scholarly journals Violation of traffic safety when using chloride dir in railway transport

2019 ◽  
Vol 138 ◽  
pp. 01007
Author(s):  
Vladimir Popov ◽  
Svetlana Churiukina ◽  
Philipp Sukhov ◽  
Yuri Borovkov ◽  
Julia Balandova
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Safety ◽  
Railway Transport ◽  
Destructive Effect ◽  
The Relationship

This article experimentally proves the negative (destructive) effect of chloride DIR on railway transport facilities. The ways of chloride DIR getting of various objects of railway transport are shown. The relationship between the usage of chloride DIR and the violation of traffic safety in railway transport is being proven. Possible scenarios of the occurrence of a violation of traffic safety without taking into account the occurrence of human casualties are presented.

Relating Household Consumption Expenditures to Road Traffic Fatalities: A Rural–Urban Study

2021 ◽  
pp. 036119812110332
Author(s):  
Ruchika Agarwala ◽  
Vinod Vasudevan
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Traffic Safety ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Household Consumption ◽  
Household Expenditure ◽  
Traffic Fatality ◽  
Rural And Urban Areas ◽  
Rural And Urban ◽  
The Relationship

Research shows that traffic fatality risk is generally higher in rural areas than in urban areas. In developing countries, vehicle ownership and investments in public transportation typically increase with economic growth. These two factors together increase the vehicle population, which in turn affects traffic safety. This paper presents a study focused on the relationship of various factors—including household consumption expenditure data—with traffic fatality in rural and urban areas and thereby aims to fill some of the gaps in the literature. One such gap is the impacts of personal and non-personal modes of travel on traffic safety in rural versus urban areas in developing countries which remains unexplored. An exhaustive panel data modeling approach is adopted. One important finding of this study is that evidence exists of a contrasting relationship between household expenditure and traffic fatality in rural and urban areas. The relationship between household expenditure and traffic fatality is observed to be positive in rural areas and a negative in urban areas. Increases in most expenditure variables, such as fuel, non-personal modes of travel, and two-wheeler expenditures, are found to be associated with an increase in traffic fatality in rural areas.

Analysis on the Anti-Glare Plate Setting Distance on Horizontal Curve Sections of Expressway

2014 ◽  
Vol 587-589 ◽  
pp. 2156-2159 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tian Xiao ◽  
Ji Shu Sun ◽  
Can Zhang Jin
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Safety ◽  
Calculation Formula ◽  
Horizontal Curve ◽  
Distance Calculation ◽  
Element Simulation ◽  
Curved Section ◽  
Curve Radius ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Plate Distance ◽  
Glare Effect

Glare is one of the most important factors threating expressway traffic safety an night. The most commonly way to prevent glaring night is to set anti-glare plate. Different from the straight sections of expressway, the relationship between the front light of vehicles and the distance of anti-glare plate on the horizontal curved section has some-what changed. Through a lot of tests and finite element simulation, the relationship between the distance of anti-glare plate, horizontal curve radius and anti-glare effect were analyzed systematically. Distance calculation formula of anti-glare plate in horizontal curve sections was revised in this paper. The anti-glare plate distance requirement under different expressway alignment design indexes and its calculation formula was proposed. The achievement was beneficial to confirm the anti-glare effect and improve traffic safety. It can provide us with a reference and a supplement of the specification.

Organization of transport production of permanent way work with the consideration for information modeling

2021 ◽  
pp. 65-67
Author(s):  
Tatyana Nikolaevna Asalkhanova ◽  
◽  
Andrey Alexandrovich Oskolkov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Safety ◽  
Production Efficiency ◽  
Digital Technologies ◽  
Digital Transformation ◽  
Information Modeling ◽  
Railway Transport ◽  
Automated Control ◽  
Automated Control System ◽  
Advanced Development

The JSC «RZD» Long-term program up to 2025 envisages a digital transformation of railway transport. It dedicates a special attention to information and digital technologies of modeling advanced development of infrastructure for provision of growing traffic, increase of production efficiency, provision of expected result of traffic safety and industry economics in whole. The paper presents a design of the information model for infrastructure control within the framework of introduction of the BIM RZD Automated Control System on the example of organization of transport production of permanent way work.

