scholarly journals Monitoring of fish diseases in the Magadan region

2021 ◽  
Vol 36 ◽  
pp. 07008
Author(s):  
E.A. Vitomskova
Keyword(s):  
Pacific Salmon ◽  
Animal Health ◽  
Natural Populations ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Commercial Fish ◽  
Fish Diseases ◽  
North East ◽  
Comparative Aspect ◽  
Different Seasons

In such a large region as the Far North-East of Russia, there is still no purposeful ichthyopathological study of fish diseases, which has epizootic and epidemiological significance. The material for the study was commercial fish caught in different seasons of 1995-2021. As a result of the research, individuals of natural populations and in aquaculture with clinical signs of infectious and parasitic diseases were found, and cultures of virulent strains of microorganisms were isolated. According to the results of the parasitological study, larvae of nematodes of the family Anisakidae and plerocercoids of cestodes Diphyllobothriidae, which have important epidemiological and epizootic significance, were registered. Based on long-term ichthyopathological studies, a retrospective review of own data was carried out. The analysis of infectious diseases of mature individuals of anadromous Pacific salmon of the genus Oncorhynchus, as well as long-term parasitological monitoring in a comparative aspect of the invasion of commercial fish by helminths dangerous to human and animal health, is presented.

Salmonella spp. in pigs: an update on diagnostics and control

Livestock ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 38-43
Author(s):  
Christina Gale ◽  
Eduardo Velazquez
Keyword(s):  
Animal Health ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Diagnostic Techniques ◽  
Antimicrobial Treatment ◽  
Diagnostics And Control ◽  
Salmonella Spp ◽  
Pig Farms ◽  
And Control ◽  
On Farm

Salmonella spp. is an important topic for both human and animal health, particularly Salmonella enterica ser. Typhimurium including its monophasic strains. Salmonella is an increasing problem on pig farms and the bacteria are transmitted through breeding pyramids, and can spread rapidly due to the high number of subclinical cases. Therefore, diagnosis on farm is extremely important, ensuring sampling from all areas of the unit to gain the overall infection picture. Modern diagnostic techniques allow differentiation between field and vaccine strains which is extremely important when implementing a vaccination programme on the farm. Vaccination accompanied by hygiene and biosecurity measures make up the three pillars of Salmonella spp. control, each of which should be given equal attention. Vaccination has been shown to be very effective in reducing environmental pressure and therefore prevalence and clinical signs due to S. enterica ser. Typhimurium. Vaccination forms part of successful Salmonella spp. control, although it is important to remember that Salmonella spp. control requires a long-term approach using a combination of interventions and avoiding the long-term use of antimicrobial treatment.

scholarly journals Aqua Drugs and Chemicals Used in Aquaculture in Jamalpur Sadar Upazila of Bangladesh

2018 ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Md. Ausraful Anwar ◽  
M. Mamnur Rashid ◽  
Md. Abu Hena Mostofa Kamal ◽  
Md. Mejanur Rahman ◽  
Debasish Pandit
Keyword(s):  
Animal Health ◽  
Silver Carp ◽  
Water Quality Management ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Growth Promoter ◽  
Fish Farms ◽  
Anabas Testudineus ◽  
Dissolve Oxygen Level ◽  
Commercial Fish ◽  
Fish Diseases

