Effectiveness of biotechnology on the basis of associative microorganisms at the early stages of forestry process of the Pinus sylvestris L.

The transition to biologically based technologies is one of the priority scientific areas of agriculture and forestry in Russia. The aim of the work is to develop and modify the technology of using biological products on forest tree species and to test it on Scots pine. The effect of pre-sowing inoculation of pine seeds with biological products on soil germination, safety of one- and two-year-old seedlings and their biometric characteristics was studied. The results of the analysis of soil germination of seeds and the safety of 1-year-old seedlings showed that these biological products can be introduced into the technology of growing planting material of Scots pine. It was revealed that the seeds of sensitive trees of the Stupinskaya population turned out to be the most responsive to inoculation with biological products. A stimulating effect has been established on the survival rate of seedlings, preservation, height, growth and diameter of 2-year-old plants in a forestry area (Vernadsky forestry, Tambov region). The height of 2-year-old seedlings of pine 'Ostrogozhskaya' exceeds the control by an average of 18.1%. The use of this biotechnology in forestry production will create favorable conditions for the germination of pine seeds, the growth of seedlings and their higher survival rate.

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Height growth rate of Scots pine in Central Europe increased by 29% between 1900 and 2000 due to changes in site productivity

Forest Ecology and Management ◽

10.1016/j.foreco.2021.119102 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 490 ◽

pp. 119102

Author(s):

Jarosław Socha ◽

Svein Solberg ◽

Luiza Tymińska-Czabańska ◽

Piotr Tompalski ◽

Patrick Vallet

Keyword(s):

Growth Rate ◽

Central Europe ◽

Scots Pine ◽

Height Growth ◽

Site Productivity

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Non-Destructive Assessment of Wood Stiffness in Scots Pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) and its Use in Forest Tree Improvement

Forests ◽

10.3390/f10060491 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 10 (6) ◽

pp. 491 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Irena Fundova ◽

Tomas Funda ◽

Harry X. Wu

Keyword(s):

Scots Pine ◽

Growth Traits ◽

Wood Quality ◽

Genetic Correlations ◽

Forest Tree ◽

Wood Stiffness ◽

Standing Trees ◽

Genetic And Phenotypic Correlations ◽

Sib Families ◽

Using Data

Wood stiffness is an important wood mechanical property that predetermines the suitability of sawn timber for construction purposes. Negative genetic correlations between wood stiffness and growth traits have, however, been reported for many conifer species including Scots pine. It is, therefore, important that breeding programs consider wood stiffness and growth traits simultaneously. The study aims to (1) evaluate different approaches of calculating the dynamic modulus of elasticity (MOE, non-destructively assessed stiffness) using data from X-ray analysis (SilviScan) as a benchmark, (2) estimate genetic parameters, and (3) apply index selection. In total, we non-destructively measured 622 standing trees from 175 full-sib families for acoustic velocity (VEL) using Hitman and for wood density (DEN) using Resistograph and Pilodyn. We combined VEL with different wood densities, raw (DENRES) and adjusted (DENRES.TB) Resistograph density, Pilodyn density measured with (DENPIL) and without bark (DENPIL.B), constant of 1000 kg·m−3 (DENCONST), and SilviScan density (DENSILV), to calculate MOEs and compare them with the benchmark SilviScan MOE (MOESILV). We also derived Smith–Hazel indices for simultaneous improvement of stem diameter (DBH) and wood stiffness. The highest additive genetic and phenotypic correlations of the benchmark MOESILV with the alternative MOE measures (tested) were attained by MOEDENSILV (0.95 and 0.75, respectively) and were closely followed by MOEDENRES.TB (0.91 and 0.70, respectively) and MOEDENCONST and VEL (0.91 and 0.65, respectively for both). Correlations with MOEDENPIL, MOEDENPIL.B, and MOEDENRES were lower. Narrow-sense heritabilities were moderate, ranging from 0.39 (MOESILV) to 0.46 (MOEDENSILV). All indices revealed an opportunity for joint improvement of DBH and MOE. Conclusions: MOEDENRES.TB appears to be the most efficient approach for indirect selection for wood stiffness in Scots pine, although VEL alone and MOEDENCONST have provided very good results too. An index combining DBH and MOEDENRES.TB seems to offer the best compromise for simultaneous improvement of growth, fiber, and wood quality traits.