scholarly journals Use of a text mining method for classifying citizen report data and analyzing the occurrence trend of local problems

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Eiji Kano ◽  
Kazuhiko Tsuda
Keyword(s):  
Text Mining ◽  
Traffic Safety ◽  
Living Environment ◽  
Mining Method ◽  
Local Problems ◽  
Problem Detection ◽  
Report System ◽  
Report Data ◽  
Maintenance And Inspection ◽  
The Relationship

An important task of any municipality is the maintenance and improvement of the street-related living environment and traffic safety for citizens.  For this, their department of street maintenance is expected to efficiently perform the maintenance and inspection of streets according to priority with limited human and budgetary resources.  Recently, municipalities in various countries are adopting “the citizen report system,” which is a system of reporting problems of streets, such as damaged streets, by citizens to their municipality, for citizens to perform part of street maintenance and inspection.  It is possible that the data obtained by municipalities through the citizen report system can be utilized not only for early problem detection but also for prioritizing administrative measures by using it for analyzing the occurrence trend of problems.  Problems reported by citizens, however, are classified by different methods from municipality to municipality, and thus the collection and comparative analysis of such data across municipalities is difficult.  This study presents a method of commonly classifying such data, regardless of different classification standards, by analyzing the contents of citizen reports by using text mining.  We then analyze the relationship between the trend of citizen reports and the occurrence trend of problems concerning the living environment and traffic safety, using the citizen report data of three large municipalities classified by this method, and infer the occurrence trend of problems.  This study has confirmed that citizen report data possibly contributes to municipalities’ prioritization of the maintenance and improvement of the living environment and traffic safety.

Do Denser Neighborhoods Have Safer Streets? Population Density and Traffic Safety in the Philadelphia Region

2019 ◽  
pp. 0739456X1984504 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erick Guerra ◽  
Xiaoxia Dong ◽  
Michelle Kondo
Keyword(s):  
Population Density ◽  
Traffic Safety ◽  
Urban Form ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Negative Binomial ◽  
Pedestrian Safety ◽  
Negative Binomial Models ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Binomial Models ◽  
Density Results

This study uses multilevel negative binomial models to investigate relationships between neighborhood socio-demographics, urban form, roadway characteristics, traffic collisions, injuries, and fatalities on the Philadelphia region’s streets from 2010 to 2014. We pay particular attention to neighborhood population density. Results indicate that streets in denser neighborhoods have fewer overall collisions, injuries, and fatalities. The association with pedestrian safety is mixed and somewhat uncertain across urban areas and model specifications. This study highlights the importance of population density in traffic safety and helps explain some of the variation in findings across studies examining the relationship between urban form and pedestrian safety.

scholarly journals Traffic safety management based on integrated assessment of safety level

2018 ◽  
Vol 239 ◽  
pp. 02003
Author(s):  
Philipp Sukhov ◽  
Vladimir Popov ◽  
Viktor Filippov
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Traffic Safety ◽  
Safety Management ◽  
Technical Problem ◽  
Mathematical Treatment ◽  
Safety Index ◽  
Railway Transport ◽  
Safety Level ◽  
Passenger Traffic ◽  
The Russian Federation

The volumes of freight and passenger traffic on the railways of the Russian Federation are increasing every year. Along with the increase in the transportation work, the likelihood of occurrence of undesirable incidents in railway transport increases. The assessment of the level of comprehensive (integrated) safety is an important scientific and technical problem in the current conditions of the functioning of railway transport. The methods used to assess the level of safety do not always meet the requirements of complexity in view of comparison of various-scale violations of traffic safety (crash, accident, faulty operation). The paper proposes a mathematical method for assessing the level of integrated safety in railway transport and calculation of the safety index of train traffic. For the calculation, statistical data for a certain period are used. These data summarized in a specialized dictionary of traffic safety violations, the mathematical treatment of which provides information on the level of integrated safety in railway transport in the Russian Federation. The proposed index allows determining the effectiveness of management decisions in the field of train traffic safety, as well as assessing the effectiveness of implementing certain innovations in the field of traffic safety. It is possible to use data on integrated traffic safety to reduce insurance premiums for cargo insurance on railways.