The present study was conducted to know the present status of use of commercial aqua drugs and chemicals and their impact on fish health management in Jamalpur sadar upazila (sub-district). A questionnaire survey was conducted for a period of seven months from December 2013 to June 2014 from nineteen small scale fish farms, seven commercial fish farms, eight fish hatcheries and seven chemical retailers. Five categories of aqua drugs and chemicals were identified and noted in the study area. Those drugs and chemicals were produced by the following seven pharmaceutical companies: Square Pharmaceuticals Ltd., Novarties Animal Health, ACI Animal Health, Fish Tech BD Ltd., Acme Laboratories, Reneta, and Eon Animal Health. Different types of diseases such as edwardsiellosis, EUS (epizotic ulcerative syndrome), red spot and different parasitic diseases were found to occur in pangus (Pangasius hypophthalmus), tilapia (Oreochromis nilotica), sharputi (Puntius sarana), rui (Labeo rohita), mrigal (Cirrhinus mrigala), Thai koi (Anabas testudineus), shing (Heteropneustes fossilis) and silver carp (Hypophthalmicthys molitrix). Geotox, JV Zeolite, Aquakleen and Biomin Aquaboost were used for water quality management; Oxyflow, Bio Care and Oxylife to improve dissolve oxygen level; Megavit Aqua, Aqua Boost, Aquamin, Acimix Super-fish, Square Aquamix and Vitax-C as growth promoter; Oxysentin 20%, Captor, Aquamycine and Renamycin soluble powder as antibiotics; Hepaprotect-Aqua, Timsen, Virex, Polgard Plus as disinfectant; lime, salt, formalin, potash and malachite green were used against fish diseases. Susceptible months of disease outbreak in the study area were November to February. The recovery of fish diseases was found from 50% to 95% in Jamalpur region. Farmers’ poor understandings about the application of aqua drugs and proper withdrawal period were found in the study area which might have adverse effect on fish and human health. Proper training of fish farming community about the appropriate dose and administration methods should be suggested for safe and sustainable aquaculture practices.

Inadvertent intrathecal injection of Gudair vaccine leading to recumbency and ataxia in replacement gimmers: a case of ‘OJD staggers’ in North East England

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. e000713 ◽  
Author(s):  
Benjamin William Strugnell ◽  
Mark Wessels ◽  
Magdalena Reynolds ◽  
Pam Brown
Keyword(s):  
Animal Health ◽  
Intrathecal Injection ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Granulomatous Inflammation ◽  
Neck Region ◽  
Cord Compression ◽  
Acid Fast Bacilli ◽  
North East ◽  
Progressive Ataxia ◽  
Iatrogenic Damage

Five of 730 replacement gimmers in a 5000-ewe crossbred flock presented with progressive ataxia and recumbency over a two-week period. On gross postmortem examination, there was spinal cord compression and large fibrogranulomatous masses in the spinal canal of two lambs. Histological examination of one mass and the adjacent tissues revealed chronic active necrotising and granulomatous inflammation with acid-fast bacilli and severe granulomatous osteomyelitis, respectively. PCR of the mass was positive for Mycobacterium aviumsubspecies paratuberculosis (MAP). Lambs had been injected six weeks previously with a Johne’s disease vaccine (Gudair, Merial Animal Health). Gross and histological findings unequivocally suggest an intrathecal injection; the acid-fast bacilli and PCR-positive result for MAP confirm that the maladministration of vaccine was the cause of the pathology. Great care must be taken when injecting sheep in the neck region to avoid iatrogenic damage. Clinical signs may manifest some weeks or months after injection.

scholarly journals Spread of seafish invasions in the northen sea of okhotsk as a factor of human infection

2021 ◽  
Vol 36 ◽  
pp. 07009
Author(s):  
E.A. Vitomskova ◽  
V.I. Zhuleva
Keyword(s):  
Sea Of Okhotsk ◽  
Human Infection ◽  
Anisakis Simplex ◽  
Osmerus Mordax ◽  
Commercial Fish ◽  
Pseudoterranova Decipiens ◽  
Comparative Aspect ◽  
Saffron Cod

The results of the analysis are presented in the comparative aspect of the long-term - 1989 - 2021. - dynamics of infection of commercial fish with parasites common to humans and animals, and determination of their role in the spread of invasions among the population of the region. During this period, in marine fish – herring Clupea pallasii Valenciennes, 1847 (Clupeiformes: Clupeidae), saffron cod Eleginus gracilis, flounder Acanthopsetta nadeshnyi and smelt Osmerus mordax dentex Steindachner, 1870 – 5 types of helminthes potentially dangerous for humans have been identified, which can cause such dangerous diseases like anisacidosis, diphyllobothriasis and corynosomiasis. All fish species show high rates of invasion. Herring is infested by 97.4%, saffron cod - 55.2%, flounder - 67.5%, smelt - 58.4%. Ichthyopathological examinations isolated Anisakis simplex, Pseudoterranova decipiens, Pyramicocephalus phocarum, Diphyllobothrium sobolevi, Corynosoma strumosum. Individuals with combined invasion were registered: saffron cod Anisakis simplex, Pyramicocephalus phocarum, Corynosoma strumosum; smelt Anisakis simplex (Pseudoterranova decipiens), Diphyllobothrium sobolevi, Corynosoma strumosum. The most dangerous for humans are flounder and smelt due to the localization of helminths in the muscles.

