scholarly journals Physical components and influence factors of municipal solid waste (MSW) in the residential area of Beijing

2019 ◽  
Vol 118 ◽  
pp. 04012
Author(s):  
Hongyu Zhang ◽  
Guiqin Wang ◽  
Yaxuan Bai ◽  
Rihui Chen ◽  
Li Zhang

The treatment, disposal and management of municipal solid waste strongly depend on the composition and characteristics of municipal solid waste. The Physical composition of MSW and its influencing factors were investigated and analyzed in the residential of Beijing area. The result showed that the composition of MSW in four seasons was similar, and the kitchen was the main composition of MSW, accounting for 69-74% of the total amount of MSW. The average age of families, educational backgrounds, family income and building area have a great influence on the physical proportion of MSW. As the average age of the family increases, the proportion of other wastes was gradually reduced, the proportion of the harmful waste was increased. With the increase of educational backgrounds and family income, the content of kitchen waste decreased, while the content of recyclable waste increased obviously. The 50 square meters was used as a dividing point for the residential area of the family, the kitchen waste decreased at first and then increased, while the proportion of disposable packaging and other waste increases at first and then decreases with the increase of building area.

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 5500
Author(s):  
Bangxi Zhang ◽  
Feifei Fan ◽  
Chao Guo ◽  
Mingji Yu ◽  
Mingcan Zhao ◽  
...  

With the development of urbanization, kitchen waste and garden waste have become an important part of municipal solid waste (MSW), which is in urgent need of resource treatment. This study investigated the impacts of garden waste as auxiliary materials on maturity and odor emissions (NH3 and H2S) during kitchen waste composting. The result showed that the combined composting product of kitchen waste and garden waste achieved the maturity effect, and the co-composting effect was better than that of separate composting of kitchen waste. Meanwhile, compared with the separate composting treatment of kitchen waste, the co-composting treatment of kitchen waste and garden waste can effectively reduce the cumulative emissions of H2S by more than 85%, and effectively reduce the cumulative emissions of NH3 by more than 75%. This study provides a technical reference for the green fertilizer utilization of kitchen waste and garden waste.


2013 ◽  
Vol 14 (1&2) ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Shalini Sharma ◽  
Subash C. Gupta

The present paper deals with the analysis of solid waste generation and composition within the municipal limits of Akhnoor town which starts from the main bridge on the river Chenab and extends up to Sohal-Sungal turn. For purpose of studies, the residential area was divided into four zones and from each zone, five houses were selected at random for the sampling and analysis of solid waste for a period of one year. Characterization and management of solid waste alongwith methods of disposal of Municipal Solid Waste (MSW) were studied to analyze its impact on the environment and people inhabiting the area. Proper disposal methods have also been suggested so that the environment in general and the population inhabiting the area in particular is saved from the hazardous effects of fast increasing menace of the waste.


2014 ◽  
Vol 878 ◽  
pp. 23-29
Author(s):  
Jing Ying Ma ◽  
Jian Yi Zhan ◽  
Yue Jun Zhang

The management of municipal solid waste (MSW) in China is facing urgent problems with rapid industrialization and urbanization. This article focused on the status of Hangzhou, capital city of Zhejiang province, China. The regulations, policies, implementation, barriers and solutions about source separation, separate collection, clean & direct transportation, treatment and disposal were introduced. Source separation, separate collection and clean & direct transportation were seriously carried out from 2010. MSW was classified into four kinds, such as kitchen waste, hazardous waste, recyclable waste and other waste. Four kinds of wastes were collected, transported, treated and disposed, respectively. At the same time, a questionnaire survey was conducted in 2011 on 200 households in Xiasha and Gongshu Districts in Hangzhou. The results indicate that many citizens cannot effectively and correctly separated different kinds of solid wastes. Kitchen waste was directly disposed in landfill, because there is no composting plant in Hangzhou City. The collection of recoverable waste and hazardous waste was not in control of municipal solid waste management (MSWM) system. In order to optimize MSWM system in Hangzhou, the government and the citizen must make efforts in source separation, comprehensive treatment system, effective regulations and policies.


