The initiation stage of Food Court Waste during air versus steam gasification processes

Using different gasification agents: air and steam, two types of gasification process were performed into a batch reactor at temperature of 750°C and 850°C and atmospheric pressure. The only difference between of the two compared experimental configurations was represented by the gasification agent used in the process. The amount of oxygen introduced into the reactor for air gasification at an ER of 0.3 was computed. Therefore, in the steam gasification process, the same amount of oxygen was introduced, so establishing an unordinary steam to biomass ratio. In this way, the two processes, air vs. steam gasification, were compared, the rest of the process parameters being kept constant. This paper approaches the transitory regimes (initiation stage) of gasification process in order to observe the influence of process temperature and gasification agent on the process run. According to the experimental results, better gas quality is obtained if steam is used as a gasifying agent, yet the conversion and energy efficiencies decreases. By optimizing time residence in steam gasification, process efficiencies may be increased.

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Experimental study of Food Court Waste air gasification process performances in a batch reactor

E3S Web of Conferences ◽

10.1051/e3sconf/201911201019 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 112 ◽

pp. 01019 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Raluca Nicoleta Tîrtea ◽

Gabriela Ionescu ◽

Cora Bulmău ◽

Cosmin Mărculescu

Keyword(s):

Energy Efficiency ◽

Process Parameters ◽

Conversion Rate ◽

Batch Reactor ◽

Operational Parameters ◽

Glass Waste ◽

Influence Of Process Parameters ◽

Equivalent Ratio ◽

Gasification Process ◽

Waste Air

The paper presents the experimental results of Food Court Waste air gasification using a batch reactor. This type of waste is generated mainly in the food court areas of services spaces, shopping centers, airports and malls and is generally composed of paper & cardboard, plastic, organic, wood, metal and glass waste. The process operating parameters were: temperatures between 650°C and 850°C and an equivalent ratio of 0.25 and 0.4 respectively. The study focused on the influence of process parameters on the energy conversion rate considering the cold gas and hot gas efficiency correlated with the feedstock carbon conversion rate. The recorded instantaneous concentrations of sampled gas species were plotted in time dependent graphs for accurate variation curves of gases concentrations. The results can be used to isolate the startup stage of the gasification process and to establish the optimal process parameters for increased overall energy efficiency. In conclusion, considering the current setup, operational parameters and process energy efficiency, the optimal temperature for the air gasification of Food Court Waste is 850ºC with an equivalent ratio of 0.40.

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Utilization of Modified Zeolite as Catalyst for Steam Gasification of Palm Kernel Shell

BULLETIN OF CHEMICAL REACTION ENGINEERING AND CATALYSIS ◽

10.9767/bcrec.16.3.10837.623-631 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 16 (3) ◽

pp. 623-631

Author(s):

Joko Waluyo ◽

Petric Marc Ruya ◽

Dwi Hantoko ◽

Jenny Rizkiana ◽

I.G.B.N. Makertihartha ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Palm Kernel ◽

Acid Leaching ◽

Steam Gasification ◽

Zeolite Catalysts ◽

Raw Material ◽

Palm Kernel Shell ◽

Gasification Process ◽

Biomass Ratio ◽

Tar Cracking ◽

Palm Kernel Shells

Syngas from biomass gasification is being developed for alternative feedstock in the chemical industry. Palm kernel shell which is generated from palm oil industry can be potentially used as raw material for gasification process. The purpose of this study was to investigate the use of modified natural zeolite catalysts in steam gasification of palm kernel shells. Mordenite type zeolite was modified by acid leaching to be used as a tar cracking catalyst. Steam gasification was conducted at the temperature range of 750–850 °C and the steam to biomass ratio was in the range of 0–2.25. The result showed that steam gasification of palm kernel shell with the addition of zeolite catalyst at 750 °C and steam to biomass ratio 2.25 could reduce tar content up to 98% or became 0.7 g/Nm3. In this study, gasification of palm kernel shells produced syngas with the hydrogen concentration in the range of 52–64% and H2/CO ratio of 2.7–5.7. Copyright © 2021 by Authors, Published by BCREC Group. This is an open access article under the CC BY-SA License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0).