Specific features of long-term domestication of australian crayfish Cherax quadricarinatus in conditions of the western part of Russian Federation

2018 ◽  
Vol 194 ◽  
pp. 188-192
Author(s):  
D. I. Shokasheva
Keyword(s):  
Natural Selection ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Natural Populations ◽  
Cherax Quadricarinatus ◽  
Local Environments ◽  
Local Species ◽  
Adaptive Ability

Natural populations of crayfish are in depression in Russia and local species are not cultivated. In this situation, experimental cultivation of allochtonous australian crayfish Cherax quadricarinatus is conducted. This species is distinguished by high reproductive abilities and good consumer properties. It has domesticated in Russia spontaneously and produced 9–10 generations in Astrakhan Region. Certain natural selection in the process of domestication provides adaptive ability of this species to local environments and its capabil­ity to reproduce a viable progeny, so there is no doubts in good prospects of its cultivation in industrial conditions.

Socioeconomic Challenges faced by Basin’s People in India

Think India ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 296-304
Author(s):  
Biplab Tripathy ◽  
Tanmoy Mondal
Keyword(s):  
River Basin ◽  
High Tide ◽  
North East ◽  
The People ◽  
Term Basis ◽  
Major River ◽  
River Ganga ◽  
Basin Region ◽  
Basin Area

India is a subcontinent, there huge no of people lived in river basin area. In India there more or less 80% of people directly or indirectly depend on River. Ganga, Brahamputra in North and North East and Mahanadi, Govabori, Krishna, Kaveri, Narmoda, Tapti, Mahi in South are the major river basin in India. There each year due to flood and high tide lots of people are suffered in river basin region in India. These problems destroy the socio economic peace and hope of the people in river basin. There peoples are continuously suffered by lots of difficulties in sort or in long term basis. Few basin regions are always in high alert at the time of monsoon seasons. Sometime due to over migration from basin area, it becomes empty and creates an ultimate loss of resources in India and causes a dis-balance situation in this area.

In memory of Vera Antonovna Martynenko (1936-2018)

2018 ◽  
pp. 149-154
Keyword(s):  
Vascular Plants ◽  
Ussr Academy ◽  
Vascular Plant ◽  
Plant Cover ◽  
Komi Republic ◽  
Great Contribution ◽  
North East ◽  
The North ◽  
Natural Flora

Vera Antonovna Martynenko (17.02.1936–06.01.2018) — famous specialist in the field of studying vascular plant flora and vegetation of the Far North, the Honored worker of the Komi Republic (2006), The Komi Republic State Scientific Award winner (2000). She was born in the town Likhoslavl of the Kali­nin (Tver) region. In 1959, Vera Antonovna graduated from the faculty of soil and biology of the Leningrad State University and then moved to the Komi Branch of USSR Academy of Science (Syktyvkar). From 1969 to 1973 she passed correspondence postgraduate courses of the Komi Branch of USSR Academy of ­Science. In 1974, she received the degree of candidate of biology (PhD) by the theme «Comparative analysis of the boreal flora at the Northeast European USSR» in the Botanical Institute (St. Petersburg). In 1996, Vera Antonovna received the degree of doctor of biology in the Institute of plant and animal ecology (Ekaterinburg) «Flora of the northern and mid subzones of the taiga of the European North-East». The study and conservation of species and coenotical diversity of the plant world, namely the vascular plants flora of the Komi Republic and revealing its transformation under the anthropogenic influence, was in the field of V. A. Martynenko’ scientific interests. She made great contribution to the study of the Komi Republic meadow flora and the pool of medi­cinal plants. She performed inventorying and mapping the meadows of several agricultural enterprises of the Republic, revealed the species composition and places for harvesting medicinal plants and studied their productivity in the natural flora of the boreal zone. The results of her long-term studies were used for making the NPA system and the Red Book of the Komi Republic (1998 and 2009). Vera Antonovna participated in the research of the influence of placer gold mining and oil development on the natural ecosystems of the North, and developed the method of long-term monitoring of plant cover. Results of these works are of high practical value. V. A. Martynenko is an author and coauthor of more than 130 scientific publications. The most important jnes are «Flora of Northeast European USSR» (1974, 1976, and 1977), «Floristic composition of fodder lands of the Northeast Europe» (1989), «The forests of the Komi Republic» (1999), «Forestry of forest resources of the Komi Republic» (2000), «The list of flora of the Yugyd va national park» (2003), «The guide for vascular plants of the Syktyvkar and its vicinities» (2005), «Vascular plants of the Komi Republic» (2008), and «Resources of the natural flora of the Komi Republic» (2014). She also was an author of «Encyclopedia of the Komi Republic» (1997, 1999, and 2000), «Historical and cultural atlas of the Komi Republic» (1997), «Atlas of the Komi Republic» (2001, 2011). V. A. Martynenko made a great contribution to the development of the botanical investigations in the North. Since 1982, during more than 10 years, she was the head of the Department of the Institute of Biology. Three Ph. D. theses have been completed under her leadership. Many years, she worked actively in the Dissertation Council of the Institute of biology Komi Scientific Centre UrB RAS.  The death of Vera Antonovna Martynenko is a heavy and irretrievable loss for the staff of the Institute of Biology. The memory of Vera Antonovna will live in her numerous scientific works, the hearts of students and colleagues.

