NATURAL RECOVERY OF SCOTS PINE (PINUS SYLVESTRIS L.) AND CRIMEAN PINE (PINUS PALLASIANA D. DON): SYNCHRONICITY AND GENERAL PATTERNS

Ekosistemy ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 23-35
Author(s):  
A. N. Saltykov
Keyword(s):  
Pinus Sylvestris ◽  
Pine Forests ◽  
Russian Plain ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
The South ◽  
Natural Recovery ◽  
Living Space ◽  
Western Segment ◽  
Subsequent Wave ◽  
Vast Territory

The study was carried out on the territory of the south-western segment of the Russian Plain in 2003–2020, so this research made it possible to identify a number of patterns typical for the process of natural recovery of pine forests (Pinus sylvestris L.). In particular, the obtained data indicate that population surges within the boundaries of the semiarid zone of the plain correlate with the climatic features of the region and are connected with the processes of Atlantic cyclonicity. The trail of the population surge, characteristic to steppe pine forests, is traced in the zone of coniferous-deciduous forests and on the southern borders of the plain, in the forest-steppe foothills of Crimea. The researchers confirmed the homogeneity of circulation processes and the course of the main climatic indicators. It is supposed to be one of the most probable reasons for the synchronicity of bursts of recovery on the vast territory of the south-western segment of the Russian Plain. Periodic repetitive population surges are aimed at restoration of the lost living space of pine forests. Autoregulation of the structure of undergrowth cenopopulations in accordance with the capacity of the renewal niche and a variety of ecological conditions allows each subsequent wave of renewal to master all potentially possible niches of the pine population space and is the basis for improving the structure and stability of the population.

scholarly journals Highly Productive Pine Forests in a Changing Climate

2021 ◽  
pp. 9-23
Author(s):  
Nina F. Kuznetsova ◽  
◽  
Elena S. Klushevskaya ◽  
Elena Yu. Amineva
Keyword(s):  
Pinus Sylvestris ◽  
Scots Pine ◽  
Genetic Material ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Test Site ◽  
Pine Forests ◽  
Soil Drought ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Changing Climate ◽  
Vital State

Forest steppe of the Central Chernozem Region (CCR) of Russia belongs to the zone of highly productive pine forests. In 2015, for the first time a partial destabilization of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) was recorded within the territory of the CCR. It affected the population, organism and cellular levels of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.). The destabilization was caused by the 8-year heatwave of 2007–2014 followed by a sharp drop in the water table and four severe droughts (2007, 2010, 2012, and 2014). The analysis was carried out on two sites of pine forest plantations growing in the environmentally sound region: the Stupino test site (Voronezh region, typical plantation for the CCR) and the Usman site (Lipetsk region, lands with elevated groundwater level). The results of morphological, cytogenetic and biochemical studies of model trees of the Stupino test site during the following periods are presented: 4 optimal years in terms of weather conditions, 2014 drought year and 2015 destabilization year. It was found that prolonged hydrothermal stress resulted in the transition of pine from the basic equilibrium state to a slightly nonequilibrium state. The trigger mechanism for changing their vital state was a severe autumn soil drought in 2014, after which the plants became weakened right before winter. A decrease in cone bioproductivity by the traits of seed fullness and the total number of seeds per cone, a change in population sampling structure, an increase in the number of mitosis pathologies, and an increase in proline content in needles were observed despite optimal weather conditions in 2015. The recovery of species was studied for three subsequent optimal years on the example of the Stupino and Usman populations. Experimental data indicate that the processes of vital state normalization involve profound changes in metabolism and require certain energy expenditures. It took the Stupino population longer to return to the regional norm, which indicates a different depth of destabilization of the tree genetic material of the studied populations. For citation: Kuznetsova N.F., Klushevskaya E.S, Amineva E.Yu. Highly Productive Pine Forests in a Changing Climate. Lesnoy Zhurnal [Russian Forestry Journal], 2021, no. 6, pp. 9–23. DOI: 10.37482/0536-1036-2021-6-9-23

scholarly journals Discrimination of Scots pine forests in the Iberian Central System (Pinus sylvestris var. iberica, Pinaceae) by means of pollen analysis. Phytosociological considerations

Lazaroa ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 191-208 ◽  
Author(s):  
José Antonio López-Sáez ◽  
Daniel Sánchez-Mata ◽  
Francisca Alba-Sánchez ◽  
Daniel Abel-Schaad ◽  
Rosario G. Gavilán ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pinus Sylvestris ◽  
Scots Pine ◽  
Pollen Analysis ◽  
Pine Forests ◽  
Central System ◽  
Scots Pine Forests

scholarly journals Genetic Structure and Interpopulation Differentiation of Eight Pinus sylvestris L. Populations in the Eastern European Plain

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (12) ◽  
pp. 89-97
Author(s):  
Ya. Sboeva ◽  
S. Boronnikova
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Structure ◽  
Pinus Sylvestris ◽  
Genetic Distance ◽  
Total Sample ◽  
Russian Plain ◽  
Population Subdivision ◽  
Gene Pools ◽  
Eastern European ◽  
The Common ◽  
Expected Proportion