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Hydrogen production via integrated configuration of steam gasification process of biomass and water‐gas shift reaction: Process simulation and optimization

International Journal of Energy Research ◽

10.1002/er.7087 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Mokhtar Akhond Babatabar ◽

Majid Saidi

Keyword(s):

Hydrogen Production ◽

Process Simulation ◽

Steam Gasification ◽

Water Gas Shift ◽

Water Gas Shift Reaction ◽

Simulation And Optimization ◽

Gasification Process ◽

Process Simulation And Optimization ◽

Shift Reaction ◽

Water Gas

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Hydrogen rich product gas from air-steam gasification of Indian biomasses with waste engine oil as binder

10.21203/rs.3.rs-794017/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Prashant Sharma ◽

Bhupendra Gupta ◽

Mukesh Pandey

Keyword(s):

Equivalence Ratio ◽

Calorific Value ◽

Steam Gasification ◽

Engine Oil ◽

Small Scale ◽

Hydrogen Yield ◽

Syngas Production ◽

Waste Engine Oil ◽

Product Gas ◽

Biomass Ratio

Abstract Present study concerns with the production of H2 rich product gas by thermochemical energy conversion having biomass gasification as a route for the four biomasses i.e., Kasai Saw Dust, Lemon Grass, Wheat Straw and Pigeon Pea Seed Coat. The biomasses are from the family of woody biomass, grasses, agricultural waste and food process industry wastes. Waste engine oil as an additive is used, which also acts as a binder. Air gasification and Air-steam gasification is applied and compared for product gas composition, hydrogen yield and other performance parameters like lower heating value, energy yield. Product gas constituents, hydrogen production is examined with different steam to biomass ratio (S/B ratio) and equivalence ratio. The equivalence ratio varies from 0.20–0.40 and the steam to biomass ratio varies between 0–4. The waster engine oil is mixed with the biomasses with different percentage of 5 and 10 wt%. For enhancement of feedstock quality palletization process is applied. The H2 yield is greatly affected by the equivalence ratio. Results show maximum H2 production and higher calorific value of product gas at an air to fuel of 0.26 for all the biomass pallets. Also, the S/B ratio observed as important aspect for hydrogen enrichment. Hydrogen yield is maximum at 2.4 steam to biomass ratio. This study considers the rarely studied Indian biomasses with waste engine oil as an additive for hydrogen-rich product gas production and will be beneficial for small scale hydrogen-rich syngas production considering the central Indian region originated biomasses. Statement of Novelty (SON): Research work belongs to eco-friendly use of rarely studied Indian biomass pallets. Equivalence air to fuel ratio (E/R ratio), steam to biomass ratio (S/B ratio) and waste engine oil as additive have been considered to upgrade H2 content and Calorific Value (CV) of the product gas. Novelty of work include use of waste engine oil as additive to make biomass pallets.

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CFD researched on rice husk gasification in a pilot fixed bed up-draft system

Science and Technology Development Journal ◽

10.32508/stdj.v19i3.571 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 19 (3) ◽

pp. 96-109

Author(s):

Phung Thi Kim Le ◽

Viet Tan Tran ◽

Thien Luu Minh Nguyen ◽

Viet Vuong Pham ◽

Truc Thanh Nguyen ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mathematical Modeling ◽

Rice Husk ◽

Alternative Energy ◽

Fossil Fuels ◽

Fixed Bed ◽

Steam Gasification ◽

Actual Process ◽

Ansys Fluent ◽

Alternative Energy Sources ◽

Gasification Process

Finding alternative energy sources for fossil fuels was a global matter of concern, especially in developing countries. Rice husk, an abundant biomass in Viet Nam, was used to partially replace fossil fuels by gasification process. The study was conducted on the pilot plant fixed bed up-draft gasifier with two kind of gasification agents, pure air and air-steam mixture. Mathematical modeling and computer simulations were also used to describe and optimize the gasification processes. Mathematical modeling was based on Computational Fluid Dynamics method and simulation was carried by using Ansys Fluent software. Changes in outlet composition of syngas components (CO, CO2, CH4, H2O, H2) and temperature of process, in relation with ratio of steam in gasification agents, were presented. Obtained results indicated concentration of CH4, H2 in outlet was increased significantly when using air-steam gasification agents than pure air. The discrepancies among the gasification agents were determined to improve the actual process.