Update on the Boundaries of the Curly Birch Range

2020 ◽  
pp. 9-21
Author(s):  
L.V. Vetchinnikova ◽  
◽  
A.F. Titov ◽  
◽  
Keyword(s):  
Population Size ◽  
Natural Populations ◽  
Forest Tree ◽  
Published Data ◽  
Population Approach ◽  
Key Factors ◽  
History Of ◽  
Individual Trees ◽  
Karelian Birch

The article reports on the application of the best known principles for mapping natural populations of curly (Karelian) birch Betula pendula Roth var. carelica (Mercklin) Hämet-Ahti – one of the most appealing representatives of the forest tree flora. Relying on the synthesis and analysis of the published data amassed over nearly 100 years and the data from own full-scale studies done in the past few decades almost throughout the area where curly birch has grown naturally, it is concluded that its range outlined in the middle of the 20th century and since then hardly revised is outdated. The key factors and reasons necessitating its revision are specified. Herewith it is suggested that the range is delineated using the population approach, and the key element will be the critical population size below which the population is no longer viable in the long term. This approach implies that the boundaries of the taxon range depend on the boundaries of local populations (rather than the locations of individual trees or small clumps of trees), the size of which should not be lower than the critical value, which is supposed to be around 100–500 trees for curly birch. A schematic map of the curly birch range delineated using this approach is provided. We specially address the problem of determining the minimum population size to secure genetic diversity maintenance. The advantages of the population approach to delineating the distribution range of curly birch with regard to its biological features are highlighted. The authors argue that it enables a more accurate delineation of the range; shows the natural evolutionary history of the taxon (although it is not yet officially recognized as a species) and its range; can be relatively easily updated (e.g. depending on the scope of reintroduction); should be taken into account when working on the strategy of conservation and other actions designed to maintain and regenerate this unique representative of the forest tree flora.

scholarly journals Brain Abscess Caused by Nocardia: Case Report and Literature Review

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guilherme Finger ◽  
Maria Eduarda Conte Gripa ◽  
Tiago Paczko Bozko Cecchini ◽  
Tobias Ludwig do Nascimento
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Antibiotic Therapy ◽  
Brain Abscess ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Occipital Lobe ◽  
High Morbidity ◽  
Rare Clinical Entity ◽  
Brain Abscesses

AbstractNocardia brain abscess is a rare clinical entity, accounting for 2% of all brain abscesses, associated with high morbidity and a mortality rate 3 times higher than brain abscesses caused by other bacteria. Proper investigation and treatment, characterized by a long-term antibiotic therapy, play an important role on the outcome of the patient. The authors describe a case of a patient without neurological comorbidities who developed clinical signs of right occipital lobe impairment and seizures, whose investigation demonstrated brain abscess caused by Nocardia spp. The patient was treated surgically followed by antibiotic therapy with a great outcome after 1 year of follow-up.

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