2016 ◽  
Vol 58 ◽  
pp. 376-385 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yunmin Chen ◽  
Ruyang Guo ◽  
Yu-Chao Li ◽  
Hailong Liu ◽  
Tony Liangtong Zhan

Author(s):  
Suelen Santos Bezerra ◽  
Georgia Patrícia da Silva Ferko

As características do destino turístico, a divulgação, os comentários e o conhecimento sobre os locais que praticam o turismo rural, possuem grande influência sobre o despertar do interesse dos turistas em conhecer essas propriedades que desenvolvem o turismo rural. Além de trazer benefícios para as que fazem do turismo rural fonte de renda ou de complementação da renda familiar. O objetivo principal é avaliar as possíveis causas que impedem o desenvolvimento turismo rural no Estado de Roraima, com base na experiência de empresas integrantes no projeto “Vivendo Roraima pelos Cavalos Lavradeiros”, projeto este que foi criado para fortalecer o turismo rural no Estado. Em relação aos objetivos é descritiva. Para a coleta de dados, realizou-se pesquisa bibliográfica e pesquisa documental. Foram realizadas entrevistas junto aos proprietários das propriedades que dispuseram a colaborar com a pesquisa. Constatou-se que das dez propriedades que compõem este projeto, o qual foi resultado de uma parceria entre o Departamento de Turismo da SEPLAN (Secretaria Estadual de Planejamento e Desenvolvimento) do Estado de Roraima, e o SEBRAE-RR, seis delas não praticam o turismo rural. Dentre os motivos percebeu-se que estão relacionados à: falta de divulgação, ausência de turistas e visitantes no local, falta de incentivo aos proprietários, ausência de incentivos e apoio governamental e principalmente a não caracterização de turismo rural em algumas propriedades que possuem como atividade o camping, balneários, e outra que só permite ao visitante conhecer plantações de açaí para comercialização. Além disso, algumas propriedades que não se encontram abertas ao público por alguns outros motivos, os quais não foram devidamente esclarecidos. Conclui-se que não existe um projeto de turismo rural consolidado para Roraima, o que reflete pouco interesse dos órgãos governamentais e iniciativa privada. Tal fato inibe a possibilidade de ter mais uma alternativa emergente da valorização do território, podendo-se se constituir um importante instrumento de desenvolvimento para as regiões. Espera-se que este estudo sirva de ferramenta para identificar elementos, como os pontos a serem aperfeiçoados, com o intuito desenvolver estratégias de maneira a potencializar todas estas forças que o turismo rural pode proporcionar, em Roraima. Rural Tourism versus Non-Rural Tourism: case studies in Roraima (Brazil) ABSTRACT The characteristics of the tourist destination, disclosure, comments and knowledge of local practicing rural tourism, have great influence on the awakening of the interest of tourists to know those properties that develop rural tourism. In addition to bringing benefits to making rural tourism source of income or to supplement the family income. The main objective is to evaluate the possible causes that prevent rural tourism development in the state of Roraima, based on the experience of companies participating in the project “Vivendo Roraima pelos Cavalos Lavradeiros” project that has been created to strengthen rural tourism in the state. In relation to the objectives it is descriptive. For data collection , there was literature and documentary research. Interviews were conducted with owners of properties that volunteered to participate in the study. It was found that of the ten properties that make up this project, which was the result of a partnership between the Department of Tourism SEPLAN (State Department of Planning and Development) of the State of Roraima, and SEBRAE -RR, six of them do not practice rural tourism. Among the reasons it was realized that are related to: lack of disclosure, lack of tourists and visitors on site, lack of incentives to owners, lack of incentives and government support and especially not the characterization of rural tourism in some properties that have as activity camping, showers, and one that only allows the visitor to know açai plantations marketing. Additionally, some properties that are not open to the public by some other reasons, which have not been properly clarified. We conclude that there is no consolidated rural tourism project to Roraima, which reflects little interest from government agencies and private enterprise. This fact inhibits the possibility of having more an emerging alternative development of the area, being able to be an important development for the regions. It is expected that this study will serve as a tool for identifying elements, such as the points to be improved in order to develop strategies to maximize way all these forces that rural tourism can provide in Roraima. KEYWORDS: Rural Tourism; Properties; Destiny; Development.


Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (5) ◽  
pp. 1191
Author(s):  
Kacper Świechowski ◽  
Paweł Stępień ◽  
Ewa Syguła ◽  
Jacek A. Koziel ◽  
Andrzej Białowiec

In work, data from carbonization of the eight main municipal solid waste components (carton, fabric, kitchen waste, paper, plastic, rubber, paper/aluminum/polyethylene (PAP/AL/PE) composite packaging pack, wood) carbonized at 300–500 °C for 20–60 min were used to build regression models to predict the biochar properties (proximate and ultimate analysis) for particular components. These models were then combined in general models that predict the properties of char made from mixed waste components depending on pyrolysis temperature, residence time, and share of municipal solid waste components. Next, the general models were compared with experimental data (two mixtures made from the above-mentioned components carbonized at the same conditions). The comparison showed that most of the proposed general models had a determination coefficient (R2) over 0.6, and the best prediction was found for the prediction of biochar mass yield (R2 = 0.9). All models were implemented into a spreadsheet to provide a simple tool to determine the potential of carbonization of municipal solid waste/refuse solid fuel based on a local mix of major components.


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