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DEVELOPMENT OF A WHITE PINE UNDERPLANTATION IN THINNED AND UNTHINNED ASPEN

The Forestry Chronicle ◽

10.5558/tfc42244-3 ◽

1966 ◽

Vol 42 (3) ◽

pp. 244-250 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

John R. Clements

Keyword(s):

High Mortality ◽

Height Growth ◽

White Pine ◽

Poor Growth ◽

Slow Growing ◽

Growth Of Seedlings

In 1936, part of a dense 12-year-old aspen sucker stand was thinned. In the following year thinned and unthinned portions of the stand were underplanted with 2-2 white pine stock.By 1950, most seedlings were still small and slow-growing. Mortality among these individuals was high in the following 10 years but mortality was fairly light among seedlings of taller height classes. Height growth of seedlings continued to be poor so long as the crowns were below the shrub layer.White pine planted beneath young aspen stands require care at least until they are about 4 feet tall, especially on moist sites. The underbrush must be controlled, otherwise excessively high mortality and poor growth of the survivors will result.

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TREATMENT OF SCOTS PINE SEEDS BY BIOLOGICAL PREPARATIONS AS A WAY OF IMPROVING THE PLANTING MATERIAL QUALITY IN FOREST NURSERIES OF KRASNOYARSK KRAI

Сибирский лесной журнал ◽

10.15372/sjfs20210301 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 3-16

Author(s):

I. D. Grodnitskaya ◽

G. G. Polyakova ◽

V. A. Senashova ◽

O. E. Pashkeeva ◽

N. V. Pashenova ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Scots Pine ◽

Krasnoyarsk Krai ◽

Material Quality ◽

Planting Material ◽

Forest Nurseries

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Effect of cattle and wildlife exclusion areas on the survival and growth of Pinus culminicola Andresen & Beaman

Ecosistemas y Recursos Agropecuarios ◽

10.19136/era.a5n13.1043 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 5 (13) ◽

pp. 157 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Javier Jiménez Pérez ◽

José Israel Israel Yerena Yamallel ◽

Eduardo Alanís Rodríguez ◽

Oscar Alberto Aguirre Calderón ◽

René Alejandro Martínez Barrón

Keyword(s):

Survival Rate ◽

Small Mammals ◽

Small Mammal ◽

Weather Conditions ◽

Height Growth ◽

Natural Area ◽

Free Range ◽

Protected Natural Area ◽

Causes Of Mortality ◽

Survival And Growth

In 1997, a restoration of Pinus culminicola was established under three exclusion areas: E1 = cattle plus small mammal exclusion, E2 = cattle exclusion and E3 = no exclusion (free range), in the Cerro El Potosi Protected Natural Area, located in Nuevo León, Mexico. The objective of this study was to determine the survival rate and the increase in diameter and height of Pinus culminicola individuals at three and 17 years after planting. The results show differences between 2000 and 2014 in survival rate and diameter and height growth in the three exclusion areas; E1 and E2 recorded higher averages. The main causes of mortality in this species are attributed to extreme weather conditions and the damage caused by cattle and small mammals.

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Effect of soil physical properties on the long-term performance of planted Scots pine in Finnish Lapland

Canadian Journal of Soil Science ◽

10.4141/cjss08070 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 90 (3) ◽

pp. 451-465 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

K. Mäkitalo ◽

V. Alenius ◽

J. Heiskanen ◽

K. Mikkola

Keyword(s):