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Optimization of co-gasification process parameters of pretreated palm kernel shell and pretreated Malaysian low rank coal using response surface methodology

10.1063/1.5054218 ◽

2018 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Razi Ahmad ◽

Mohd Azlan Mohd Ishak ◽

Nur Nasulhah Kasim ◽

Khudzir Ismail

Keyword(s):

Response Surface Methodology ◽

Response Surface ◽

Process Parameters ◽

Palm Kernel ◽

Low Rank ◽

Low Rank Coal ◽

Palm Kernel Shell ◽

Gasification Process

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Experimental Evaluation of Glob-top Materials for use in Harsh Environments

Journal of Microelectronics and Electronic Packaging ◽

10.4071/1551-4897-2.4.253 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 2 (4) ◽

pp. 253-268 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Mats Lindgren ◽

Ilja Belov ◽

Peter Leisner

Keyword(s):

Process Parameters ◽

Experimental Evaluation ◽

Experimental Results ◽

Polymer Materials ◽

Harsh Environments ◽

Automotive Applications ◽

Critical Material ◽

Material Evaluation

This article presents results of experimental evaluation of glob-top materials for multi-chip-modules (MCM) in harsh environments. Material and process tests have been performed with the purpose to find a material which would fulfill the reliability requirements for use e.g. in military or automotive applications. Seven polymer materials, i.e. four epoxies, two silicones and one polyurethane material have been selected and evaluated in the experiments. The most critical material and process parameters for glob-top have been identified and measured. Based on the experimental results, application-based scoring of studied epoxy materials has been performed. Material evaluation results have been summarized in conclusions about the most suitable glob-top material for use in harsh environments.

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Optimization of FCAW Parameters for Ferrite Content in 2205 DSS Welds Based on the Taguchi Design Method

Advances in Materials Science and Engineering ◽

10.1155/2018/7950607 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 2018 ◽

pp. 1-7 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Tianqi Li ◽

Yingying Zhang ◽

Lei Gao ◽

Yunhao Zhang

Keyword(s):

Mathematical Model ◽

Process Parameters ◽

Welding Speed ◽

Design Method ◽

Welding Current ◽

Taguchi Design ◽

Experimental Results ◽

Ferrite Content ◽

Welding Parameters ◽

Torch Angle

This study presents the Taguchi design method with L9 orthogonal array which was carried out to optimize the flux-cored arc welding (FCAW) process parameters such as welding current, welding voltage, welding speed, and torch angle with reference to vertical for the ferrite content of duplex stainless steel (DSS, UNS S32205) welds. The analysis of variance (ANOVA) was applied, and a mathematical model was developed to predict the effect of process parameters on the responses. The results indicate that welding current, welding voltage, welding speed, torch angle with reference to vertical, and the interaction of welding voltage and welding speed are the significant model terms connected with the ferrite content. The ferrite content increases with the increase of welding speed and torch angle with reference to vertical, but decreases with the increase of welding current and welding voltage. Through the developed mathematical model, the target of 50% ferrite content in weld metal can be obtained when all the welding parameters are set at the optimum values. Finally, in order to validate experimental results, confirmation tests were implemented at optimum working conditions. Under these conditions, there was good accordance between the predicted and the experimental results for the ferrite content.

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THE KINETICS OF CaO ASSISTED PATTUKKU CHARCOAL STEAM GASIFICATION

REAKTOR ◽

10.14710/reaktor.18.1.16-21 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 18 (1) ◽

pp. 16

Author(s):

Takdir Syarif ◽

H Sulistyo ◽

Wahyudi B Sediawan ◽

B Budhijanto

Keyword(s):

Activation Energy ◽

Tubular Reactor ◽

Steam Gasification ◽

Effect Of Temperature ◽

Composition Analysis ◽

Zone Model ◽

Kinetics Parameters ◽

Exponential Factor ◽

Surface Diffusivity ◽

Gasification Process

Abstract Coal is a solid fuel that can be converted into syngas through gasification process. To obtain optimum gasification process design and operation, in-depth understanding of the influential parameters is required. This study aims to investigate the effect of temperature on the gasification process and to obtain its kinetics parameters. The study was carried out in a tubular reactor equipped with a heater and a condenser. Steam was used as gasifying agent, while CaO was employed as a CO2 adsorbent. The charcoal from coal was subjected to gasification at temperatures of 600°C, 700°C, and 800°C. The ratio of charcoal and CaO was 1:1. The gasification process lasted for 60 minutes with gas sample was taken every 15 minutes for composition analysis. The results showed that a temperature increase of 100°C caused a proportional increase of conversion of about 75% higher. The value of activation energy (Ea) and exponential factor (ko) were 46.645kJ/mole and 328.3894/min, respectively. For mass transfer parameters, values of activation energy for surface diffusion (Es) and surface diffusivity factor (as) were 81.126 kJ/mole and 0.138/min, respectively. Keywords: gasification; mathematical model; Pattukku coal char; steam; Thin Reaction Zone Model

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