A study of the genetic structure and differentiation of eight populations of Pinus sylvestris L. on the Russian Plain showed that the populations of PsI and PsII (D=0.066) are located at the smallest genetic distance, and between the populations of PsI and PsIV (D=0.308) at the greatest genetic distance. On the dendrogram, the studied populations formed four clusters: PsI and PsII; PsIII and PsIV; PsV and PsVI; PsVII and PsVIII. Analysis of the genetic structure of eight populations of P. sylvestris showed that the expected proportion of heterozygous genotypes (HT) for the total sample was 0.320, the expected proportion of heterozygous genotypes in a single population for all loci (HS) was 0.170, therefore, the population subdivision (GST) was high and amounted to 0.468. The studied populations are highly differentiated, since the interpopulation component accounts for 46.8% of the genetic diversity. In all studied populations, the indicator h has values less than 0.3. An analysis of the fraction of rare alleles showed that the genetic structure is less balanced in the populations PsIII (h=0.254) and PsIV (h=0.273). The most balanced genetic structure in the populations of PsVII (h=0.112) and PsVIII (h=0.127). Data on the genetic structure and differentiation of the common pine populations should be taken into account when developing recommendations for preserving their gene pools.

scholarly journals PINE FORESTS OF THE CLASS ERICO–PINETEA HORVAT 1959 FROM DAGESTAN (NORTHERN CAUCASUS)

Ekosistemy ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 27-42
Author(s):  
N. B. Ermakov ◽  
Z. A. Abdurakhmanova ◽  
Yu. V. Plugatar
Keyword(s):  
Pinus Sylvestris ◽  
Boreal Forests ◽  
Species Group ◽  
Pine Forests ◽  
Northern Caucasus ◽  
High Mountain ◽  
Western Atlantic ◽  
Quantitative Classification ◽  
Diagnostic Species ◽  
Western Asia

The paper represents the results of grass pine forests classification in Dagestan by the Brown-Blanquet method. A number of 68 releves of pine forests (taken from the paper by Abdurakhmanova et al., 2018) were included in two higher categories of vegetation – the boreal forests of the class Vaccinio–Piceetea Br.-Bl. in Br.-Bl. et al. 1939 and the sub-Mediterranean thermophilous forests of the class Erico–Pinetea Horvat 1959 based on the quantitative classification. Comparative syntaxonomic analysis of the Caucasian communities of the Erico–Pinetea class revealed their high level of floristic originality in comparison with similar forests of southern Europe, Western Asia and Crimea. This corresponds to the unique bioclimatic conditions of Dagestan located on the territory with a clear effect of «rain shadow» from the high mountain ranges of the Greater Caucasus stretching on the way of the western Atlantic moist air masses that result in the high climate continentality. These essential ecological and floristic peculiarities of the grass pine forests of the Eastern Caucasus provided a basis for the description of a new order — Alchemillo sericaceae–Pinetalia sylvestris ord. nova hoc loco representing the extreme eastern part of the Erico–Pinetea class range. The diagnostic species group of the order includes dominantly Eastern-Euxinian, Caucasian endemics and Eurasian xerophilous species: Juniperus oblonga, Alchemilla sericata, Galium valantioides, Peucedanum ruthenicum, Thalictrum foetidum, Rosa elasmacantha, Filipendula vulgaris, Koeleria cristata, as well as diagnostic species of subordinated alliances. The order includes two alliances demonstrating the ecological and floristic differences of Dagestan pine forests due to the thermic factor. The alliance Bupleuro polyphylli–Pinion sylvestris all. nova hoc loco (holotypus of the order) includes grass pine forests with predominance of thermophilous floristic elements. Differential species of the alliance are Astrantia major, Valeriana alliariifolia, Polygonatum verticillatum, Pyrethrum coccineum, Psephellus daghestanicus, Galium rubioides, Calamagrostis arundinacea, Rubus saxatilis, Brachypodium pinnatum, Fragaria vesca, Fragaria viridis, Primula macrocalyx, Anthriscus sylvestris, Amoria ambigua, Bupleurum polyphyllum, Hylocomium splendens, Pleurozium schreberi, Dicranum scoparium, Rhytidiadelphus triquetrus, Rhodobryum roseum, Climacium dendroides, Abietinella abietina, Plagiomnium cuspidatum, Betula litwinowii, B. pendula. Three associations and two non-rank communities were included in the alliance (Carici albae–Pinetum sylvestris Ermakov, Abdurakhmanova, Potapenko 2019 — holotypus of the alliance, Ranunculo caucasicae–Pinetum sylvestris ass. nova hoc loco, Viburno lanatae–Pinetum sylvestris Ermakov, Abdurakhmanova, Potapenko 2019, community Stachys atherocalyx–Pinus sylvestris, community Centaurea phrygia–Pinus sylvestris). The alliance Onobrichido cornutae–Pinion sylvestris all. nova hoc loco includes unique cryophilous pine forests with predominance of the cushion plants in the gound layer and numerous constant species of Caucasian cryophilous and xerophilous endemics. Diagnostic species of the alliance are Onobrychis cornuta, Festuca woronowii, Gypsophila tenuifolia, Salvia canescens, Rosa elasmacantha, Androsace koso-poljanskii, Galium brachyphyllum, Thymus daghestanicus, Asperula alpina, Anthemis dumetorum, Scutellaria oreophila, Satureja subdentata, Potentilla recta, Teucrium polium, Euphorbia virgate, Scabiosa gumbetica, Astragalus alexandri, A. fissuralis, Seseli alexeenkoi, Pseudomuscari pallens, Rhamnus pallasii, Vincetoxicum funebre, Jurinea ruprechtii, Helianthemum dagestanicum, Stipa caucasica, Centaurea edmondii, Selaginella helvetica, Scorzonera filifolia, Dracocephalum austriacum, Viola somchetica, Oxytropis lanata. At present the alliance is represented by a single association – the Onobrichido cornutae–Pinetum sylvestris ass. nova hoc loco. The results of the classification have demonstrated a significant level of originality of the Caucasian grass pine forests and a high floristic status of the Caucasus as a one of the important centers of modern phytodiversity.

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