Physical Properties ◽

Water Content ◽

Scots Pine ◽

Soil Physical Properties ◽

Height Growth ◽

Site Preparation ◽

Preparation Methods ◽

Finnish Lapland

Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) and Norway spruce (Picea abies L. Karst.) forests dominate in Finnish Lapland. This study examined the long-term effects of soil physical properties and conditions measured in intact intermediate areas, as well as site preparation, on the survival and height growth of planted pine on eight experimental sites, 25-27 yr after reforestation. On the four originally spruce-dominated sites, pine survival was the highest on sites with a high soil air-filled porosity (AFP) near saturation (at -1 kPa), a high van Genuchten parameter, and a low soil water content (SWC) in situ, and height growth was the fastest on sites with a high soil AFP in situ and a high van Genuchten parameter n, and on sites reaching a soil AFP of ca. 0.20 m3 m-3 at a high matric potential after saturation. Survival, but not mean height, was enhanced on the spruce sites by intensive site preparation methods such as ploughing instead of lighter site preparation methods. On the four originally pine-dominated sites, site preparation affected the mean height but not survival. The use of SWC as a sole criterion for sites suitable for pine reforestation was tested and found to be uncertain. Key words: Boreal forest soils, soil water content, air-filled porosity, van Genuchten function, site preparation, reforestation, Scots pine

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Factors related to seedling growth in a boreal Scots pine stand: a spatial analysis of a vegetation–soil system

Canadian Journal of Forest Research ◽

10.1139/x93-262 ◽

1993 ◽

Vol 23 (10) ◽

pp. 2101-2109 ◽

Cited By ~ 61

Author(s):

Timo Kuuluvainen ◽

Timo J. Hokkanen ◽

Erkki Järvinen ◽

Timo Pukkala

Keyword(s):

Soil Properties ◽

Scots Pine ◽

Seedling Growth ◽

Mineral Soil ◽

Height Growth ◽

Understory Vegetation ◽

Small Scale ◽

Theory Approach ◽

Seedling Height ◽

Canopy Trees

The spatial structure of vegetation and soil properties of a patchy Scots pine (Pinussylvestris L.) forest of 1 ha was described and examined in relation to the height growth of pine seedlings in the understory. Measured ecosystem properties included the distribution and sizes of canopy trees, within-stand radiation regime, composition of understory vegetation, and topsoil and mineral soil properties. The joint distance dependent effects of large trees were described as the influence potential, derived from the ecological field theory approach. The variation in understory vegetation and soil characteristics was described as score values, derived from multivariate analyses, summarizing the variation of multiple measured variables; factor analysis was used for topsoil and mineral soil properties and canonical correspondence analysis was used for understory species composition. The spatial variation of variables was examined and mapped using geostatistical techniques. The influence potential of canopy trees, as determined by their size and spatial distribution, correlated most strongly with seedling growth, so that the height growth of seedlings was retarded in the vicinity of trees. Correlations suggest that canopy trees also affected seedlings indirectly through their dominating effect on the properties of understory vegetation and humus layer. The mineral soil nutrient content showed a weak positive correlation with seedling height growth. All the factors related to seedling growth showed substantial small-scale variation across the 1-ha study site. The analysis suggests that the variation in seedling height growth in the understory of the studied Scots pine stand is largely caused by the spatial heterogeneity of both above- and below-ground factors and by the joint effect of their complex interaction.

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Washing Roots Reduces Vigor of Loblolly Pine Seedlings

Southern Journal of Applied Forestry ◽

10.1093/sjaf/25.1.25 ◽

2001 ◽

Vol 25 (1) ◽

pp. 25-30

Author(s):

William A. Carey ◽

David B. South ◽

M. Williford ◽

J. Britt

Keyword(s):

Pinus Taeda ◽

Loblolly Pine ◽

Fine Roots ◽

Height Growth ◽

Initial Height ◽

Pine Seedlings ◽

Loam Soil ◽

Bud Growth ◽

Pinus Taeda L ◽

Growth Of Seedlings

Abstract Loblolly pine (Pinus taeda L.) seedlings were lifted from two nurseries in Georgia, and the roots were washed using equipment built for that purpose. Seedlings then received two levels of storage and were outplanted not far from the nursery of origin (one loam soil and one sandy soil). Immediately after washing, root weights and the length of fine roots did not differ among wash treatments from either nursery. Survival was excellent for all treatments on the loam soil, but a single wash reduced survival by 5 to 10% when seedlings were planted in sand. Washing slowed the rate of budbreak and early height growth. Bud growth of seedlings planted in a stress pit (containing sand) was correlated with both root growth 1 month after planting (r = 0.36,P = 0.0003) and survival 2 months after planting (r =0.62,P = 0.01). Among seedlings outplanted on a sandy site, initial height growth also correlated with survival (r = 0.49,P = 0.007). South. J. Appl. For. 25(1):25–30.

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