Study on Ice Breaking on Crumbed Rubber Asphalt Pavement Based on Self-Stress Method

2012 ◽  
Vol 256-259 ◽  
pp. 1807-1812 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qing Yi Xiao ◽  
Hong Jun Cui ◽  
Ning Li Li ◽  
Cai Li Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Elastic Modulus ◽  
Traffic Safety ◽  
Asphalt Pavement ◽  
Asphalt Mixture ◽  
Asphalt Mixtures ◽  
Highway Traffic ◽  
Friction Test ◽  
Rubber Content ◽  
Fem Method ◽  
The Relationship

Ice layer on pavement surface was a serious problem for highway traffic safety. Crumbed rubber asphalt mixture was an effective way to drive ice layer away from surface. Through wheel test asphalt mixture specimen with ice layer at negtive temperature, the paper studied ice breaking performance of asphalt mixtures containing different amount crumbed rubber. Pendulumlike friction test BPN after wheel test was taken as an performance index of crumber rubber asphalt breaking ice. Results shown that the quantity of crumbed rubber and the performance of ice breaking had good linear relationship and more rubber content had better slide resistance recover speed at same wheel arround number.Through numerial model of pavement covered ice based on FEM method, the paper had analyzed the relationship between elastic modulus of crumbed rubber pavement and ice stress-strain on pavement, and put forward the mechanism of ice breaking.

Impact of Older Adults’ Neighborhood Perceptions on Walking Behavior

2016 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 247-255 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jordana L. Maisel
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Built Environment ◽  
Traffic Safety ◽  
User Behavior ◽  
Street Connectivity ◽  
Walking Behavior ◽  
Study Support ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Neighborhood Type ◽  
Age And Sex

Built environment features can have varying impacts on user behavior depending on the perceptions of the opportunities and obstacles that the environments create. This study systematically evaluated the relationship between neighborhood perceptions and the specific types of self-reported walking behavior for 121 older adults who resided in urban, suburban, or rural neighborhoods. Perceptions of street connectivity, crime and traffic safety, and overall satisfaction were associated with specific types of walking behaviors, and the strength of the relationships differed by neighborhood type. Sociodemographic variables such as age and sex were associated with certain types and amounts of older adults’ walking behaviors both across and within each neighborhood type. The results of this study support the importance of perceived street connectivity regardless of neighborhood type and perceived crime safety in rural neighborhoods to impact the walking behavior among older adults.

Geographic Information System–Based Spatial and Statistical Analysis of Severe Crash Hotspot Accessibility to Hospitals

2017 ◽  
Vol 2635 (1) ◽  
pp. 90-97 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mehmet Baran Ulak ◽  
Ayberk Kocatepe ◽  
Eren Erman Ozguven ◽  
Mark W. Horner ◽  
Lisa Spainhour
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Traffic Safety ◽  
Emergency Services ◽  
Multinomial Logistic Regression ◽  
Geographic Information ◽  
Multinomial Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Accessibility Issues ◽  
Crash Hotspots ◽  
The Relationship

Previous studies have examined hospital accessibility issues, and other work has exhaustively investigated several aspects of roadway crashes, such as their severity and frequency, possible causal factors, and their clustering on networks. However, the nature of the relationship between them, in the accessibility of severe crash hotspots to hospitals with emergency services, is relatively unexplored. Looking at both elements simultaneously is especially critical, given the need to provide the necessary aid to crash victims in a timely manner to help reduce roadway deaths. To the authors’ knowledge, such an assessment has not been attempted before. The objective of this study was twofold. First, the study investigated accessibility through the use of geographic information systems and statistical analysis to detect high-risk locations. Second, the study used hierarchical multinomial logistic regression analysis to examine several environmental, traffic, and human factors to identify the determinants of the crashes that constitute hotspots. The results show that several roadway segments portend an elevated threat of injury and fatalities for drivers and passengers, not only due to a higher probability of being severely injured, but also because of the low accessibility to hospitals having emergency services. The results suggest that particular spatial, traffic, and roadway factors, such as intersection presence or speed limits, substantially imperil traffic safety. The knowledge gained from this study can help agencies and officials pinpoint and investigate high-risk locations to enhance the safety of roadway users.

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